Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Caumes

Publications and source records attributed to E Caumes.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

AIDS-associated mucocutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma treated with bleomycin.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate efficacy and tolerance of bleomycin in AIDS-associated mucocutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma. A previous study showed that bleomycin was effective and well tolerated in this setting. DESIGN: A non-comparative, open, prospective study. METHODS: Seventy patients were treated with 5 mg per day intramuscular bleomycin on 3 consecutive days every 2 weeks. RESULTS: Two patients achieved a complete response and 50 a partial response (overall response rate, 74%). Median time to treatment response was 4 weeks (range, 2-12 weeks) and median time to relapse 10 weeks (range, 2-36 weeks). Dose-limiting toxicity consisted of cutaneous adverse reactions. CONCLUSION: Bleomycin is active against AIDS-associated mucocutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma; relapse occurs after discontinuation of therapy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Foscarnet induction therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS: comparison of twice-daily and three-times-daily regimens.

We have evaluated the effects of induction therapy with foscarnet 100 mg/kg b.i.d. via i.v. infusion in 60 AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and compared the findings with those in 37 such patients receiving a foscarnet induction regimen of 60 mg/kg t.i.d. via i.v. infusion. Induction therapy was given for at least 3 weeks, with the treatment period being extended in cases of slow resolution of retinitis. There was no significant difference between response rates in the two groups, with ophthalmologic response being observed in 52 (96%) of 54 evaluable b.i.d. patients and 33 (97%) of 34 evaluable t.i.d. patients over mean durations of therapy of 26 and 27 days, respectively; complete and partial responses were observed in 91 and 6%, respectively, of b.i.d. patients and 85 and 12%, respectively, of t.i.d. patients. Foscarnet was discontinued because of adverse events in 3 (3%) of 97 patients, with treatment being stopped in 2 patients because of renal insufficiency and in 1 patient because of an acute neurologic disorder. Serum creatinine concentrations increased significantly in both the b.i.d. group (from 82 to 98 mumol/L, p less than 0.01) and the t.i.d. group (from 73 to 122 mumol/L, p less than 0.001), with the difference between increases not being statistically significant. Serum creatinine concentrations greater than 200 mumol/L were observed in two b.i.d. patients and four t.i.d. patients; in four cases, concomitant medications or conditions contributed to renal impairment. Hypocalcemia of less than 1.75 mmol/L occurred in 18% of b.i.d. patients and 28% of t.i.d. patients during treatment (p = 0.03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

[Diseases observed after return from travels outside Europe. 109 cases].

We report a prospective study of travel-associated illnesses observed after their return in 109 French travellers, including 86 tourists. Sixty-three were returning from Africa and 84 percent had been abroad for less than 4 weeks. The percentages of travellers immunized against tetanus, poliomyelitis and typhoid fever were 70, 63 and 36 percent respectively. Malaria prophylaxis was well adjusted to current recommendations in only 19 patients; for 9 patients it was a routine visit. One hundred patients reported 105 diseases. The diagnosis was undetermined in 31 patients, including 19 with diarrhoea and 8 with fever, and it was determined in 74 patients who were found to have malaria (14), cutaneous myiasis (12) or bacterial skin infections (12).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Group A streptococcal cellulitis-adenitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A rapidly enlarging left inguinal adenitis, with positive groove sign, and fever, chills, malaise, hypotension, headache, scarlatiniform rash, choleroid diarrhea, and proteinuria developed in an homosexual man who was positive for human immunodeficiency virus. The needle aspiration of the inguinal mass showed group A beta-hemolytic streptococci and the blood cultures were negative, suggesting group A streptococcal cellulitis-adenitis with toxic strep syndrome. Treatment with penicillin and surgical drainage was successful. Bacterial infections associated with defective humoral immunity appear to be common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and some of these infections have a remarkable extensive and lethal evolution. Therefore streptococcal adenitis should be considered in any patient with AIDS or AIDS-related syndrome in whom rapidly enlarging inguinal nodes develop.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Acquired syphilis during human immunodeficiency virus infection. 6 cases].

We retrospectively studied the clinical, serological, bacteriological and histopathological data obtained in 6 HIV seropositive patients seen in our department from 1986 to 1989 for secondary syphilis. The clinical presentation was atypical in 4 of the 6 patients, with 2 palmoplantar keratodermas and 2 ulcerative syphilids. The diagnosis was made on darkfield examination in 2 patients, high titers of antibodies in 6 and histopathological examination (numerous plasma cells) in 4. All were cured with the classical penicillin therapy recommended for early syphilis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Dermatologists facing the risk of viral transmission. Analysis of the precautionary measures of 472 practitioners].

On the occasion of the "Journées Dermatologiques de Paris", in March 1988 we designed a survey to evaluate the sterile practices of French dermatologists in the "AIDS era". During the two days meeting, attended by 2,584 participants, 472 questionnaire forms were filled in (answer rate 18.5 p. 100). Among responders 43 p. 100 were exclusively office-based, 13 p. 100 only worked in hospitals, and 44 p. 100 were practicing both in office and hospital. The overall utilisation of gloves by French dermatologists remained highly variable, depending on the procedure. For example 6.7 p. 100 of responders reported never using gloves for excisions, 13 p. 100 for shave biopsies, 18 p. 100 for punch biopsies, 40 p. 100 for curettage and 47 p. 100 for electrocoagulation. Five per cent of the dermatologists surveyed did not sterilize their curettes regularly and 42 p. 100 their electrocoagulation needles. Heat sterilization was the most commonly used, in 69 p. 100 of cases for curettes and 42 p. 100 for electrocoagulation needles. On the other hand, chemical tray sterilization was used in 58 p. 100 of the cases for electrocoagulation needles, and in 31 p. 100 for curettes. For chemical sterilization, 63 p. 100 of responders used alcohol, 15 p. 100 glutaraldehyde, 15 p. 100 sodium hydrochloride, and 7 p. 100 other agents, mainly quartenary ammonium compounds. Twelve per cent of the physicians surveyed have adopted the practice of using a single electrocoagulation needle, belonging to each patient, for long term repeated procedures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Failure of prevention of malaria by mefloquine in West Africa].

Mefloquine (Lariam) is extensively prescribed for the prevention of malaria in chloroquine-resistant areas. However, in west Africa, most of the strains of Plasmodium falciparum are still sensitive to chloroquine. In addition, a few of these strains are inherently resistant to mefloquine. Under these conditions, we must expect to see the failure of mefloquine prophylaxis in travellers returning from west Africa. We report here 5 such failures. The in vitro susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from 4 of these patients was evaluated and showed that all 4 had normal sensitivity to chloroquine and quinine, 3 were resistant to mefloquine and one had reduced susceptibility to mefloquine. Mefloquine blood levels (measured 3 times) were within the normal protective range. These case reports indicate that mefloquine should be used cautiously for malaria prevention in west Africa. They also point out that, regardless of the prophylactic method used, fever in a traveller returning from endemic malaria regions always dictates the analysis of a thick blood smear to rule out the diagnosis of malaria.

Adult↗