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Biomedical subjects

E C Klatte

Publications and source records attributed to E C Klatte.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Magnetic resonance imaging of bone marrow disease in children.

Seven children underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the bone marrow: results showed that it is technically feasible to obtain good MR images of marrow in children. MR has detected abnormality in the bone marrow of a child who had metastatic neuroblastoma. The extent of abnormality in the femur correlated well with findings of a bone marrow isotope scan. In one child who had idiopathic aplastic anemia, diseased marrow could not be distinguished from normal marrow on MR images. MRI identified abnormality of the marrow in osteogenic sarcoma, and demonstrated change in response to chemotherapy. It displayed marrow spread of tumor as well as CT. MRI showed marrow abnormality in four children who had leukemia.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1984

Cerebral metastases from lung carcinoma: neurological and CT correlation. Work in progress.

To determine the role of brain CT in neurologically asymptomatic lung cancer patients, a review was made of the CT and clinical findings in 279 patients. Neurological status in these patients was categorized as (a) normal, (b) abnormal with specific signs and symptoms, and (c) abnormal with vague signs and symptoms. Brain metastases were found in 94.5% of patients (69/73) with specific abnormal neurological findings, 26.6% of patients (16/60) with vague neurological signs and symptoms, 11% of patients (10/92) with oat cell carcinoma and a normal neurological examination, and 40% of patients (8/20) with adenocarcinoma and a normal neurological examination. Brain metastasis was not seen on CT in the 29 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and a normal neurological examination. It is concluded that brain CT is useful for the detection of occult brain metastases, particularly oat cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, in neurologically asymptomatic lung cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Assessment of primary gynecologic malignancies: comparison of 0.15-T resistive MRI with CT.

Thirty-eight patients with gynecologic malignancies (ovarian, cervical, and endometrial carcinoma) underwent computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen and pelvis. Results of these studies were compared with each other as well as with clinical staging and surgical findings when possible. CT and MRI correctly staged 64% (nine of 14) of patients with cervical carcinoma. In patients suspected of residual or recurrent disease, CT and MRI were each correct in 75% (15 of 20), four of the errors being due to inability to distinguish inflammation or radiation changes from recurrent tumor. CT and 0.15-T resistive MRI are of equal value in screening for residual or recurrent disease and as an adjunct to clinical staging; further advances in MRI technology may alter this impression.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Wedged Swan-Ganz catheter causing ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Case report and review of the literature.

A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) lung scan in a postoperative patient with a Swan-Ganz catheter showed an area of mismatch suggesting pulmonary embolism. Radiographs, as well as failure to get a venous return from the catheter suggested wedging. A pulmonary angiogram, performed after the Swan-Ganz catheter was pulled back, was essentially normal. An autopsy performed within 24 hours of the lung scan did not reveal pulmonary emboli. Wedged Swan-Ganz catheter was probably responsible for the V/Q mismatch.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1983

Measurement of renin in segmental renal veins of hypertensives.

In 27 of 270 patients studies for possible renovascular hypertension, a lesion affecting a segmental renal artery was seen on angiography. In 22 patients who had sufficient data, the significance of measuring segmental-renal-vein renin in the diagnosis and treatment of segmental disease was evaluated. In 11 (50%), the renin values of segmental vessels supported the clinical diagnosis. In four (36%) of these 11, a high-renin-release area would not have been identified without the stress of upright posture. Successful treatment of hypertension was achieved in six of nine patients who had a revascularization procedure or resection of the segmental vessels. Samples from involved and uninvolved segments of the kidney as well as from the contralateral renal vein and inferior vena cava, together with the stimuli of sodium and volume depletion augmented by upright posture, enabled confirmation of the angiographic diagnosis of segmental-renovascular hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Thrombolytic agents: effects of local infusion on microvascular physiology and macrovascular ultrastructure.

Microvascular responses in live preparations of rat cremaster muscle were studied with intravital light microscopy following infusions of streptokinase, streptokinase-plasminogen complex, or urokinase into the iliac artery. Structural changes occurring in the endothelium of the iliac arteries were documented by electron microscopy. Though no functional microvascular changes were documented, endothelial cell injury and luminal surface fibrin deposits were identified in the iliac arteries locally infused with the thrombolytic agents. In addition, platelets in various stages of activation were identified. It is concluded that the commonly employed thrombolytic agents, urokinase and streptokinase, caused injury to the endothelial cells of our animal model. It is further concluded that platelet activation, due to local endothelial injury or some other mechanism, occurred following local infusion in our animal model. The long-term effects and potential clinical implications of the findings are not known.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Low-dose fibrinolytic therapy. Results and new concepts.

The authors report their experience with the first 57 infusions (50 patients) in an ongoing study of local low-dose fibrinolysis for treatment of thromboembolic disease. Complete lysis occurred in nearly half of cases, while some therapeutic effect was demonstrable in more than two thirds. Success seems to be most directly related to the type of vessel infused, with the greatest success seen in vessels with no alternate pathways for egress of the fibrinolytic agent. Chronic fibrin deposits could also be treated with this technique. Since new thrombus formation occurs in a significant percentage of patients during local fibrinolytic therapy, the authors recommend cautious use of concomitant continuous intravenous heparin at a dosage sufficient to maintain the partial thromboplastin time at 1.5 times normal. While fibrinolytic therapy is usually not curative, it frequently facilitates detection of the underlying lesion, permitting definitive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Digital vascular imaging: practical aspects.

Seventy-five pairs of digital subtraction angiogram images were evaluated for image quality by four independent observers. Each pair of images was derived from two separate injections in the same patient with only a single variable altered between injections, so that patients served as their own controls. The factors studied were contrast material iodine concentration, total volume of contrast material administered per injection, rate of contrast material injection, and catheter position. Observers consistently preferred images obtained following injection of the contrast agent with the higher concentration of iodine, following injection of the greater volume of contrast agent, and with the catheter placed in the superior vena cava rather than the basilic vein. No statistically significant difference in observer preference was found for the other categories studied.

Angiography↗
PubMed1983

Catheter-related thrombosis and fibrinolytic therapy.

Fifty-seven local transcatheter infusions of low doses of fibrinolytic agents for the treatment of occlusive vascular disease were performed in 49 patients. Thrombosis developed around the infusing catheter in 15 (26%) of these cases. Patients with occlusive vascular disease are at increased risk for the development of thrombosis around indwelling catheters because of the low flow state that exists proximal to the occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Angiographic assessment of renal artery pathology: how reliable?

The accuracy of the angiographic interpretation of the histologic type of renal artery stenosis was assessed using a renal pathologist's diagnosis as the "gold standard." The angiograms of 42 renal artery stenoses were interpreted without other information, except age and gender, independently by six angiographers. This assessment indicated that angiography is not an accurate means by which to distinguish between the individual types of fibromuscular disease of the renal artery. However, it is a fairly accurate means by which to distinguish fibromuscular disease in general from atherosclerosis of the renal artery, 207 (82%) correct interpretations of 252. In addition, in the presence of renal artery stenosis, the absence of abdominal aortic atherosclerosis on angiography is an excellent predictor of fibromuscular renal artery disease, 17 (94%) of 18 specimens. Likewise, in the presence of a renal artery stenosis, angiographically demonstrable abdominal aortic atherosclerosis is a fair predictor of atherosclerotic renal artery disease, 16 (76%) of 21 specimens.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Emergency room radiography of asthma: an efficacy study.

The chest radiographs of asthmatic patients in an emergency room setting over a four-year period were reviewed. A total of 997 radiographs was reviewed; radiographic findings were compared with history and clinical data. In adults 2.2% of the radiographs were abnormal; in children 13%. It is concluded that a chest radiograph in adults in unnecessary unless the patient is unresponsive to bronchodilators and is being admitted to the hospital. In children, however, if rales and rhonchi are present, in addition to wheezing, a chest radiograph may be useful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Contrast extravasation through Dacron grafts: a sequela of low-dose streptokinase therapy.

Local transcatheter administration of low-dose streptokinase for the treatment of thrombosed Dacron grafts was performed in four patients. Angiography after the infusion revealed extravasation of contrast material through the interstices of the graft. In each case the graft material was knitted Dacron, Surgically placed 1 month to 6 years before infusion with streptokinase. The fibrinolytic activity of streptokinase is likely responsible for lysis of the fibrin in the interstices of the graft with resultant extravasation of contrast material.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Renal tumor infarction with absolute ethanol.

Sixteen renal tumors were infarcted with intraarterial absolute ethanol. Renal tumor infarction was performed for one of three indications: for palliation of symptoms in patients with metastatic disease, as a preoperative measure to reduce blood loss during radical nephrectomy, or as a primary therapy in selected circumstances. In most cases, absolute ethanol was injected into the main renal artery through a balloon occlusion catheter. In all cases, ethanol produced effective infarction of the renal tumor. Only one complication developed, a perinephric abscess that developed several weeks after the infarction. Results indicate that absolute ethanol is a safe and effective agent for the infarction of renal tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗