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Biomedical subjects

E Bombardieri

Publications and source records attributed to E Bombardieri.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Adriamycin and epirubicin treatment monitored by radionuclide ejection fraction during therapy and follow-up.

Twenty-four patients with advanced breast cancer were studied with serial determinations of the radionuclide ejection fraction at rest (RST-LVEF) during anthracycline chemotherapy (CT) and with a mean follow-up (FU) of 8 months. We had 2 cases of anthracycline congestive heart failure (CHF) during FU, 3 and 12 months respectively after the end of CT. The RST-LVEF changes observed during CT were not able to predict which patients were to develop a symptomatic cardiomyopathy. The type of RST-LVEF change that is generally considered a worsening of cardiac performance is a decline greater than or equal to 15%. We had this type of RST-LVEF change, in addition to the 2 CHF, in 5 other patients without symptomatic cardiomyopathy. Nevertheless none of these 5 patients attained pathological values of RST-LVEF, while the 2 CHF showed symptomatic cardiomyopathy only when RST-LVEF became clearly pathologic (less than or equal to 46%). Therefore, although in our study the RST-LVEF changes during CT did not have predictive value for CHF, the method may give a notable clinical contribution all the same. In fact, by submitting the patients with a RST-LVEF fall greater than or equal to 15% to frequent sequential RST-LVEF determinations and stopping the CT if the RST-LVEF becomes pathologic it is possible to avoid severe and irreversible CHF.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Imaging with 131I-labeled monoclonal antibodies to a high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen in patients with melanoma: efficacy of whole immunoglobulin and its F(ab')2 fragments.

In vitro experiments selected optimal conditions to radiolabel with 131I the whole immunoglobulin and F(ab')2 fragments of the monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 225.28S to a high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA). Injection of the radiolabeled whole immunoglobulin and F(ab')2 fragments of the MoAb 225.28S into eight patients with melanoma resulted in the accumulation of radioactivity in 10 of 18 metastases. This localization is specific because of the close relationship between detection of HMW-MAA in lesions by immunohistochemical techniques and outcome of immunoscintigraphy and because of the different distribution in tumors and adjacent tissues of radiolabeled F(ab')2 fragments of MoAb 225.28S compared with 99mTc-pertechnetate and with radiolabeled F(ab')2 fragments of MoAb 4C4 to hepatitis B surface antigen. F(ab')2 fragments are superior to whole immunoglobulins to perform immunoscintigraphy, since they markedly reduce the background in bone marrow, liver, and spleen. The sensitivity of the procedure allows the detection of lesions with a diameter of at least 1.5 cm and is influenced by the level of the HMW-MAA in lesions and by their anatomical site.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Tissue polypeptide antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen in colon tumors: serum levels and immunohistochemical localization.

Patients with malignant and benign colon disease (59 colon cancer and 96 polyps) were studied by means of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tests. The evaluation of the circulating levels of the markers showed that the overall sensitivity for the TPA test was 57.6% and for the CEA test was 55.9%. Their specificities were 89.5% and 94.7%, respectively. The analysis of results indicated no considerable difference between CEA and TPA in detecting individuals with malignant diseases. There was only a slight difference in Dukes stages: in stages A and B, TPA sensitivity was higher than CEA sensitivity. On the contrary, in the group of patients with polyps, more false-positive results were obtained with the TPA test than with the CEA test. Immunohistochemical studies on the small group of patients (12 colon cancers) allowed us to evaluate the relationship between the staining positivity for the anti-TPA and anti-CEA antibodies and the circulating levels of the markers. The staining in some cases was not correlated either with the stage of cancer or the circulating TPA or CEA levels. This fact further shows the need to investigate the mechanism that determines the blood levels of many tumor markers. All the specimens examined were positive for TPA and CEA staining, but they were composed of varying proportion of positive and negative tumor cells. The degree of positivity was frequently variable not only between the specimens but also within the same specimen.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1984

[Analysis of the enzyme terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase in lymphoma and leukemia cells].

This work analyses the presence of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) in neoplastic lymphoid cells from a series of malignant lymphomas and in leukemic cells from blood or bone marrow of patients with lymphoproliferative diseases. The studied cases were 63 patients with acute leukemias, 26 patients with chronic leukemias, 85 patients with lymphomas and 14 normal controls. The presence of TdT in the neoplastic cells was determined by optimized assays of enzymatic activity or by immunofluorescence test for TdT positive blasts. The fluorescence tests made use of anti-TdT antibodies specifically absorbed on cells containing the enzyme and then revealed by a second fluorescent antibody. Appreciable amounts of TdT were found in the white cells of blood or bone marrow from the following 25 out of 35 acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) with modulations in the different phenotypes; 13 out of 14 acute undifferentiated leukemias (AUL); and 9 out of 15 blastic crises in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CMLbc). The enzyme was present in 12 out of 14 lymphomas of lymphoblastic type (LL); 2 B lymphoblastic lymphomas did not show any TdT positivity. The highest levels of TdT were detected in cells classified as immature lymphoblast or in their precursors. TdT was absent from normal lymph nodes from leukocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and chronic (CML) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). 2 out of 14 cases of AML showed a border-line positivity. A definite correlation between concentrations of enzymatic activity and percentage of immunofluorescent cells could not be established. We did not find a precise correlation between the TdT content of lymphoid blasts and other clinical prognostic indices.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase↗
PubMed1984

The effects of an energy stimulator on blood electrolyte and lactate levels in athletes under training.

The effects of a mineral-vitamin-sugar preparation has been tested on a group of volley ball players under training. Plasma electrolytes (Na, K, Cl), erythrocyte electrolyte content, plasma lactate concentration and erythrocyte water content have been determined before and after a training session in three different experimental situations: a) controls; b) acute treatment with the energy stimulator; c) chronic treatment (8 days) with a similar preparation of the energy stimulator. The results are indicative of a significantly lower lactate production and a more stable electrolyte concentration after treatment with respect to the control data.

Chlorides↗
PubMed1982

Studies of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in normal and neoplastic human cells.

Optimized biochemical assays and cytoimmunofluorescence tests were used to detect terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, TdT, in malignant cells of 36 leukemias and 75 lymphomas from patients not receiving chemotherapy. TdT was virtually absent from normal lymph nodes and from leukocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, CLL, taken as controls. Its quantitative distribution in the neoplasms matched the current knowledge. Appreciable amounts of TdT were found in all the 10 lymphomas of lymphoblastic type, LL, and in the white blood cells of: 16 out of 19 acute lymphoblastic leukemia, AAL, perhaps with modulation in the various phenotypes; 2 out of 3 acute undifferentiated leukemias, AUL; and 3 out of 7 blastic crises in chronic myelogenous leukemia, b.c. CML. Biochemical and cytoimmunological analyses yielded concordant responses and even roughly comparable estimates in the same patients. TdT immunofluorescence was clearly nuclear in most cells and was cytoplasmic occasionally. Definite correlations between concentrations of enzymatic activity and percentage of immunofluorescent cells could not e established. Further detailed work will be required to identify putative subgroups in TdT-positive blast populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Association of CEA test and liver scan in detection of hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal carcinoma.

The authors evaluate the combined use of liver scan and the CEA test in the diagnosis of hepatic metastases of carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. Association of the two tests is justified by the fact that the liver scan is very specific but not very sensitive, whereas the CEA test is more sensitive and not very specific. The sensitivity of the CEA test, on the other hand, can be increased by increasing the threshold of normality. However, the associated diagnostic use of the liver scan and the CEA test gives a loss of specificity with respect to the use of the liver scan alone. The present study, carried out on a series of 376 patients affected by gastrointestinal tumors of which 79 were of the stomach (9 with hepatic metastases), 133 of the colon and higher sigmoid (25 with hepatic metastases), and 164 of the lower sigmoid and rectum (29 with hepatic metastases), proposed to establish by use of a statistical method the optimal threshold of the CEA test that would give the best diagnostic specificity of the combined CEA test and liver scan without any relevant loss of sensitivity. A threshold of 26 ng/ml of the CEA test and gave a specificity of 92%, a sensitivity of 80%, and an accuracy of 90%. The authors think that in the detection of liver metastases of gastrointestinal tumors, the combined test can be more helpful the less the probability, for a given patient, for other metastatic localizations.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1980

[Cyclic AMP levels of peripheral lymphocytes in normal subjects and in patients with malignant neoplasms].

Cellular cAMP was determined by the competitive protein binding assay (RIA method) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) isolated from 34 healthy blood donors and 31 tumor bearing patients. cAMP concentration in PBL from the cancerous patients was lower than the one found in healthy blood donors. Results are discussed in relation to the modification of immune reactivity induced by cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗