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Biomedical subjects

E Caspi

Publications and source records attributed to E Caspi.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Biologic activity of the iodoestrogens and their use in breast cancer.

Several iodinated estrogens, 6-iodoestra-1,3,5(10), 6-tetraene-3, 17 beta-diol (4) 16 beta-iodo-estradiol (3) were shown to displace 3H-estradiol (1b) from the uterine cytosol receptor by a competitive type of inhibition. The three compounds translocated the cytosol receptor to the nucleus in vitro and increased mouse uterine weight in vivo. In all tests the relative activities were 16 alpha-(2a) greater than 16 beta-(3a) greater than 6-(4a). When the compounds were made with [125I] the 16 alpha-[125I]-iodoestradiol (2b) bound with high affinity, Kd = 0.4 x 10(-10), to the 8S cytosol receptor. No high affinity binding could be demonstrated for the 6-[125I]-iodoestratetraene (4b). In in vivo experiments following the administration of 16 alpha-[125]-iodoestradiol (2b) to rats, high levels of radioactivity were found in the uterus, liver and thyroid but only in the liver and thyroid following administration of 6-[125I]-iodoestratetraene (4b). After administration of (2b) to rats with DMBA-induced mammary tumors, no tumor concentration of radioactivity could be detected by imaging. When (4b) was administered similarly, radioactivity could be detected in some of the tumors by imaging. The radioactivity was associated with non-specific 4S proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Severe ovarian hemorrhage in congenital afibrinogenemia.

This is a case report of a patient with congenital afibrinogenemia and massive intra-abdominal bleeding from a ruptured corpus luteum cyst. None of the previously reported 100 cases mentioned obstetrical or gynecological complications associated with this rare entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Surgical management of periadnexal adhesions.

The importance of the lysis of periadnexal adhesions with regard to pregnancy rate was evaluated in 101 infertile patients. All patients had at least one patent tube and normal fimbria. The periadnexal adhesions were classified into four grades according to their nature and extent. A significant inverse relationship was noted between the grade of adhesions and the pregnancy rate. The overall pregnancy rate was 45.5%. The pregnancy rate in grade 1 adhesion group was 64.7%, compared with 25.0% in grade IV (P less than 0.05). Postoperative early hydrotubations with hydrocortisone yielded a significantly higher pregnancy rate (52%), compared with patients not treated (25%, P less than 0.02). In order to improve the results, more effort should be directed to the prevention of adhesion formation.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1981

Dexamethasone for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome: multiple perinatal factors.

Antepartum dexamethasone administration was associated with a significant lowering of the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and with marked reduction of early neonatal mortality in premature infants. Dexamethasone had its greatest effect in infants delivered between 28 and 32 weeks' gestation (P < .001), and the difference was still significant up to 34 weeks' gestation (P < .05). Although the effect of dexamethasone was more marked in patients with intact membranes, it was also effective in those with prolonged rupture of the membranes. Membrane condition before delivery was unrelated to the incidence of RDS. The effectiveness of dexamethasone was analyzed with respect to the condition of the infant at delivery, the mode of delivery, and multiple births. As compared to the controls, dexamethasone was most effective in singletons, infants delivered vaginally, and those with high Apgar scores. The effect of dexamethasone was not significant in twins, breech deliveries, cesarean section deliveries, or infants with low Apgar scores. The effects of dexamethasone appear to be modified by intrauterine asphyxia. Dexamethasone therapy cannot be substituted for optimal delivery conditions of the premature.

Dexamethasone↗
PubMed1981

Metabolic effects of intramuscular and oral administration of ritodrine in pregnancy.

The metabolic effects of ritodrine, 80 mg/day, administered intramuscularly in the third trimester of pregnancy to 14 patients for 5 days and per os to 10 patients for 10 days were investigated. Each patient was considered at high risk for premature labor. Intravenous glucose tolerance and insulin, triglyceride, and electrolyte levels were assessed before and at the end of treatment with ritodrine. Intramuscularly or orally administered ritodrine in 10-mg doses 8 times a day did not influence carbohydrate homeostasis. Triglyceride levels fell significantly after intramuscular administration, whereas serum potassium levels increased during treatment. This study suggests that ritodrine administered intramuscularly or orally is metabolically safe in nondiabetic pregnant women.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Triplet and quadruplet pregnancies and management.

The rate of multiple pregnancies with more than 2 fetuses has significantly increased since the introduction of ovulation induction agents. From 1970 through 1978, there were 19 triplets and 6 quadruplets in the authors' department, incidences of 1:696 and 1:5370, respectively. Eighteen (72%) of the 25 multiple pregnancies followed treatment with ovulation induction agents and 7 were spontaneous. The diagnosis of more than 2 fetuses was made earlier in the induced than in the uninduced pregnancies. Management, initiated upon diagnosis, included bed rest, high-protein diet, beta-mimetic agents, progestins, dexamethasone late in the second trimester, and selective cerclage. The mean gestational age was 34 weeks in the triplets and 35 weeks in the quadruplets. Forty-four percent of the deliveries were by cesarean section and the remainder were by vaginal delivery. The mean weight of the neonates was 1807 g in the triplets and 1950 g in the quadruplets. The mean overall Apgar score was 8.16, and the perinatal mortality was 185 per 1000, corrected (more than 28 weeks) to 137 per 1000. The main neonatal complications resulted from prematurity, and maternal complications noted were postpartum hemorrhage necessitating hysterectomy in 2 patients. The preferable mode of delivery cannot be stated dogmatically. Fetal outcome was similar in vaginal and cesarean deliveries among the various gestational age groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Brucella septicemia in pregnancy.

A case of Brucella melitensis septicemia in a second-trimester pregnancy causing intrauterine fetal death and Gram-negative septic shock with diffuse intravascular coagulation is reported. The literature is reviewed. This is the first reported case of human brucellosis in association with Gram-negative sepsis and DIC during pregnancy. The importance of blood cultures and agglutinins for Brucella in febrile pregnant patients is re-emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

An analysis of the factors associated with respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants whose mothers had been given dexamethasone therapy.

The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in 259 premature infants whose 218 mothers had received antepartum dexamethasone therapy was 8.9 per cent. The main characteristics of those infants who developed RDS were a shorter gestational age and a lower Apgar score at delivery; all were delivered before 35 weeks gestation, and those with Apgar scores below 7 had a significantly higher incidence of RDS. The incidence of RDS in vaginal breech deliveries (15.4 per cent), Caesarean sections (14.6 per cent), and multiple births (16.0 per cent) was higher than in vaginal vertex deliveries (6.8 percent), and in singletons (6.0 per cent). The use of isoxsuprine and the length of time membranes were ruptured before delivery were unrelated to the incidence of RDS. The results of this study suggest that while maternal glucocorticoid administratioin is an important ancillary to the prevention of RDS in premature infants it cannot substitute for optimal delivery conditions.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1980

Metabolic effects of intravenous ritodrine infusion in pregnancy.

The effects of intravenous administration of Ritodrine on blood glucose, insulin, electrolytes, plasma and red cell potassium and venous pH were investigated. A highly significant increase in blood glucose and insulin occured. A highly significant negative correlation between serum and red cell potassium concentration was registered (r = -0.96268). No signficant changes during Ritodrine infusion were recorded in serum levels of sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. The pH did not seem to be influenced by intravenous Ritodrine administration. No cardiac arrhythmias or electrocardiographic deteriorations occurred. While intravenous Ritodrine administration seems to be safe in normal pregnancies, a risk may be present in diabetic and digitalized patients, and pregnant women being treated by diuretics.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Controlled sodium bicarbonate infusion and maternal acid--base balance during labor.

The effects of a controlled sodium bicarbonate (S.B.) infusion on the acid-base balance of primiparas in normal labor and delivery were studied and compared to a similar control group of primiparas without S.B. infusion. Beginning at 6 cm cervical dilatation. 2mEq of S.B./kg of total body weight were infused to patients in the study until full cervical dilatation. The dosage given to this group emerged from a study of base deficit dynamics and space distribution of S.B. in a control group of patients during labor and delivery. Significant variations in pH, base excess, and plasma bicarbonate were observed, beginning 44 +/- 19 minutes after the S.B. infusion. These variations in acid-base parameters persisted for 10 minutes following delivery. While no adverse effects were observed in our patients, this experimental design represents a preliminary approach toward correcting deleterious fetal acid-base variations during labor and delivery.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗