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Biomedical subjects

E Boyle

Publications and source records attributed to E Boyle.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The Human Communication Research Centre dialogue database.

The HCRC dialogue database consists of over 700 transcribed and coded dialogues from pairs of speakers aged from seven to fourteen. The speakers are recorded while tackling co-operative problem-solving tasks and the same pairs of speakers are recorded over two years tackling 10 different versions of our two tasks. In addition there are over 200 dialogues recorded between pairs of undergraduate speakers engaged on versions of the same tasks. Access to the database, and to its accompanying custom-built search software, is available electronically over the JANET system by contacting liz@psy.glasgow.ac.uk, from whom further information about the database and a user's guide to the database can be obtained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Incidence of coronary heart disease in blacks in Charleston, South Carolina.

We studied a cohort of 2275 blacks and whites of both sexes in Charleston County, South Carolina, during the period of 1960-1961 to 1974-1975. There were 93 prevalent cases of coronary heart disease (CHD) at intake, and 317 new cases occurred by 1975 in persons originally free of CHD. White males had the highest incidence rates for all types of CHD and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Black males and black females had the next highest rates. The incidence of angina pectoris in black females was double the rate in white females and five times the rate in white males. The rate of sudden death in black males was two and one-half times the rate in black females, three times the rate in white males, and four times the rate in white females. One hundred and one black males who had been selected on the basis of high socioeconomic status (SES) had AMI and CHD rates half that of other black males. None of the high SES black males experienced angina pectoris, AMI death, or sudden death during the observation period.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Skin color and education effects on blood pressure.

This study reports that education effects but not skin color effects were associated with blood pressure and the incidence of hypertension in a cohort of Black females in Charleston, South Carolina, observed over the period 1960-1975. The authors suggest that skin color may be a secondary (non-causal) associate of blood pressure in Blacks.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The histology and collagen content of cotton pellet and polyvinyl sponge-induced granulomas in normal and drug-treated rats.

Comparison of cotton wool and sponge-induced granulomas in the rat showed that collagen contents were very similar despite the different pattern of granuloma formation. There was significantly less variation of individual results in the sponge. Although collagen accounted for less than 10% of the dry weight, there was a positive correlation between the 2 parameters in both models of 9 days but only in the pellet at 15 days. Hydrocortisone treatment significantly decreased dry weight and collagen content. There was rapid cell proliferation and collagen synthesis in the sponge granuloma from Day 5, reaching a peak between the ninth and twelfth day, when DNA levels dropped and collagen increased more slowly to plateau by Day 15. Day 9 was chosen as the most suitable stage to study drug effects. Dexamethasone significantly decreased collagen synthesis whereas indomethacin and phenylbutazone did not. Soluble collagen levels were increased with beta-amino-propionitrile and d-penicillamine; a dose-related effect was obtained with d-penicillamine.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1977

Cyclocryotherapy: a light and electron microscopic study.

Previous anatomic studies of the effects of cyclocryotherapy have produced confusing results because of variations in technique and instrumentation. Five eyes from three patients treated by a standard technique were compared to the eyes of rhesus monkeys that received identical treatment. The monkeys were given horseradish peroxidase intravenously 30 minutes before enucleation. Hemorrhage, edema, and epithelial disruption were characteristic of the acute lesions. Later, the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium disappeared, but by two months, normal morphology was restored. Normal peroxidase flow reappeared at a similar time. Anatomic changes in the human and monkey eyes were similar.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Chromium depletion in the pathogenesis of diabetes and atherosclerosis.

Dietary Cr deficiency may cause the aging-related Cr depletion observed in humans. Such depletion, when it occurs with excessive consumption of sugar and other carbohydrates, may result in glucose intolerance, glycosuria, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia. These metabolic disorders could explain why athero-sclerotic diseases are endemic to most Western industrial societies. This review detailed significant current research and findings on the manifestations of Cr deficiency in humans and animal models.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Hypertension: effects of social class and racial admixture: the results of a cohort study in the black population of Charleston, South Carolina.

It has been hypothesized that genetic factors, as manifested by skin color, play in important role in the genesis of hypertension among Blacks. A community-based study was carried out in Charleston Country, South Carolina to test this hypothesis. The results of a ten year follow-up study suggest that social class and age were more consistently associated with the incidence of hypertension and levels of blood pressure. The association of hypertension with skin color was minimal and substantially less than that of social class. The incidence rate of hypertension (larger than or equal to 90 mm Hg) was three to four times greater when the study participants were of low social class than when they had higher social class scores at the beginning of this study. In contrast, the incidence rate was only 1.5 times higher for dark than for lighter skinned men, and the rates were almost identical when social class was comparable. Similar results energed when blood pressure was treated as a continuous variable; blood pressure levels and pressure changes over time were consistently and significantly (p less than .01) higher in those Blacks categorized as low social class, controlling for skin color.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The role of copper in preventing gastrointestinal damage by acidic anti-inflammatory drugs.

The ability of several non-steroidal acidic anti-inflammatory drugs to cause ulceration when given as copper complexes has been examined. The damage caused by clopirac, niflumic acid and aspirin was virtually abolished when they were given as copper complexes whereas the damage caused by indomethacin, ketoprofen and (+)-naproxen was unaltered. The lack of ulceration with three of these preparations appeared to be correlated with a much reduced ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis as determined using an in vitro enzyme system.

Acetates↗
PubMed1975

Auditory and visual memory losses in aging populations.

Seventy-four men and women (age range, 44-77 years) were tested for short-term auditory and visual memory as part of a larger series of memory and cognitive function tests. All test scores for visual memory, including facial photograph recognition when a sequence requirement was adhered to, showed a significant decline (p smaller than .05) in a comparison of subjects aged 44-54 and subjects aged 55-64. This decline was not observed with the two tests of auditory memory. Thus the data indicate that short-term visual memory may be more susceptible to aging than is auditory memory.

Adult↗