Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Carlsson

Publications and source records attributed to E Carlsson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Detection of patent coronary bypass grafts by computed tomography. A preliminary report.

Twenty-three coronary bypass graft patients were evaluated by a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) technique to determine graft patency. Four to six 4.8-second sequenced scans with a 1-second interscan interval were obtained in each patient during the hand injection of 25-30 ml of contrast medium in a peripheral vein. Patency of grafts was determined by a characteristic contrast enhancement. The CT technique correlated with angiographic assessment of graft patency in 59 of 62 grafts (95%). We conclude that this relatively noninvasive technique shows promise as a method for determining coronary bypass graft patency.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Experience with computed transmission tomography of the heart in vivo].

Cardiac computed tomography in its present form provides useful information about the heart for clinical use in patients with heart disease and for investigative work in such patients and living animals. Its great reconstructive power and unmatched density resolution are particularly advantageous in the study of ischemic heart disease. Because of its non-invasive character cardiac computed tomography has the potential of becoming an effective screening tool for large numbers of patients with suspected or known coronary heart disease. Other cardiac conditions such as valve disease and congenital lesions can also be examined with high diagnostic yield. However presently available scanners suffer from low repetion rate, long scan times and the fact that only one transverse cardiac level at a time can be obtained. The development which must be accomplished in order to eliminate these weaknesses is technically feasible. The availability of a dynamic cardiac scanner would greatly benefit the treatment of patients with heart disease and facilitate the inquiry into the pathophysiology of such diseases.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1979

Beta-adrenoceptor blockade by atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol in the anaesthetized cat.

The inhibitory effects of atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol on isoprenaline-induced tachycardia, broncho-relaxation and vasodilatation were investigated in the reserpinized and anaesthetized cat. In low doses all three antagonists inhibited the heart rate response to isoprenaline, the order of potency being propranolol greater than metoprolol greater than atenolol. While propranolol inhibited the bronchodilation and vasodilation responses to isoprenaline in the same dose range as it blocked the heart rate response, atenolol and metoprolol had to be given in considerably higher doses to block these effects. The results indicate that both metoprolol and atenolol, in contrast to propranolol, are selective beta1-adrenoceptor antagonist. No statistically significant difference in the degree of selectivity was found between metoprolol and atenolol. The three compounds were devoid of intrinsic beta-mimetic activity.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1979

Gated cardiac scanning: canine studies.

Retrospective electrocardiograph gating of data from a rotating detector fan beam computed tomography system was employed to produce end systolic and end diastolic images of the beating heart in a series of normal and experimentally infarcted canines. The gating window was typically less than 20% of the cardiac cycle, and the gated images showed superior spatial resolution compared with ungated images of the same cross section. Comparison of the scans of the normal and of the infarcted animals shows abnormal contrast enhancement of the myocardium in the region of the infarct, and the gating studies demonstrate dyskinetic behavior of the infarct zone.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Left ventricular volume from paired biplane two-dimensional echocardiography.

To evaluate the applicability of two-dimensional echocardiography to left ventricular volume determination, 30 consecutive patients undergoing biplane left ventricular cineangiography were studied with a wide-angle (84 degrees), phased-array, two-dimensional echocardiographic system. Two echographic projections were used to obtain paired, biplane, tomographic images of the left ventricle. We used the short-axis view (from the precordial window) as an anolog of the left anterior oblique angiogram, and the long-axis, two-chamber view (from the apex impulse window) as a right anterior oblique angiographic equivalent. A modified Simpson's rule formula was used to calculate systolic and diastolic left ventricular volumes from the biplane echogram and the biplane angiogram. These methods correlated well for ejection fraction (r = 0.87) and systolic volume (r = 0.90), but only modestly for diastolic volume (r = 0.80). These correlations are noteworthy because 65% of the patients had significant segmental wall motion abnormalities. The volumes determined from the minor-axis dimensions of M-mode echograms in 23 of the same patients correlated poorly with angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pulmonary systemic flow ratios in atrial septal defect assessed by ventricular volume measurements.

Twenty-eight patients with isolated secundum atrial septal defects were examined with right and left heart catheterization and cardioangiography. The radiographically assessed pulmonary-systemic stroke volume ratios and the physiologically determined pulmonary-systemic flow ratios correlated well. However, some striking discrepancies were observed the possible causes of which are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Tantalum labelling in vivo of cardiac ventricular chambers in dogs.

Demarcating fixed points in cardiac ventricles in the dog by catheter placement of tantalum coils has been shown to provide an excellent physiologic model. A new method emplying direct ventricular puncture has been developed for implanting these markers. The method has several advantages over an earlier peripheral catheter technique. Apical approach allows easier screw placement near the aortic and pulmonary valves. Peripheral vessels are left intact and pressure monitoring as well as contrast medium injection can be performed through the same catheter.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The measurement of pulmonic valve area by angiocardiographic and hemodynamic methods.

The validity of angiocardiographic measurements in assessing the severity of pulmonic valve stenosis was determined. The pulmonic valve orifice area was measured in the lateral projection on cineangiocardiographic films in 24 patients with valvar pulmonic stenosis. The valve orifice area was also obtained in the same patients by the Gorlin and Bache formulae. The right ventricular output value required for insertion in these formulae was obtained by angiocardiographic right ventricular volume measurement and by the Fick method. The correlation between the directly measured valve orifice area and the area calculated using the Fick principle and the Bache formula was 0.80. The substitution of angiocardiographically measured right ventricular stroke volume for the Fick value gave a correlation of 0.82. The results support validity of employing direct angiocardiographic measurements of pulmonic valve orifice area and angiocardiographic right ventricular volume measurements for quantitative assessment of the severity of pulmonic valve stenosis. The angiocardiographic methods thus represent an alternative to the Fick technique which can be used in conditions where the Fick method cannot be expected to give valid results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Measurement of left ventricular cast volume by computed tomography.

Angiocardiographic methods available for cardiac-chamber volume measurements are neither consistently accurate nor precise. To explore the capability of computed tomography for left ventricular volume measurement, Silastic casts of 24 normal human left ventricles were measured by a displacement method, a conventional angiocardiographic biplane volume method, and computed tomography. The displacement method used degassing to remove air trapped in the casts; displacement was measured by Archimedes' principle. Cast volumes measured by biplane methods displayed spread around the regression line, caused by the chamber's irregular shape and its variations in orientation. Computed tomographic measurements were independent of chamber orientation and significantly more accurate.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1978

Angiographic features of carcinoid heart disease.

Cineangiocardiograms from 2 patients with carcinoid syndrome and cardiac involvement were reviewed. Gross and microscopic pathology specimens were available for 1 case. Both patients exhibited tricuspid valvar stenosis and insufficiency. The area of the pulmonic valve was similar in both with narrowing of the annulus and tapering toward the valve of the proximal pulmonary artery and the subvalvar right ventricular outflow tract, producing an hourglass appearance, which the authors feel is characteristic of this disease.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1978

Displacement of left ventricle in atrial septal defect.

Catheterization and biplane cineangiography were performed in 28 patients with atrial septal defect. The left and right ventricular volume in end-systole and end-diastole were estimated with a computed method. The relation between the left and right stroke volume ratio and the posterior displacement of the left ventricle was analysed. A statistically highly significant positive correlation between the angle of the long axis of the left ventricle and the shunt was established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Piracetam and chlormethiazole in acute alcohol withdrawal: a controlled clinical trial.

Sixty in-patient alcoholics, presenting with an alcohol withdrawal syndrome after at least one week's drinking bout, were randomly allocated to fixed dose regimens of either piracetam or chlormethiazole in a one-week double-blind trial. The patients were studied in respect to physical and biochemical parameters as well as symptom reduction and side-effects. The battery of rating scales demonstrated a good symptom reduction in both drug groups. On the whole a small tendency to more symptom items being reduced on piracetam in comparison with chlormethiazole was found. But the tree items, sleep disturbances, decreased libido at the initial phase, and the staff's assessment showed statistically significant differences in favour of chlormethiazole. This study demonstrated that piracetam was just as efficient as chlormethiazole in patients not requiring sedation.

Adult↗