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Biomedical subjects

E Carter

Publications and source records attributed to E Carter.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Nutrients supplied by food groups in diets of teenaged girls.

Sources of nutrients were determined in diets of teenaged girls, a group generally thought to be at nutritional risk. This study of Southern adolescent girls of two races examines intakes of energy, energy-yielding nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and other components of various food groups. Effects of race, age, place of residence, and per capita income on nutrients furnished by food groups were determined from two 24-hour dietary recalls from each of 1,195 girls, aged 12, 14, or 16. Of the food groups examined, foods of low nutrient density provided the most energy, fat, and carbohydrate. The meat group provided the most protein. Dairy products, which supplied the largest amounts of six vitamins and minerals of any food group, were used less by black, rural, or older teenagers than by white, urban, or younger girls. Blacks obtained more vitamin A from vegetables and more thiamin from meat than whites. Amounts of meat, starchy, and low-nutrient-density subgroups also varied with race, age, and/or place of residence. As income increased, consumption of starches (especially breakfast cereals) and eggs decreased and that of fruit increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The management of fractures of the facial skeleton.

In the successful treatment of maxillo-facial injuries, the assessment of the damage sustained, the surgical management and post-operative follow-up will always remain the concern of a number of medical disciplines and therefore early consultation between various specialities is to be encouraged to ensure the best result for the patient. Of paramount importance in dentistry. Emphasis has not been placed on the psychological problems relating to various degrees of loss of body image which must accompany every severe facial injury nor to the value of the specialized care provided by dietary consultants and nursing personnel. Respect for the abilities of allied professions and early involvement of all in an inter-disciplinary team approach eliminates many management problems. This survey clearly indicates that no one specialist, regardless of whether he be dental or medical, should work alone but rather should work in willing cooperation with others. Post-operative occlusal problems can be avoided if the dental team is consulted early; in-patient management can be trouble-free if treatment planning is coordinated and based on the individual needs of the patient, not those of an individual specialist. Thus the dental surgeon must clearly understand the problems which may be encountered by other disciplines involved in the total management of the patient. The opinions expressed herein are based upon first hand experience. They may be of interest and value to clinicians called upon to manage patients with maxillo-facial injuries and stimulate thought and discussion concerning this important field of clinical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

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Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Irritable bowel syndrome. A survey of nurses' knowledge.

Nurses in a variety of clinical settings are often involved in educating and managing patients with irritable bowel syndrome, though their knowledge and perceptions of irritable bowel syndrome are not well known. A national survey was undertaken as a part of a larger study of patients and healthcare providers to determine nurses' knowledge of irritable bowel syndrome, including diagnosis, etiology, disease impact, management, beliefs, and attitudes regarding irritable bowel syndrome. In addition, the nurses' perceptions of the effect of irritable bowel syndrome on the patient's lifestyle and the severity of symptoms were compared to those of irritable bowel syndrome patients. One hundred practicing registered nurses were randomly selected and then interviewed by telephone using a questionnaire. A random-digit dialing method was used to identify and recruit 1,014 women with irritable bowel syndrome. The majority of registered nurses interviewed (75%) felt that nurses played a moderate-to-major role in counseling patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Only 13%, however, were aware of the diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome. The majority of nurse subjects felt the current therapies for irritable bowel syndrome had limited effectiveness varying from 6-21% depending on the symptom being treated. Almost half of the nurses felt they had an important role in management of irritable bowel syndrome and that both they and their patients needed more education about irritable bowel syndrome. There was close agreement between the nurses and the patients with regard to the impact of irritable bowel syndrome. With increased public attention on irritable bowel syndrome as a common problem affecting women, there is a need for nurses working in a variety of settings to have increased knowledge regarding the syndrome. In this article, recommendations are made regarding how to increase nurses' knowledge about this common health problem.

Colonic Diseases, Functional↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Educational preparation: specialist practice in continence care.

Contributing factors to effective continence service provision include funding, organization, and expert knowledge among the individuals providing care. Expert knowledge can be gained through clinical experience and appropriate ongoing education. It has been widely reported that undergraduate education in this area for nurses, doctors and physiotherapists is limited (Brocklehurst, 1990; Swaffield, 1994; Laycock, 1995). Many nurses providing continence care have accumulated knowledge through experience and trial and error. Little is known about the effectiveness of advanced postgraduate education of 'experts' in continence care. This article outlines a continence education module developed to prepare a specialist group of nurses to provide a high standard of continence care that is both safe and effective in a clinical environment. This module was designed and evaluated specifically as part of the Leicestershire Medical Research Council (MRC) Incontinence Study. Changes in continence knowledge, attitudes to research, and acceptability of the module have been explored. When setting up a new nurse-led continence service, it is of great importance to systematically detail the components of the educational preparation of the nurses providing the service. Open discussion of any problems in the design and implementation of this module may inform future modules in this and other areas.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗