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Biomedical subjects

E Burkhardt

Publications and source records attributed to E Burkhardt.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Cerebrospinal fluid diagnosis of meningeal cryptococcosis].

Cryptococcosis must be taken into account as a cause of basal meningitis. Along with a case report, clinical signs and guiding cerebrospinal fluid findings are evaluated. Special attention is paid to CSF-cytology, which provides important information in terms of identification and clinical course of the disease. For the first time C. neoformans, yielded from CSF-samples, was investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, and compared with yeast cultured in laboratory.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Development of optimal conditions for the stimulation of chicken peripheral blood lymphocytes by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) in the microculture system.

A variety of parameters influencing phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation assays of lymphocytes obtained from chicken peripheral blood have been studied. The parameters examined were PHA preparation and dilution, source and quantity of serum, cell concentration, culture medium, incubation temperature, length of the incubation period, cell separation procedure and individual influence of the blood donors. Optimal stimulation results were obtained using the following conditions: PHA-M in a dilution of 1:15, fetal calf serum (FCS) in a concentration of 4%-10%, a cell concentration of 4 X 10(6) - 1.5 X 10(7) cells/ml, RPMI 1640 Medium or McCoy's 5A Medium, an incubation period of 48 h - 72 h at a temperature of 39 degrees C, and low-speed centrifugation of heparinized blood for lymphocyte collection. The findings of the present study are discussed in the context of results described in the literature.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Monocytic leukemia in a horse.

On clinical examination, a six-year-old Hassian gray gelding with a history of impaired performance, slight cough, colic, and edema of the ventral abdomen, prepuce and the legs had reduced skin turgor, pale mucous membranes, forced costoabdominal breathing, reduced venous return, enlarged lymph nodes, and splenomegaly. Hematologic findings revealed anemia, leukocytosis and a high percentage of monocytoid leukemic cells. Generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, ascites, hydrothorax, and a diffusely thickened gut wall were found at necropsy. Massive infiltration with monocytoid leukemic cells was detected in lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver, gut wall, kidneys, and choroid plexus. Incubation of living cells obtained from a leukocyte concentrate with latex particles revealed phagocytosis in the leukemic cells on light and electron microscopy. The leukemic cells also had a marked alpha-naphthyl-acetate and naphthol-AS-acetate esterase activity, but were only weakly positive to naphthol-AS-D-chloroacetate esterase. A very weak alkaline phosphatase activity only was demonstrated in a few leukemic cells. On scanning electron microscopy, the leukemic cells had prominent ruffles and ridge-like profiles. These features of the leukemic cells excluded lymphocytic and granulocytic leukemia, and monocytic leukemia was diagnosed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

[Hypercalcemia in hospitalized patients. Diagnostic and prognostic aspects].

Over a period of 6 1/2 years hypercalcemia has been diagnosed in 86 patients. In 55.8% of cases a malignant tumor was the cause of the elevated calcium levels, and in 22.1% of cases primary hyperparathyroidism (p.Hp.) was diagnosed. In the remaining 19 patients hypercalcemia was related to renal insufficiency (5 patients), vitamin-D intoxication (4) and thiazide therapy (3), while other, rarer causes were identified in 7 cases. As expected, bronchial and breast carcinomas were most frequent (52%) in the malignancy group. In patients below age 40 malignancy was never responsible for the hypercalcemia, but in patients over 50 malignancy was present in 65%. Of the patients with solid tumors 54.8% had skeletal metastases, while other organ metastases were found in 33.3% of these. The occurrence of a hypercalcemia in patients with malignancy is associated with a poor prognosis since over 60% of the patients died within as little as one month and over 90% within a year after the occurrence of hypercalcemia. Renal function impairment in hypercalcemia was significantly more marked in the patients with malignancy than in patients with p.Hp. and was closely related to the calcium levels. Pharmacological reduction of the blood calcium level produced a distinct improvement in renal function in 70% of the patients treated. The current hypothesis on the pathogenesis of hypercalcemia among carcinoma patients is briefly discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The erythrocytic entry- and exit-mechanism of Aegyptianella pullorum Carpano, 1928.

The erythrocytic entry- and exit-mechanisms of Aegyptianella pullorum were investigated and characterized by scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using for TEM ruthenium red as a marker of the red cell plasmalemma. The scanned Aegyptianella preparations produced static evidence of an endocytosis followed by an erythrocytic vesiculation as the possible mode of entrance of initial bodies into erythrocytes. The presence of ruthenium red only coating the membrane around the parasitophorous vacuole during the whole invasive process and the complete absence of the stain inside the host cell indicate that the entry of aegyptianellas is accomplished by invagination of the host cell plasmalemma and is not preceded nor followed by its breakage, furthermore unequivocally proving the intracellular parasitism of A. pullorum during its reproductive cycle. One possible mode of exit of initial bodies from parasitized erythrocytes appeared to be the invasive mechanism in reverse order, an exocytosis. Generally, however, the affected erythrocytes are parasitogenically injured, resulting in release of the parasites into the plasma and, subsequently, in host cell lysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Scanning electron microscopy of peripheral blood leukocytes of the chickens.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes, e.g., neutrophilic granulocytes, were enriched from heparinized blood by a Ficoll-step-gradient centrifugation procedure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a surface morphology of narrow ridge-like profiles and small ruffles with occasional microprocesses. Mononuclear leukocytes were isolated by centrifugation over a Ficoll-Metrizoat gradient. The lymphocytes showed varying numbers of microvilli of different length, size and shape. B lymphocytes, characterized by their capability of "sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-rosette formation", displayed a similar surface morphology. Completely smooth lymphocytes, described in the literature as T lymphocytes, could not be detected, although many lymphocytes with few microprocesses were observed. Thus, SEM is not a useful tool for distinguishing between B and T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of chickens. Monocytes were characterized by prominent membrane-like ruffles, but in some cases they closely resembled granulocytes. An influence of the various separation media on the surface morphology of the isolated cells could not be detected when compared with cells isolated by the buffy-coat method.

Animals↗