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Biomedical subjects

E C Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to E C Nelson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cytotoxic chemotherapy and androgen priming in patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate. A phase II trial of the Piedmont Oncology Association.

Twenty-three patients with advanced prostatic cancer refractory to hormonal therapy were entered into a phase II study of cytotoxic chemotherapy combined with androgen priming. Patients received vincristine 0.5 mg on day 1; fluoxymesterone 10 mg p.o. TID, days 1-5; methotrexate 4 mg/m2 p.o., days 1-7; and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 I.V., day 8. Patients entered had no prior chemotherapy, most were symptomatic but ambulatory (18/23), and almost all had bone metastases (22/23). There were two stable responses and 14 progressions in 16 patients evaluable for response. Hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicities were substantial. Androgen priming was an unsatisfactory method of improving response in this trial.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Health counseling: two strategies.

The techniques of individual health counseling are important components of patient education. Two strategies--the use of information, and the arousal of fear by warning about risks--are discussed in detail. These strategies, when applied according to the specific needs of the patient and the clinical situation, can be successfully incorporated with other patient education techniques to change patients' health behavior. The Clip & Carry offers guidelines for the use of these two strategies in counseling patients.

Counseling↗
PubMed1985

Metabolism of all-trans-retinoic acid in rat testis.

The metabolism of all-trans-[15-14C]retinoic acid in vitamin A-adequate or vitamin A-deficient rats fed retinoic acid was studied following intratesticular injection. Analysis of testicular metabolites by HPLC at 1, 6, and 24 h demonstrated that the retinoic acid was isomerized to 13-cis-retinoic acid and metabolized to polar metabolites in both groups of rats at all time periods. However, polar metabolites predominated in the testes of the vitamin A-deficient rats. At 24 h the total radioactivity remaining in the testis was much lower in the testes of vitamin A-deficient rats than in normal animals suggesting a faster rate of metabolism of all-trans-retinoic acid in these rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The effect of retinol deficiency on the metabolism of all-trans-retinyl acetate in rat testes.

Following intratesticular injection, the metabolism of all-trans-[11-3H] retinyl acetate was studied in rats fed a vitamin A-deficient diet supplemented either with retinyl palmitate (-A + RP) or retinoic acid (-A + RA). Analysis of testicular metabolites by HPLC at 6 h and 24 h demonstrated the hydrolysis of retinyl acetate to retinol, esterification of retinol to retinyl palmitate and the formation of trace amounts of retinoic acid and other metabolites in both groups of rats. Eight and nine metabolite peaks were present in the -A + RP and -A + RA groups, respectively. The HPLC profile was similar in both groups of rats but the amounts of metabolites differed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Locating community residents with chronic airway obstruction. A comparison of four strategies.

In the course of establishing and evaluating a patient education program, we compared 4 strategies for locating patients with chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD): (1) search of hospital discharge records (HOSP), (2) referral by physicians (MD), (3) an advertising campaign (AD), and (4) a respiratory symptom questionnaire mailed to households (QUEST). Of 1,834 persons assessed, 923 (50%) had airway obstruction; 43% of the confirmed cases (396 of 923) reported no previous diagnosis of COAD. The HOSP strategy accounted for 75 assessments (4%) and 63 confirmed cases (7%), MD produced 352 assessments (19%) and 247 cases (27%), AD generated 475 assessments (26%) and 204 cases (22%), and QUEST resulted in 932 assessments (51%) and 409 cases (44%); MD was the least expensive strategy ($17.00/case). The mailed questionnaire located the largest number of cases not previously diagnosed.

Advertising↗
PubMed1984

Medical self-care education for elders: a controlled trial to evaluate impact.

We conducted a trial to evaluate the impact of medical self-care education on 330 elders whose average age was 71. The test group participated in a 13-session educational intervention with training in clinical medicine, life-style, and use of health services. The comparison group received a two-hour lecture-demonstration. Both groups were assessed pre-intervention, post-intervention, and one year after entry. The results indicate medical self-care instruction: produces substantial improvements, that were sustained for one year, in health knowledge, skills performance, and skills confidence; stimulates many attempts to improve life-style; and generates improvements in life quality. The program had little influence on utilization of medical care or health status.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Infrared spectroscopy of retinoids.

The Fourier transform infrared spectra of 15 purified retinoids were compared. Retinoids with conjugated C = O groups revealed the presence of a band between 1730 and 1630 cm-1 X A characteristic of retinoids is the presence of a band between 1650 and 1620 cm-1 due to C = C stretching where three to four conjugated C = O and C = C bonds were present or between 1610 and 1555 cm-1 where more conjugated unsaturations were present. The presence of cis double bonds was confirmed by a band at 1380 cm-1 while unsubstituted trans double bonds gave absorbances at 990 to 955 cm-1. Epoxy rings, which are present in some retinoids, resulted in bands at 1250, 880, and 790 cm-1 while a furan structure was confirmed by bands at 1175, 1083, and 1065 cm-1.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1983

Weight reduction and maintenance for overweight, mentally retarded students, ages 9-17.

The purpose of this study was to determine if overweight, mentally retarded students could safely lose weight and maintain their individual losses through a given time period (6 months). Minor changes in nutrition, and a simple activity program planned by school professionals was used. The program was implemented by school personnel and parents.

Diet, Reducing↗
PubMed1982

Use of an interpractice medical information system to develop a data-based clinical cost-consciousness curriculum in Primary Care settings.

A data-based cost-consciousness curriculum was developed that stresses teaching by community physician preceptors in their own practice settings, using an educational packet that incorporates the teaching practice's own data. The cost awareness program represents an educational application of an interpractice medical information system developed by the Primary Care Cooperative Information Project (COOP Project). This system allows patients to be tracked longitudinally within a practice and enables cross-practice comparisons of process, outcomes, and costs for similar cohorts of patients. Initial experiences during the pilot year suggest that the use of practice-based data by physician preceptors is a sound strategy, giving the preceptors flexibility in tailoring their approach to specific teaching/learning situations. Student and preceptor reaction was generally positive. Cost issues are threatening to physicians and it is appropriate to design educational strategies which allow physician preceptors to articulate their perspectives. As role models for medical students, preceptors are in an excellent position to influence physicians in training to be more cost conscious as physicians.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1981

The cooperative information project: Part 2: some initial clinical, quality assurance, and practice management studies.

Many of the obstacles inherent in the conduct of primary care research have been overcome by an experimental program in northern New England, the Primary Care Cooperative Information Project. This project uses a medical information network in 44 rural medical practices to carry out both clinical and management research. This paper describes the developmental problems encountered and the results of some initial clinical, quality assurance, and practice management studies conducted by the network and presents observations on its future research directions.

Adolescent↗