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Biomedical subjects

E Cattaneo

Publications and source records attributed to E Cattaneo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The association of "standard ELISA" and HIV (env) ELISA for detection and confirmation of HIV antibodies in human sera.

Sera from various population of subjects, including patients with AIDS and ARC, drug-addicts seropositive for HIV and healthy blood donors were screened with "standard ELISA" and HIV (env) ELISA. In the present study all 80 specimens from patients with AIDS and all 60 patients with ARC were positive by HIV (env) ELISA, and 1507 specimens from HIV drug positive by W.B. were detected as positive by HIV (env) ELISA. The specificity of HIV (env) ELISA was defined in terms of percentage of non-reacting persons in a low risk population is 100%. Furthermore the HIV (env) ELISA is highly specific and sensitive and could be used in association with "standard ELISA" for detection and confirmation of HIV antibodies in human sera and plasma.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1990

Proliferation and differentiation of neuronal stem cells regulated by nerve growth factor.

Nerve growth factor plays an important part in neuron-target interactions in the late embryonic and adult brain. We now report that this growth factor controls the proliferation of neuronal precursors in a defined culture system of cells derived from the early embryonic brain. Neuronal precursor cells were identified by expression of the intermediate filament protein nestin. These cells proliferate in response to nerve growth factor but only after they have been exposed to basic fibroblast growth factor. On withdrawal of nerve growth factor, the proliferative cells differentiate into neurons. Thus, in combination with other growth factors, nerve growth factor regulates the proliferation and terminal differentiation of neuroepithelial stem cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

c-fos induction by estrogen in specific rat brain areas.

The present study was undertaken to determine whether estrogen modulates the expression of the c-fos gene in the CNS of rats. The analysis of the levels of c-fos mRNA was performed by slot blot assay. Administration of estradiol to ovariectomized rats determined a rapid and transient increase in the levels of c-fos mRNA in rat mid-brain and hippocampus, but not in the cerebellum (a brain area which does not express estrogen receptors). Such a change in the levels of c-fos mRNA was not observed after administration of alpha-estradiol or other steroid hormones. The presence of an estrogen responsive element-like sequence, revealed in the 5' flanking region of the murine c-fos gene, strengthens the hypothesis that c-fos gene transcription is directly enhanced by the interaction of the estrogen receptor complex with the promoter region of the proto-oncogene.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Major antigenic domain recognized by monoclonal antibodies maps within the carboxy-terminal moiety of a recombinant human immunodeficiency virus-1 p24 protein.

Antigenicity in mice of a recombinant polypeptide including the complete amino acid sequence of mature human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p24 protein was studied by induction of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). A panel of nine recloned hybridomas secreting MAbs with anti-p24 reactivity was isolated and further characterized. Competitive inhibition experiments suggested that the MAbs could be grouped into four epitopic classes corresponding to at least two distinct determinants. Analysis of reactivity to recombinant p24 deletion variants indicated that all the recognized epitopes are localized within a carboxy-terminal domain (amino acids 168-208) which should be largely exposed in recombinant as well as authentic antigen. Lack of response to N-terminal and central portions of p24 suggests that the antigenicity of those regions in the natural polypeptide is strongly conformation-dependent.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

HTLVI antibodies in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases.

The sera and the CSFs from 157 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients and 43 other neurological diseases (OND) cases have been evaluated for the presence of HTLVI antibodies. A commercial passive agglutination assay (PPA), an indirect fluorescence assay (IFA), and a Western Immunoblotting (WIB) performed in our laboratories have been employed. No OND samples showed HTLVI antibodies, while 14 sera and 1 CSF from MS patients resulted positive by PPA and 4 sera were positive with the IFA. When tested with WIB 6 MS sera showed a reactivity against one or more HTLVI proteins. Our results lead us to affirm that in a small number of MS patients, when sensitive tests are employed, it is possible to observe an antibody response toward proteins that share one or more epitope with HTLVI antigens.

HTLV-I Antibodies↗
PubMed1988

Enzymatically active forms of reverse transcriptase of the human immunodeficiency virus.

The reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 (AIDS virus) is characterized by the presence of two highly immunogenic proteins of 66 and 51 kD known to be enzymatically active as a complex p66/51. Using an activity gel procedure that allows identification of catalytic polypeptides in situ after PAGE in denaturing conditions, we visualized two major active bands of 66 and 51 kD of reverse transcriptase from highly purified preparations of HIV-1. We show that both p66 and p51 are enzymatically active. An additional active band was also associated with a 165 kD polypeptide, representing about 2-4% of total activity and possibly corresponding to the putative gag-pol precursor. In H9-infected cells the 66 kD active band became visible 70 hours after infection. These studies show that the two major forms of reverse transcriptase (66 and 51 kD) of HIV-1 are independently active and that a higher Mr form of 165 kD is also enzymatically active.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1985

Interactions between mutations affecting ribosome synthesis in Escherichia coli.

RNA synthesis was followed during amino acid starvation of strains of Escherichia coli that contained both the relaxed (relA) mutation and a mutation affecting ribosome assembly that results in oversynthesis of RNA. The ribosome mutation did not by itself lead to relaxedness. The relaxed mutation could be expressed in organisms that contained the ribosome mutation.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1985

Benzydamine for the topical treatment of vulvovaginitis in children and adolescents.

A study was undertaken in children and adolescents aged 4-18 years on the value of benzydamine vaginal douche in addition to chemotherapy for moderate to severe vulvovaginitis, including those also suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). It is considered that topical benzydamine gave beneficial results compared with the controls receiving chemotherapy alone and had in the IDDM patients a useful prophylactic effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Ruvalcaba syndrome: a case report.

An 11-year-old child with mental retardation and short stature was examined and found to be affected with some skeletal malformations. The clinical and radiological pattern of limb alterations was particularly suggestive of the features of Ruvalcaba syndrome. A complete examination confirmed the diagnosis and showed ocular involvement. To the best of our knowledge this is first published confirmation of Ruvalcaba syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Serotyping of cell culture-adapted subgroup 2 human rotavirus strains by neutralization.

Nine human rotavirus strains from stools of infants with gastroenteritis were serially propagated in MA-104 cell cultures. All strains were identified as subgroup 2 rotaviruses by RNA gel electrophoresis, complement fixation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The human rotavirus strains were propagated for 15 to 20 passages and then used for immunization of guinea pigs and rabbits. Animal antisera were also raised against a subgroup 1 human strain purified from stools and against the cell culture-adapted Wa strain, a reference subgroup 2 rotavirus of human origin. Cross-neutralization studies revealed the existence of two distinct serotypes within the cell culture-adapted subgroup 2 human rotaviruses: strains related and unrelated to strain Wa were classified as serotypes 1 and 3, respectively. Results with convalescent-phase sera from infants with primary rotavirus infections confirmed the existence of two serotypes within subgroup 2, and the serotypes responsible for primary subgroup 2 infections could be determined on the basis of the neutralizing reactivity of convalescent sera.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1984

Diagnosis of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis by rotavirus detection and serology.

In 127 infants and young children suffering from acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis, diagnosis of rotavirus infection was done by virus detection and serology. Human rotavirus (HRV) detection was performed by direct electron microscopy (EM), conventional immune electron microscopy (IEM) and/or solid phase immune electron microscopy ( SPIEM ); rotavirus antigens were detected by indirect double-antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA and HRV isolation was attempted in MA-104 or LLC-MK2 cell cultures. HRV serology was done on paired sera from all the patients by the indirect immunoperoxidase antibody (IPA) technique for HRV IgG determination, and by an indirect ELISA method using a purified HRV Wa strain as a solid phase. HRV particles were detected by EM and/or IEM in 53 cases (41.7%) and by SPIEM in 5 additional cases; HRV antigens were demonstrated by indirect DAS ELISA in the same 53 cases, whereas 40 cases (31.4%) were positive for HRV isolation in cell cultures. Sixty-four patients (50.3%) seroconverted by IPA and ELISA, including all the cases (58) positive for rotavirus detection in stools and 6 additional cases. Thus, SPIEM appears to be the most sensitive technique for detecting a few virus particles in stool specimens, but HRV serology is the most sensitive method for diagnosing HRV infections retrospectively, when paired sera are drawn at an appropriate time. However, EM possess the great advantage of detecting in fecal specimens viral agents other than rotaviruses, such as adenoviruses, enteric coronaviruses, small round viruses, astroviruses and others.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1982

Grouping of human adenoviruses by early antigen reactivity.

Prototype strains of human adenovirus (AV) (serotypes 1-35) as well as 49 wild strains were studied for reactivity of early antigens (EAs) with type-specific rabbit immune sera, using the immunoperoxidase antibody technique for determination of virus-specific IgG. The EAs of all AV serotypes belonging to one group reacted strongly with all type-specific immune sera of the homologous group. Reactivity with antisera to heterologous groups was moderate or absent except for the EAs of AV type 4, which reacted strongly with all AV-immune sera. Thus, on the basis of EA reactivity, all AV strains appeared to fall into five distinct groups (corresponding to DNA homology groups): group A, types 12, 18, and 31; group B, types 3, 7, 11, 14, 16, 21, 34, and 35; group C, types 1, 2, 5, and 6; group D, types 8-10, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22-30, 32, and 33; and group E, type 4. For diagnostic virology, EA grouping is a valid alternative to differential hemagglutination; it is more complete, and all AV strains can be rapidly classified.

Adenoviruses, Human↗