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Biomedical subjects

E Cruz

Publications and source records attributed to E Cruz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Acute effect of ketotifen on the dose-response curve of histamine and methacholine in asthma.

This study was designed to assess the acute effect of 1 mg of orally administered ketotifen on the dose-response curve to both histamine and methacholine, in 15 patients with bronchial asthma. From this curve we measured the concentration that produced a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20) and reactivity, defined as the slope of the curve beyond the threshold dose. Results were analysed comparing the change in log PC20 and in reactivity before and after a double-blind administration of ketotifen and placebo. Ketotifen, compared to placebo, significantly increased the histamine PC20 (P less than 0.001) and reduced reactivity (P less than 0.001). After adjusting for starting FEV1 the difference of effect between ketotifen and placebo was still significant, although to a lesser degree (P less than 0.01). In contrast, ketotifen did not modify the methacholine dose-response curve. No significant changes were observed in FEV1 after ketotifen. The results suggest that acute administration of ketotifen has a selective action on histamine-activated pathways of bronchoconstriction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Partial preservation of motor function by inhibition of arachidonate metabolism in rats with phospholipase A2-induced caudate lesions.

Dexamethasone pretreatment prevents motor impairment manifested by ipsilateral rotation and phospholipid alterations resulting from phospholipase A2-induced caudate nucleus lesions in rats. If motor function preservation is attributed solely to the antiprostaglandin activity of dexamethasone, then indomethacin (an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase) and phenidone (an inhibitor of both lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase) should also diminish rotation. Phenidone offered dose-related, partial protection whereas indomethacin did not. Histologic sections of rat brain indicated that a positive correlation existed between the size of the caudate lesion and number of rotations for the various treatments. Because dexamethasone produced essentially complete protection, it is hypothesized that dexamethasone protects caudate motor function by interfering with breakdown of membrane phospholipids, as well as by preventing formation of arachidonate and its products.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Influence of work during pregnancy on fetal weight.

To discover the influence of maternal work upon fetal birth weight, we compared 1,140 women who worked during pregnancy to a random, equal sample of women not working during pregnancy. Work during pregnancy appears to reduce the mean fetal weight in both primigravidas and multigravidas . Rest during the last six weeks of pregnancy improves fetal weight significantly. This finding underscores the importance of rest in cases of insufficient fetal growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Successful pregnancy in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

A successful pregnancy with a normal baby in a woman with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with daunorubicin from the ninth week of gestation is reported. Daunorubicin is an effective agent against this leukemia during pregnancy. That daunorubicin may be safely used, when required during the early gestation, is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Sorbinil protection of lens protein components and cell hydration during diabetic cataract formation.

Topical application of Sorbinil, a potent aldose reductase inhibitor, preserved lens growth, cell hydration and protein components--alpha, beta and gamma crystallins. The concomitant protective effects of Sorbinil were established on the three lenticular parameters because their quantitation offered a comprehensive index of lens integrity during galactose cataractogenesis. The fused eyelids of the rat neonate provided a natural delivery chamber, an orbital pouch, for topical administration of inhibitor to the treated lens; the contralateral pouch served as an untreated control. Protein preservation was determined by gel filtration chromatography. In galactose-maintained neonates, untreated lenses exhibited only 50% of the normal fraction-II component, whereas Sorbinil treatment maintained 95% of the protein. Likewise, quantitative analysis of scanning electron micrographs indicated that Sorbinil protected lenses against both intra- and extracellular fluid accumulation as determined by measurements of individual fiber cell thickness, density (the number of cells/10 micrometer cortex), and interdigitation. In addition, Sorbinil-treatment maintained normal growth as evidenced by radius and dry weight measurements. In normal neonates, Sorbinil had no effect on these parameters. These results indicate that changes in lens growth, fiber ultrastructure and protein components respond to aldose reductase inhibition by Sorbinil, thereby diminishing cataractogenesis.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1982

Xanthone-2-carboxylic acid effect on lens growth, hydration and proteins during diabetic cataract development.

The concomitant protective effects of the aldose reductase inhibitor, 7-dimethylsulfamoyl-xanthone-2-carboxylic acid, were established by three lens parameters (soluble crystallin proteins, growth and cell hydration) because their quantitation provided a comprehensive index of lens physiology during sugar cataractogenesis in the rat neonate. Their fused eyelids provided the orbital pouch for topical administration of inhibitor to the treated lens; the contralateral pouch served as an untreated control. Protein preservation was determined by gel filtration chromatography. In galactose-maintained neonates, untreated lenses exhibited only 50% of the normal Fraction II protein whereas xanthone-treatment maintained 73% of this component. Quantitative analysis of scanning electron micrographs indicated that xanthone-treatment partially protected lenses against both intra and extracellular fluid accumulation as determined by measurements of individual fiber cell thickness, density (the number of cells/10 micron cortex), and interdigitation. In addition, xanthone-treatment improved lens growth as evidenced by radius and dry weight measurements. Our results suggest that topically applied xanthone partially inhibited sugar cataractogenesis.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1979

Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of the crystalline lens of a poikilotherm; the toad Bufo marinus.

1. The O2 consumption and lactic acid production of the lens of the toad Bufo marinus was measured under various conditions. The energy consumption was very low compared to other amphibian tissues and about 20% of that previously described in the rat lens. About 80% was derived from oxidative metabolism, which is the converse of that seen in mammals. 2. Cyanide abolished O2 consumption and increased lactate production 20-30 times ("Pasteur effect"). 3. Under aerobic conditions about 40% of the energy requirements of the lens are related to the presence of Na in the bathing-media but this was not seen in the presence of CN. 4. Oxidative metabolism was predominant in the outer cortical regions of the lens while glycolysis persisted even in the central nucleus. The energetic requirements of this region were, however, only about 10% of those in the intact lens. 5. Lactate readily leaves the lens and passes into its bathing fluids, and at high rates of glycolysis this occurs more readily across the posterior surface. 6. The results are discussed in relation to the unique physiological needs, structure and situation of the lens.

Aerobiosis↗