Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Bonilla

Publications and source records attributed to E Bonilla.

250 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Latino residents of Chicago.

In 1970, 250,000 Spanish-speaking persons resided in Chicago, 80,000 of whom were Puerto Rican. Because migration to Chicago is constantly occurring from areas where intestinal parasites are endemic, a survey was conducted in a predominantly Puerto Rican neighborhood to determine the prevalence of these parasites and to provide impetus for further case finding and treatment programs. The survey was part of an epidemiologic and cutreach workers going door-to-door obtained histories, hematocrits, and single stool specimens from 358 individuals. An overall intestinal parasite prevalence rate of 18.6% (67 persons) was found. Specific rates were Trichuris trichiura 13.9% (50 cases), hookworm 6.6% (24 cases), Giardia lamblia (3.9% (14 cases), and Strongyloides stercoralis 1.7% (6 cases). There were no cases of Ascaris lumbricoides or ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA, Although several nonpathogenic protozoa were found. The most affected age groups were 15--24 years followed by 5--14. Two of the Giardia cases were individuals never out of the continental United States. An incidental finding was a high rate of low hematocrit readings not correlated with the parasite findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alterations of excitatory amino acid receptors in the brain of manganese-treated mice.

An excessive activation of excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors has been associated with oxidative stress, which is considered the primary cause of manganese (Mn) poisoning neurotoxicity. Therefore, the EAA receptor distribution was analyzed by autoradiographic methods in several brain regions during Mn intoxication. We found that chronic treatment of mice with MnCl2 during 8 wk significantly alters the L-[3H]glutamate (L-[3H]Glu) binding to total glutamate (Glu) receptors, as well as to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and quisqualate (QA) receptor subtypes. A generalized decrease of 16-24% of the L-[3H]Glu binding to total Glu receptors was found in all cortex, hippocampus, basal ganglia (except globus pallidus), and cerebellum. Saturation studies showed a significant reduction of the maximal number of receptors (Bmax) in Mn-treated mice, whereas the affinity (Kd) was not altered. L-[3H]Glu binding to NMDA sites was mainly decreased (10-21%) in a few cortical regions, basal ganglia (except globus pallidus), and hippocampus, whereas binding to QA receptor subtype was diminished (16-30%) in cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. The decrease of Glu receptor binding sites during Mn poisoning could reflect a receptor downregulation more than neuronal loss, since these reductions are moderate and diffuse. Thus, this down-regulation might mean a protection mechanism against an excitotoxic process associated with Mn toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Melatonin prolongs survival of immunodepressed mice infected with the Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus.

Male albino mice immunodepressed after the injection of dexamethasone (DEX) were inoculated intraperitoneally with the Guajira strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus. Melatonin (MLT) was administered daily, at a dose of 500 micrograms/kg bodyweight, for 3 days before virus inoculation and 10 days after. Serum levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) were determined in all the experimental groups (control, DEX, DEX + MLT, DEX + VEE, DEX + VEE + MLT, VEE and MLT). At day 6 after the virus inoculation, the survival rate was significantly increased from 0% in group DEX + VEE to 32.5% in the group of immunodepressed infected mice treated with MLT (DEX + VEE + MLT). By day 10 a survival rate of 10% was found in group DEX + VEE + MLT and 0% in group VEE. No alterations in IL-2 serum levels were observed. MLT increased GM-CSF in control and in DEX-treated mice. In the VEE virus-infected mice treated with DEX, serum levels of GM-CSF increased progressively from day 1 to 5 postinoculation. In contrast, the levels of GM-CSF in infected immunodepressed mice treated with MLT decreased significantly from day 1 to 5 postinoculation. At day 5 after viral inoculation, no differences were detected in the cerebral viral titres in groups VEE, DEX + VEE and DEX + MLT + VEE. These results show that MLT does not inhibit VEE viral replication in the brain of immunodepressed mice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibition of sperm-zona pellucida binding by a 55 kDa pig sperm protein in vitro.

This study was conducted to evaluate the role of a 55 kDa pig sperm protein on the oocytesperm binding process, and its location in situ. For this purpose, in vitro matured oocytes were incubated with isolated and purified protein, and incubated with capacitated spermatozoa. In addition, capacitated sperm were incubated with anti-55 kDa antiserum and later with mature oocytes. Immunolocalization assays were performed using non-capacitated, capacitated and acrosome reacted sperm, which were incubated independently with anti-55 kDa protein antibodies and analyzed under fluorescence light microscopy. The 55 kDa protein concentrations correlated negatively with the amounts of sperm bound to the zona pellucida (ZP); the presence of the anti-55 kDa protein totally inhibited this binding. The immunolocalization assays revealed that fluorescence was located preferentially at the apical edge of the head in capacitated sperm, but not in acrosome reacted sperm. It would appear that the 55 kDa protein binds specifically to the oocyte ZP, and that it may be responsible for primary gamete binding during fertilization.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mitochondrial encephalopathies: where are we going?].

In few areas of medicine has progress been more spectacular than in the field of mitochondrial diseases, especially those related to mtDNA mutations. Much remains to be done, however, and this brief review discusses the following areas of research where progress has been more limited or data are still controversial: 1. The pathophysiology of mtDNA related disorders; 2. The molecular base of nDNA mutations; 3. The coenzyme Q10 deficiency; 4. Defects of translocases; 5. Defects of mitochondrial protein importation, and 6. Defects of intergemonic signalling.

DNA, Mitochondrial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of chronic manganese intake on the levels of biogenic amines in rat brain regions.

After eight months of chronic manganese intake a significant decrease in the concentration of NA in striatum and pons of rats treated with 0.1 mg Mn/ml water was produced. A highly significant decrease in the levels of DOPAC was found in striatum and hypothalamus of rats receiving 0.1 and 1.0 mg Mn/ml water. HVA content diminished in the striatum of the 0.1 mg Mn/ml group. The concentration of 5-HT was reduced in midbrain of rats ingesting 1.0 mg Mn/ml water. 5-HIAA was found to be diminished in hippocampus and pons of the same group of animals and in the hippocampus of the 0.1 mg Mn/ml group. According to our findings serotonergic neurons seem to be less sensitive to manganese poisoning than catecholaminergic neurons.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fatigue of resin-bonded amalgam restorations.

Standardized MOD cavities were prepared in 80 human premolars, which were treated with either adhesive resin or copal varnish and then restored with amalgam. Fracture resistance of these groups was compared after 24 hours of storage, 4 weeks of storage with thermocycling, and after 500 days of storage. The buccal cusps were loaded at an angle of 30 degrees to the tooth long axis until fracture occurred. Additionally, survival curves were compared for adhesive resin and copal varnish groups that had been repeatedly load cycled until fracture occurred. The 24-hour adhesive resin group was significantly stronger than the corresponding copal varnish group (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences between adhesive resin and copal varnish were found for the other thermocycling, extended 500-day storage, or load cycling tests. In conclusion, the strengthening effect of an adhesive resin on teeth restored with MOD amalgam restorations was transient.

Dental Alloys↗