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Biomedical subjects

E C Lynch

Publications and source records attributed to E C Lynch.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Acute renal failure in patients with acute leukemia.

Acute renal failure may be a contributory cause of death in patients with acute leukemia. The purpose of this study was to define the causes and course of acute renal failure in group of patients with acute leukemia in order to identify preventive measures and reversible aspects of the renal insufficiency. Among 88 patients with acute leukemia whose courses were followed to the time of death, ten developed acute renal failure. Etiologic factors of the renal failure were uric acid nephropathy, sepsis with complicating hypotension and hypovolemia, and the administration of nephrotoxic antibiotics. In one patient ureteral obstruction from clots was responsible for renal failure, while in another patient disseminated aspergillosis led to renal failure. Other causes of acute renal failure in persons with acute leukemia, but not observed in this patient group, are hypercalcemia and leukemic infiltration of the kidneys.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Forty-one variables following thoracotomy in calves.

Seven calves underwent thoracotomy to study the response of 41 physiologic variables over a 14 day post-operative period for comparison to a recent series of left ventricular bypass pump implants. The experimental protocols were identical to the pump implant protocols except that the sham operated animals did not receive antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs and the pumps were not implanted. Of the 41 variables studied, 13 changed significantly during the post-operative period. Heart rate, hematocrit, whole blood hemoglobin, and fibrinogen concentration decreased, while fibrinogen survival, stroke volume, cardiac output, arterial blood pH, pCO2 and pO2, plasma sodium concentration, and urinary excretion rates of sodium and potassium increased from the first or second to the fourteenth post-operative day. Heart rate and hematocrit also decreased in the recent series of 18 animals in which left ventricular bypass pumps were implanted. The decrease in heart rate is toward the unoperated control value as the calves recover from the operative stress. The decrease in hematocrit is probably the result of daily removal of blood for the physiologic studies because there was no evidence of hemorrhage or red blood cell destruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Prednisone-responsive congenital erythroid hypoplasia.

A 24-year-old woman had congenital hypoplastic anemia (Blackfan-Diamond syndrome). Anemia was discovered at the age of 12 months and persisted thereafter. The patient had associated congenital abnormalities of urethral stricture, hypoplastic thumb, and absent radial pulse. Her erythroid hypoplasia responded favorably to treatment with prednisone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Fragility of abnormal erythrocytes evaluated by response to shear stress.

Shear stress is a potential cause of erythrocyte fragmentation and hemolysis in flowing blood. In this study, the response of abnormal human erythrocytes to shear stress in virto was evaluated using a concentric cylinder viscometer. Compared to normal red cells, deoxygenated erythrocytes from persons with sicle cell anemia were particularly susceptible to fragmentation and hemolysis by shear stress. Oxygenation of sicke cell blood improved the resistance of those red cells to shear stress; they remain, however, more susceptible to shear stress than normal erythrocytes. Erythrocytes from patients with iron deficiency, thalassemia minor, and erythrocyte pyruvate kinase deficiency showed fragmentation and hemolysis at threshold shear stresses intermediate between those ovserved for blood from patients with sickle cell anemia and normal persons. Blood samples from patients with hereditary spherocytosis were more resistant to shear stress than normal blood. These results indicate that there are important differences in the response of various red cells to shear stress.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1972

Red blood cell damage by shear stress.

A series of careful studies has been made on blood damage in a rotational viscometer. Specific attention has been focused on the effects of solid surface interaction, centrifugal force, air interface interaction, mixing of sheared and unsheared layers, cell-cell interaction, and viscous heating. The results show that there is a threshold shear stress, 1500 dynes/cm(2), above which extensive cell damage is directly due to shear stress, and the various secondary effects listed above are negligible. By analysis of these results and those of prior workers it is shown that the exposure time-shear stress plane is divided into two distinct regimes. In the regime of relatively low stresses and exposure times there is relatively little damage, and the damage is dominated by solid surface interaction effects. In the other regime, at high stresses and exposure times, stress effects alone dominate and very high rates of hemolysis occur. The experimental findings of all prior workers are shown to be consistent when interpreted in this way.

Centrifugation↗