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Biomedical subjects

E Christiansen

Publications and source records attributed to E Christiansen.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Improved effect of hemodialysis on acidemic patients from an acetate concentration of 38 mmol/l.

A high frequency of metabolic acidosis in a group of 30 patients on regular dialysis treatment initiated a study of the effect (and possible side effects) of a higher concentration of acetate in the dialysate. The concentration of acetate in the dialysate was increased from 32.6 ('low ac') to 38.2 mmol/l ('high ac'). The 'low ac' dialysis treatment changes the metabolic acidoses (mean pH = 7.34; base excess, BEb = - 8.3 mmol/l) to chronic hypocapnia (pH = 7.40; BEb = - 5.4 mmol/l). 'High ac' normalized the acid base status (pH = 7.44; BEb = -0.6 mmol/l). No side effects occurred. Since PaCO2 does not change much during hemodialysis it is convenient to look at the linearly related changes of the pH and the logarithmic standard bicarbonate concentration along iso-PCO2 lines in a log standard bicarbonate-pH-nomogram.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

Short term chemotherapeutic prophylaxis in gastrointestinal operations.

In a prospective, randomized study on surgical prophylaxis in elective gastrointestinal operations, 145 adults were allocated to either one of three groups. Those in group 1 received one single preoperative dose of 200 milligrams of doxycycline and 2 grams of tinidazole. Those in group 2 were given three doses of 80 milligrams of gentamicin and 600 milligrams of clindamycin with eight hour intervals, beginning one hour preoperatively. Group 3 patients served as controls and obtained no antimicrobial agent. The prophylactic regimens significantly reduced the infectious complications, as evidenced by fewer infections, less total antibiotic dosage and shorter hospitalization. In the prophylactically treated groups, anaerobic infections were less frequent than in those in the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Antibodies against double-stranded DNA in patients with connective tissue diseases. Comparison between Crithidia luciliae kinetoplast immunofluorescence test and Farr technique.

Antibodies against double-stranded (ds) DNA were demonstrated by an immunofluorescence technique using Crithidia luciliae kinetoplast as antigen, and by means of the Farr technique. Both techniques were used simultaneously in 172 sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), temporal arteritis (TA) and from healthy controls. Comparable results were obtained with the two techniques. SLE patients with active disease had higher titres of IgA antibodies than patients with inactive disease. Of the patients with RA and JRA, 10% had significant titres of dsDNA antibodies. Patients with TA and normal controls had either no dsDNA antibodies in their sera or very low titres without complement-fixing properties.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Humoral and cellular immunity in sarcoidosis.

The Kveim reaction was studied in vivo in 50 patients with sarcoidosis. Commonwealth Serum Laboratories Kveim material and a new Danish Kveim material gave 14 and 8 positive reactions respectively, as well as 6 and 8 equivocal reactions. Forty-six of the patients were also tested in vitro for cell mediated immunity to the Danish Kveim material, using both the leucocyte migration agarose technique and the capillary technique. No significant migration inhibition or stimulation were found. A tuberculin skin test was performed in 49 of the patients, and in 45 a dinitrochlorobenzene sensitivity titer was determined. Both tests revealed a depression of the cell mediated immunity. The serum levels of immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE were determined. The serum of each patient was also examined to determine if organ-non-specific and granulocyte-specific antinuclear factors of IgG class, antibodies against native DNA, rheumatoid factor, mitochondrial antibodies, antibodies against thyroid cytoplasm, and parietal cell antibodies were present. IgG levels were above normal in 28 patients; IgE was above normal in 10 patients, 4 of whom were atopics or had an atopic disposition. Organ-non-specific antinuclear factors were present in 17 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

On acid-base problems in REDY dialysis.

The acid-base status of dialysate and blood during REDY dialysis has been studied. A very low pH (6,90) has been found in the venous blood. However, the predialytic acidosis of the patients is corrected, which is attributed to the acetate supply during dialysis. It is pointed out that the implications of the low venous blood pH are still inadequately investigated.

Acetates↗
PubMed1976

On the absorption capacity of the REDY cartridge.

The absorption capacity of the REDY cartridge was investigated exclusively by in vitro experiments. The maximum absorption capacity for urea, phosphate, creatinine, and urinc acid, was found to be respectively 55 g, more than 4 g (phosphorus), 10 g, and more than 7,5 g. The maximum absorption rates of the same substances were found to be 600-800 mg/min., more than 33 mg/min., more than 170 mg/min., and 13 mg/min. respectively. The ability of the cartridge to absorb urea was found to be practically unaffected by 2 mmol of copper and 7 mmol of zinc, and to be unaffected by supraphysiological concentrations of lithium. The amount of exchangeable cations was determined for three cartridges, and found to be 6100, 3800, and 7200 mmol. The cation exchanger was found to act as a buffer, giving the whole cartridge a buffering capacity of 0,6 mol. Of the layers of cation exchanger, anion exchanger, and activated charcoal, only the latter was found to be able to bind urea.

Absorption↗
PubMed1975

DNA-antibodies in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

DNA-antibody determinations using the Farr technique and LE cell tests were performed on single serum samples from 55 patients with SLE according to well defined criteria. It was found that the DNA-antibody test was just as sensitive as the LE cell test, and studies of sera from patients with questionable SLE, discoid LE, other connective-tissue diseases, psoriasis, and from healthy persons, indicated that the DNA-antibody test is highly specific for SLE. Neither the DNA-antibody test nor the LE cell test could discriminate between SLE patients with active and inactive disease as estimated by clinical criteria or by the serum concentrations of complement C3 and C4.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nocturnal subcutaneous hyperaemia in the lower leg and foot of type 1 diabetic patients.

Nocturnal fluctuations in subcutaneous blood flow in the lower leg and foot were measured during sleep in Type 1 diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy. Subcutaneous blood flow was measured, simultaneously, 100 mm above the malleolus on the medial aspect of the right lower leg and at the dorsum of the left foot in 10 diabetic patients, and on the right lower leg only in 10 normal human subjects over 12-20 h. The 133Xe wash-out technique, portable CdTe (Cl) detectors and a portable data storage unit were used. The tracer depots were applied by means of the epicutaneous, atraumatic labelling technique. In diabetic patients, subcutaneous blood flow increased 102 +/- 68% in the lower leg and 111 +/- 98% in the foot at 113 +/- 32 min and 107 +/- 37 min, after going to sleep. The hyperaemic phase lasted 128 +/- 43 min and 150 +/- 42 min, respectively. The hyperaemic response was not different from that in the control subjects (89 +/- 61%). There was no significant correlation between the absolute hyperaemia in the leg and that in the foot. In conclusion, Type 1 diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy have normal nocturnal hyperaemia during sleep.

Adipose Tissue↗