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Biomedical subjects

E Broussolle

Publications and source records attributed to E Broussolle.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Progressive anarthria with secondary parkinsonism: a clinico-pathological case report.

The pathological process and lesion topography in patients with the syndrome of progressive aphasia are heterogeneous and few necropsy examination cases have been investigated. This is a case report of a 53 year old right handed man with progressive anarthria and secondary Parkinsonism over a period of six years. Positron emission tomography (PET) showed a decreased cerebral blood flow and metabolism in the frontal cortex, which was more pronounced on the left. Neuropathology disclosed a spongiform vacuolation in layer II of the frontal cortex, mostly in the Broca area, and neuronal loss in the substantia nigra. This original case reinforces the view that there are different entities of the syndrome of progressive aphasia which can be identified on the basis of clinical, neuroimaging and anatomical data.

Aphonia↗
PubMed1992

[Bilateral thalamic glioma. A clinicopathological study of 2 cases].

Two cases of bilateral thalamic glioma in a 70 year-old man and a 8 year-old boy, documented by MRI and pathological data are reported. Such tumors are rare. Early symptoms may be misleading, with intellectual impairment or psychiatric disorders together with a normal CT scan. MRI and pathological findings support the view that bilateral thalamic gliomas represent a particular clinico-pathological entity among thalamic tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Juvenile arteriosclerotic leukoencephalopathy: anatomoclinical study of a case].

A 34-year old right-handed man was suffering from recurrent cerebro-vascular insults. CT-scans revealed several subcortical lacunar infarcts, and leukoaraïosis. Arteriography of the left and the right carotid arteries was performed respectively on the 4th and the 9th year of the disease, and did not elicit significant extracranial and intracranial vascular lesions. There were no arguments in favor of infectious, inflammatory, or auto-immune vascular diseases. The patient had tardive hypertension and dementia, and died at the age of 44. Pathological findings, limited to the brain and cervical spinal cord, revealed numerous ischemic lacunar infarcts. Histological lesions were consistent with the diagnosis of arteriosclerotic leukoencephalopathy. There were oedema, palor, and loss of myelin in the white matter, and nonspecific diffuse arteriosclerotic lesions that were particularly pronounced in the intimal part of the arterial wall. No inflammatory process nor amyloid deposits were found. Despite the onset of the disease in a young adult and the late occurrence of hypertension, our case report shares most of the pathological features of the Binswanger's type of arteriosclerotic encephalopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

P.O.E.M.S. syndrome with complete recovery after treatment of a solitary plasmocytoma.

The P.O.E.M.S. syndrome is a rare clinical entity that has been described mainly in Japan. It is characterized by a progressive polyneuropathy with raised CSF protein content, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, skin changes and plasma cell dyscrasia. We report a new documented case associated with a solitary plasmocytoma of the 12th thoracic vertebra. Immunopathological and ultrastructural studies of the peripheral nerve did not disclose any immune-specific changes. Surgery and radiation therapy of the plasmocytoma allowed a complete recovery, with a 5-year follow-up. This case report illustrates the need for serial full skeletal survey, including scintigraphy, in middle-aged patients with progressive polyneuropathy of obscure origin.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1991

Effects of substance abuse on ventricular and sulcal measures assessed by computerised tomography.

Computerised tomography (CT) was used to assess the possible effects of substance abuse on brain morphology. Polydrug abusers had significantly wider third ventricles than normal controls, with a positive correlation between age and ventricle:brain ratio (VBR). Assuming no effect of age, estimated quantity of substance abuse was not significantly related to ventricular and sulcal measures, except that alcohol consumption correlated positively with VBR and severity of cocaine use correlated negatively with sulcal width. When age of the subjects was partialled out, alcohol use showed a tendency for association with VBR; however, severity of cocaine use did not remain a significant predictor of cortical sulcal width. The findings suggest that chronic use of alcohol, but not necessarily of other commonly abused substances, produces brain atrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Increase of energy expenditure in Parkinson's disease].

Energy expenditure was determined in 18 patients with Parkinson's disease, 6 healthy volunteers and 6 patients with essential tremor, age-matched, using the indirect calorimetric method which measures the gas exchange rate. The results showed a significant increase in the relative energy expenditure, i.e. the difference between absolute and predictable values from the Harris and Benedict equation, among the parkinsonian patients (+21 +/- 4.1 p. 100; mean +/- S.E.M.) as compared to the 2 control groups (-8.6 +/- 7 p. 100 and -2.1 +/- 4.1 p. 100 respectively; p less than 0.001). There was no correlation between the rate of energy expenditure and the duration or degree of severity of the disease, and particularly the occurrence and magnitude of weight loss, which is frequently observed during the course of the disease. The relative energy expenditure was not significantly different between untreated and treated parkinsonian patients (18.8 +/- 3 p. 100 and 24.5 +/- 6.2 p. 100 respectively). Further investigations were designed to determine whether the increased energy expenditure could reflect a functional impairment of the automatic nervous system. The integrity of the vagus nerve was tested by plotting vs time the plasma Pancreatic Polypeptide levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. A physiological stimulation was obtained in the 8 parkinsonian patients studied. This is not the case in chronic autonomic failure. On the contrary, the relative energy expenditure was significantly decreased in the 6 patients that were given a beta-blocking drug, pindolol, 15 mg daily for 3 weeks (+30.7 +/- 4.3 p. 100 before and +21 +/- 4.2 p. 100 after treatment; p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

RU 24722, a new eburnamine derivative, induces selective alterations in cerebral glucose utilization in freely moving rat.

The effect of a new eburnamine derivative, RU 24722, a putative phasic activator of catecholaminergic systems on local cerebral glucose utilization was studied in freely moving rats 15 min, 90 min and 6 h after the intraperitoneal administration of the drug (25 mg/kg). Of the 53 brain regions examined, 9 exhibited significant time-dependent increases of glucose utilization (up to 45-55%). Some changes were early and transient, as in the substantia nigra reticulata and the paraventricular nuclei. Other areas showed sustained (median septal nucleus) or delayed increases of glucose utilization (lateral septum, dorsal subiculum, hippocampal fimbria, fronto-parietal motor cortex and ventral cochlear nucleus). No significant alterations of glucose utilization could be elicited in the locus coeruleus and raphe nuclei, and none of the brain regions showed a decrease in glucose consumption. Our findings suggest that RU 24722 preferentially stimulates the activity in some brain areas involved in cognitive, vegetative and locomotor functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A chronic arterial and venous cannulation method for freely moving rats.

A chronic arterial and venous cannulation method appropriate for pharmacokinetics studies in freely moving rats is described. Two catheters were implanted: one in the abdominal aorta, the other in the inferior vena cava. Passing subcutaneously, the catheters then emerged at the nape of the neck and were sealed by heating. In most cases (70%), 2-3 weeks after surgery, there were no problems of catheter patency. Twenty-four hours after surgery, all the animals were in good health as attested by normal behaviour and physiological parameters. Plasma corticosterone levels (544 +/- 219 ng/ml) determined at various times after an i.v. injection of saline, though 2.4-fold lower than in restrained rats (1330 +/- 292 ng/ml), were, however, indicative of a moderate stress. From a differential analysis of the factors involved in the relatively elevated circulating corticosterone as compared to basal levels, it is concluded that a prolonged postoperative period (7 days) and maintaining of the animals in metabolic cages are necessary conditions to obtain a minimal state of stress with this technique.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Apomorphine-induced relief of the akinetic-rigid syndrome and early median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in Parkinson's disease.

Among early cortical median nerve SEPs the frontal N30 potential is known to show amplitude reduction during execution of voluntary movements and to be abnormally reduced in parkinsonian patients. However, it is not clear whether N30 abnormalities are related to the severity of motor disability in Parkinson's disease. To address this question we studied median nerve SEPs, using a 16-channel montage, in 7 patients chronically treated with subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of apomorphine hydrochloride for spontaneous "on-off" motor fluctuations. We observed no significant changes in the latency, amplitude or scalp topography of early SEPs when comparing traces and maps obtained in the "off" condition and during the "on" phase induced by s.c. injection of apomorphine. The absence of any SEP changes, despite a clear-cut relief of the akinetic-rigid syndrome, suggests that early cortical SEPs, and in particular the frontal N30 potential, at least when recorded in a subject at rest, are not usable as an objective means to assess the severity or the fluctuations of motor disability in Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗