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Biomedical subjects

E C Green

Publications and source records attributed to E C Green.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Factors relating to the presence and use of sanitary facilities in rural Swaziland.

Findings related to latrine construction and use in a sample of rural homesteads in Swaziland are summarized from a larger, unpublished sample survey. Anthropological research techniques were also used to gain information on attitudes and beliefs. Pit latrines were found in 21% of the sampled homesteads. The most significant variables in predicting the presence of a latrine were respondent's education and the highest level of education achieved by anyone in the residential unit. Older people and small children were least likely to use a latrine; people with less education were least likely to even have a latrine.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Traditional healers in Swaziland: toward improved cooperation between the traditional and modern health sectors.

The paper describes applied research efforts, requested by the Swaziland Ministry of Health and funded by U.S. AID, aimed at providing an information base for new government policies regarding traditional healers in Swaziland. Information reported relates to: health care manpower in the traditional sector; treatment seeking behavior in a pluralistic medical setting; traditional health beliefs and practices; payment practices; patterns of patient referral; attempts to establish an association of healers; attitudes of healers toward paraprofessional training; and possibilities for specific types of cooperation between modern and traditional health sectors.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patterns of partnership and condom use in two communities of female sex workers in Tanzania.

Two rapid ethnographic studies have found that commercial sex workers (CSWs) and other high-risk women in Tanzania have different categories of partners, ranging from single-time contacts to long and enduring relationships. Since the advent of HIV/AIDS prevention programs in Tanzania in the late 1980s, CSWs and their clients have been aware of the multiple benefits of condom use for the prevention of pregnancy and STDs including HIV. These women often use condoms for the single-time contact. However, since the HIV/AIDS epidemic, casual partners have decreased in number. These days, most of their sexual contacts occur within long-term partnerships, and within these relationships, condom use is rare. Although the message that condoms should be used during high-risk behavior has been largely accepted, the definition of a high-risk relationship needs to be extended from casual partnerships to include multiple long-term partnerships. In addition, men and women's empowerment through education, business, and equal rights needs to be addressed at all levels of society.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A gait-powered autologous battery charging system for artificial organs.

The quality of life of patients relying on electrically powered artificial organs is currently restricted by the limited energy availability provided by portable batteries. As these patients become increasingly ambulatory, and are developing more active lifestyles, this limitation grows more apparent. Coincidentally, these patients may themselves be capable of generating electrical power as a consequence of their physical activity. Extraction of this latent autologous energy could, in turn, be used to augment charging of internal batteries--thus untethering the patient from external power for extended periods of time. In this study, the viability of deriving energy associated with natural human ambulation has been evaluated. The kinematic components of gait were evaluated to identify the largest useful forces and moments that may be harnessed as an energy source, while presenting minimal "perceived" work for the patient. It was found that the ground reaction forces associated with the heel strike and toe-off phases of the gait represent the greatest potential for usable energy. This study uses a piezoelectric array within the midsole of the shoe for the conversion of mechanical to electric energy. This power could then be easily coupled in tandem with existing transcutaneous transformers for augmenting or temporarily replacing external power sources.

Artificial Organs↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Involving healers.

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A consumer intercept study of oral contraceptive users in the Dominican Republic.

Purchasers of a low-cost oral contraceptive were intercepted and interviewed in a sample of Santo Domingo pharmacies that represented the highest sales of the product, yet also reflected the socioeconomic profile of the city's entire population. Users of the contraceptive were later interviewed in greater depth in their homes. The survey of users showed that the Dominican Republic's social marketing program, implemented by PROFAMILIA, was reaching an appropriate target market--that is, younger, lower-middle-class women of low parity. The program was, in addition, successful in attracting first-time adopters, and it was also expanding the overall commercial market for all contraceptives. The marketing campaign was successful in part because a mass audience was reached, through brief television spots. Program impact on contraceptive prevalence can be assessed from sales data.

Adolescent↗