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Biomedical subjects

E Campo

Publications and source records attributed to E Campo.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Are there diagnostic histologic features of porphyria cutanea tarda in liver biopsy specimens?

In a blind review of 485 consecutive liver biopsy specimens, 16 from patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) and 469 from patients with other diseases, we have evaluated the frequency of the following features: a) needle-shaped cytoplasmic inclusions in liver cells, b) lobular aggregates of histiocytes laden with ceroid and iron, and c) the simultaneous presence of portal inflammation, hemosiderosis and fatty change, in order to ascertain their usefulness in the diagnosis of PCT. Cytoplasmic inclusions and lobular aggregates of macrophages were only found in two specimens, both of them from patients with PCT. The simultaneous presence of portal inflammation, hemosiderin and fat was found in nine patients (56%) with PCT and in nine (1.9%) of those without PCT. The localization of hemosiderin deposits differed between the two groups, being observed in periportal hepatocytes in cases with PCT, whilst it was predominantly found in Kupffer cells with a diffuse lobular distribution in cases without PCT. Thus, the finding in a liver biopsy specimen of hemosiderin in periportal hepatocytes, fatty changes and portal inflammation should alert one to the possible diagnosis of PCT and encourage the utilization of tests to confirm this diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical analysis of the immune reaction in the nervous system in paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis.

We examined frozen sections of frontal cortex, medulla, and dorsal root ganglia from a patient with small-cell lung cancer and paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis, involving the medulla and dorsal root ganglia, with a panel of antibodies reactive for IgG, IgM, C3, B cells, T cells, T cell subsets, macrophages, and class I and II (HLA-DR) major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. We detected an antineuronal antibody (anti-Hu) in the serum and CSF of the patient and found deposits of IgG in the periphery of some neurons in dorsal root ganglia. The infiltrates were almost exclusively T cells with a predominance of CD8-positive cells. Neurons did not express class I or II MHC antigens. Satellite cells in the dorsal root ganglia from the patient and controls were HLA-DR-positive. These data indicate that CD8-positive T cells predominate in the inflammatory infiltrates of paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis. IgG deposits may be relevant in the damage of the sensory neurons.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Acute T-cell lymphoproliferative syndromes. A study of 29 cases].

The clinical and hematological profile, the response to therapy and the clinical evolution of 29 patients with acute T lymphoproliferative syndromes (ATLS) diagnosed during the last 5 years were evaluated. Mean age was 22.6 (SD 9.5) years. 24 patients were males and 5 females. Lymphadenopathy was present in 25 patients, hepatomegaly in 16 and splenomegaly in 14. Seventeen patients had a mediastinal mass. Anemia was present in 41% of patients and thrombocytopenia in 50%. The mean leukocyte count was 71 x 10(9)/l (SD 93). Bone marrow infiltration was found in 25 patients. The acid phosphatase reaction was positive, centrosomal type, in all cases except two. The immunophenotypic study classified the ATLS patients in the subtypes pre-T (10 cases), cortical thymic (15 cases), and mature thymic (4 patients). The cases with pre-T phenotype had a greater degree of bone marrow infiltration and lower frequency of mediastinal mass than the rest of patients. The rate of complete remissions (CR) was 83%. At the time of closing the study 12 patients had relapsed, with a median time of CR of 9.4 months. In addition, 11 patients had died, with a median survival of the series of 19 months. The results of the present study indicate that, despite some heterogeneity, those cases of ATLS with a more immature immunological phenotype (pre-T) have clinical and biological features more akin to acute leukemia, unlike those with a thymic phenotype (cortical or mature), which would be closer to lymphoblastic lymphoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Placental proteins in high-grade urothelial neoplasms. An immunohistochemical study of human chorionic gonadotropin, human placental lactogen, and pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein.

We examined the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in 16 low-grade and 47 high-grade urothelial neoplasms, including two cases with trophoblastic-like differentiation. In HCG-positive tumors, the presence of human placental lactogen (HPL) and pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein (SP-1) also was assessed. HCG immunoreactive cells were found in nine of the 47 high-grade tumors (19%), whereas none of the low-grade tumors were positive for HCG. This hormone was predominantly detected in the most undifferentiated and pleomorphic areas; however, HCG-positive cells also were found in areas of carcinoma in situ and well-differentiated transitional cell carcinoma in two cases. The serum HCG level was increased in two of the four cases studied. HPL and SP-1 immunoreactive cells were observed in seven and five cases, respectively, and it was found that tumors positive for SP-1 also were positive for HPL. Five tumors, including the two with trophoblastic differentiation, contained the three placental proteins. The HPL and SP-1 immunostained cells were usually found in the same areas of the tumor that were positive for HCG, but there was always a lower number of HPL and SP-1 immunoreactive cells than HCG immunoreactive cells. In one case, HPL and SP-1 could be found in areas of well-differentiated transitional cell carcinoma. These findings suggest that the morphologic and functional trophoblastic differentiation in urothelial carcinomas is a progressive phenomenon evolving from transitional cell carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with splenic granulomatous reaction].

A 44-year old female had centrofollicular stage IV non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with splenic and bone marrow infiltration. The histological study of the spleen showed abundant nodes, some of them predominantly lymphoid and others consisting of epithelioid granulomas. With double labelling immunohistochemical techniques three types of nodes were observed: neoplastic lymphoid ones, surrounded by histiocytic cells, others also lymphoid with histiocyte infiltration, and, finally, others constituted by epithelioid granulomas. This suggests an evolution from the tumoral lymphoid nodule to the epithelioid granuloma, which may be caused by a defensive phenomenon against lymphomatous proliferation. The major importance of the recognition of this histological pattern lies in that it may obscure the diagnosis of lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[High-degree malignancy non-Hodgkin's lymphoma simulating a disseminated carcinoma. Presentation of 2 cases].

Highly malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas (HM-NHL) may sometimes develop clinical features simulating an epithelial carcinoma with metastatic dissemination. Conventional histopathological study may be insufficient to differentiate between both conditions. Two patients with HM-NHL are reported with a rapid general deterioration; one of them had osteolysis and hypercalcemia. In both cases a diffuse bone marrow infiltration by large sized cells with blastic appearance was found. The initial suspected diagnosis was occult epithelial neoplasia with metastatic dissemination. The morphological study with optic microscopy and the ultrastructural analysis did not establish the origin of these cells. The definitive diagnosis was obtained by immunohistochemical techniques. In both cases, the cells were positive for the CD 45 (common leukocyte antigen) monoclonal antibody (MoAb), and for several MoAbs of lymphoid B differentiation. In one of them, the B lymphoid lineage was confirmed by monoclonal reordering of the gene that synthetises the immunoglobulin heavy chain.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Malignant lymphomas (non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease) associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. Study of 9 cases].

Six cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and three of Hodgkin's disease in patients carrying antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus are reported. Mean age was 30.6 years (SD: 6). From the patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, three were homosexual and three were parenteral drug users. The three patients with Hodgkin's disease were parenteral drug users. The primary features of the patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were: degree of malignity intermediate (three patients) or high (three patients), initial extralymphatic involvement (five patients) and advanced stages (IIIA one patient, and IVB four patients). In turn, the patients with Hodgkin's disease presented the following histopathologic varieties: mixed cellularity (two cases) and lymphocytic depletion (one case); advanced stage (III two cases and IV one case) and B symptoms. We wish to emphasize the necessity of determining the existence of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus in all patients with Hodgkin's disease or non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with high degree of malignity and extralymphatic involvement. In patients with antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus who present a marked impairment of general condition and/or changes in the clinical features of their adenopathies, the development of a lymphoma must be ruled out.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Regional distribution of glycoconjugates in normal, transitional and neoplastic human colonic mucosa. A histochemical study using lectins.

Regional distribution of glycoconjugates in normal and neoplastic colonic mucosa was studied by means of eight lectins: Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Glycine max (SBA), Triticum vulgare (WGA), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Griffonia simplicifolia-I (GS-I), Canavalia ensiformis (Con A), Limax flavus (LFA), and Ulex europaeus-I (UEA-I). The lectin binding patterns were examined in 40 normal colonic mucosa (NM) (12 proximal (P) and 28 distal (D], 38 carcinomas (15 P and 23 D), and 31 transitional mucosa (TM) (9 P and 22 D). Sections of NM located 5 cm and 10 cm distant from the tumour and sections from the resection margins (more than 10 cm from the tumour) of the surgical specimens were also studied in 19 cases (6 P and 13 D). In NM, regional differences between the proximal and distal colon were detected with most lectins. DBA, SBA and LFA bound mainly to the goblet cell mucin of the distal colon, while GS-I and UEA-I labelling predominated in proximal colonic mucosa. The lectin reactivity in carcinomas was: DBA 26%, SBA 63%, PNA 95%, GS-I 66%, UEA-I 76%, WGA 100%, Con A 92% and LFA 42%. No regional differences were observed in the lectin patterns of proximal and distal colonic carcinomas nor was any relationship detected between lectin reactivities and Dukes stage, size or histological type of tumours. Transitional mucosa of both the proximal and distal colon showed an increase in PNA-binding and loss of DBA and SBA. LFA and UEA-I reactivity in proximal TM was similar to that observed in proximal NM. Distal TM showed a decrease in LFA labelling and the appearance of UEA-I reactivity in goblet cell mucin in 5 cases (23%). The reactivity of the other lectins was as with NM. The only change in normal mucosa distant from tumours was a focal increase in PNA reactivity in 4 cases. These findings suggest that carcinomas from different colonic regions have a more uniform distribution of carbohydrates than the respective NM.

Colon↗
PubMed1989

[Ki-1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A multihospital study of 21 cases].

The Ki-1 monoclonal antibody recognizes a specific membrane antigen of activated lymphoid cells and stains large-cell non Hodgkin's lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease. Thus, it is widely used in the diagnosis of anaplastic lymphomas. Morphologically, the Ki-1 monoclonal non Hodgkin's lymphoma are diffuse of multifocal either classical or cell anaplastic type. The clinical behaviour is similar to the rest of the high grade lymphomas, disseminated at diagnosis but may reach remission after aggressive chemotherapy. The immunophenotype showed T, B or null nature of the latter. The clinical and pathological results of our study carried out in a group of 21 cases ki-1 positive lymphomas is herewith reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Lectin-binding sites in neoplastic and non-neoplastic colonic mucosa of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated rats.

Qualitative changes of glycoconjugates in luminal surface and goblet cell mucin from colon mucosa of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated rats were studied. Eight fluoresceinated lectins were used: Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Glycine max (SBA), Triticum vulgare (WGA), Limax flavus (LFA), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Griffonia simplicifolia-I (GS-I), Ulex europaeus-I (UEA-I) and Canavalia ensiformis (Con A). The lectin-binding patterns were studied in tumors arising in proximal and distal portions of the colon, in transitional mucosa (TM) and in mucosa distant from tumors. Lectin reactivity observed in mucosa of DMH-treated rats was compared with that obtained in colon mucosa of control rats. In tumors and non-neoplastic mucosa of DMH-treated rats the reactivity of DBA, SBA, WGA, LFA, GS-I and Con A were similar to that in the mucosa of control rats. In contrast, important changes were observed in the reactivity of UEA-I and PNA. Contrary to the staining in the control mucosa, UEA-I bound intensely to all carcinomas and PNA to 50% and 60% of carcinomas arising in proximal and distal colon, respectively. Moreover, in TM and mucosa distant from tumors, UEA-I and PNA also differed in their binding patterns to that obtained in the colonic mucosa of the control rats. UEA-I- and PNA-binding to luminal surface and UEA-I-binding to the mucin of distal colonic mucosa from DMH-treated rats was similar to that observed in rat fetal colon suggesting a reappearance of a fetal-type pattern. Contrarily, PNA-reactivity in goblet cell and carcinoma mucin is a unique feature of colonic carcinogenesis not present during fetal development.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical analysis of lymphoid and macrophage cell subsets and their immunologic activation markers in temporal arteritis. Influence of corticosteroid treatment.

To determine the phenotype of infiltrating mononuclear cells in patients with temporal arteritis (TA), we performed immunohistochemical studies on temporal artery biopsy specimens from 24 patients with biopsy-proven TA. Interdigitating reticulum cells (IRC) were observed in 41% of the patients; disease duration was significantly shorter in these patients than in patients lacking IRC (mean 1.5 months versus 3.8 months). Infiltrating cells consisted predominantly of HLA-DR-expressing macrophages and T lymphocytes, especially of the CD4 subset. There were few B cells and no K cells. No relationship between cellular distribution and disease duration or treatment was found. Interleukin-2 receptor expression was observed in 87.5% of biopsy specimens obtained prior to or within the first 4 days of treatment with prednisone, but in only 14% of specimens obtained later. The presence of IRC in patients with TA suggests an autoimmune reaction directed against an antigenic substance that resides in the arterial wall and is presented and processed in situ. DR-expressing macrophages activated by CD4+ T lymphocytes may contribute to arterial damage in TA. Corticosteroids do not modify cellular distribution but induce important functional changes, as demonstrated by the disappearance of interleukin-2 receptor expression in patients treated for more than 4 days.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Distribution and changes of glycoconjugates in rat colonic mucosa during development. A histochemical study using lectins.

A study was made of the modifications of glycoconjugates in rat colonic mucosa during development. Sections of the caecum, and proximal and distal portions of the colon from Sprague Dawley rats at different stages of development (embryos, fetuses, suckling, weaning and adult rats) were examined. The sections were incubated with a battery of eight fluoresceinated lectins: DBA, SBA, WGA, LFA, PNA, GS-I, UEA-I and Con A. Some sections were treated with neuraminidase, and others were submitted to sequential saponification-neuraminidase treatment prior to incubation with the lectin (WGA, PNA or LFA). The intensity of the fluorescence was evaluated and graded from absent (-) to very positive (4+). Gradual and progressive changes were seen in colonic glycoconjugates during development. These changes revealed a unique developmental pattern for each lectin, which was independent for each cellular compartment (goblet cells, luminal surface and supranuclear region). Local and regional differences, observed between the different colonic sections, were already present from early stages of development. Moreover, our study showed that for several glycoconjugates, the differentiation process in colonic mucosa began in the distal region and continued through to the proximal region, the former being the first to reach the adult pattern. In the caecum, some lectins maintained a fetal pattern throughout all the periods of development up to the adult stage.

Animals↗