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Biomedical subjects

E Bimstein

Publications and source records attributed to E Bimstein.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Dentigerous cysts and radiolucent lesions of the jaw associated with Hunter's syndrome.

Two cases of Hunter's syndrome in brothers are presented. One case was associated with dentigerous cysts and the other was associated with collagenous connective lesions. Condylar deformities also were present in both cases. Radiographic differential diagnosis between the two types of lesions is discussed and methods of treatment are proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth and development considerations in the diagnosis of gingivitis and periodontitis in children.

Increasing information emphasize the relevance of the prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment of periodontal diseases in children. In order to avoid erroneous diagnosis and unnecessary treatments, the pediatric dentist is required to differentiate between pathologic processes and normal changes that take place in the periodontum with age. The present review outlines structural and functional changes of the periodontal structures, the establishment and maturation of the oral microflora and immune defense reactions to periodontal pathogens in children and adolescents. The age-related tendency to develop gingivitis, that is evident in children and adolescents, may be related to changes in the bacterial composition of the dental plaque, the inflammatory cell response, hormonal changes, morphological differences, tooth eruption and shedding. The hormonal influence on the gingival tissues and the composition of the dental plaque are of particular relevance during puberty. Large ranges for the prevalence of attachment loss, periodontitis or destructive periodontal disease in children and adolescents have been reported. The variance in values may be related to population characteristics, method of examination or diagnostic criteria that may include measurements of attachment loss and distances from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest, both of which may be either physiological or pathological. The pediatric dentist should be able to diagnose gingival inflammation, attachment loss or distances from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar crest which are out of proportion to the child's age and the amount of dental plaque. These may be indicative of a high susceptibility to periodontal diseases or reflect systemic conditions that affect the periodontum.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of imagery suggestions during administration of local anesthetic in pediatric dental patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of suggestion before and during the administration of local anesthesia to children. These effects were then observed and correlated with social, behavioral and dentally related variables. Eighty children between the ages of three and sixteen years and who required at least one injection of local anesthesia were monitored. Retrospective examinations of their dental records provided the information regarding the behavior and dental treatment histories of the patients. All other data were provided through observation during the dental treatment phase. During the first treatment session, before the injection, each child was asked to select a favorite, pleasant memory or image. Where children had difficulty in identifying an image, one was proposed by the dentist. After an image had been chosen, the patients were asked to concentrate on the image and to visualize it during the procedure. The majority of children had chosen their own images, and significantly visualized the same images throughout the injection procedures. Image selection and visualization had no association with gender, age, the parent's assessment of the child's behavior, previous dental experience, behavior (both past and present) or, management techniques (both past and present). We conclude that imaging techniques may be successfully utilized in the administration of local anesthesia to young children (from three years of age) in an effort to mitigate untoward, pain-related stress.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histomorphologic changes in the gingiva and pulp of overretained primary teeth.

This study examined the influence of overretention on the tissues of human primary teeth. The range of overretention was two to thirty-two years. Light microscopy and computerized morphometry were utilized for histologic assessment of twenty-five sites of twenty-one teeth. Dentinoclasts were found on the resorbing root surface of nine teeth; polymorphonuclear leucocytes were found in the pulp of fourteen teeth; and monocytes were present in all pulps. The apical and coronal ends of the junctional epithelium were apical to the cemento-enamel junction in eighteen and fourteen teeth, respectively. Significant correlations were found between the extent of overretention and gingival height, the length of the junctional epithelium and the extent of apical migration of the junctional epithelium. Present and previous findings indicate that odontoclastic activity in the pulp is reduced with overretention; and while at the beginning of overretention there is a lower percentage of pulps with polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the pulp, with an extended period of overretention an increase in this percentage takes place.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiographic assessment of the alveolar bone height in children and adolescents with familial dysautonomia.

PURPOSE: Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a progressive neuropathy, characterized by somatic and skeletal abnormalities, and by a variety of oral and diet disturbances. The purpose of the study was to assess the alveolar bone height at the molar areas of children and adolescents with FD. METHODS: The distance from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC) was measured on routine diagnostic bitewing radiographs of nine males and seven females with FD (mean age = 122 months) and in those of two matching groups (C1 = 119 months; C2 = 122 months). RESULTS: The mean values for the maxilla were significantly larger than those in the mandible. A positive significant correlation was found between the CEJ-ABC measurements of the primary and the permanent teeth, and between the CEJ-ABC measurements and age. The mean values per patient for the CEJ-ABC distances of the FD group were smaller than the control groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The CEJ-ABC measurements in the primary and the permanent molars were smaller in the FD group, and in the premolars and permanent cuspids they were larger than those in the two control groups. These differences were not statistically significant. No differences were found between the FD and the control groups in the primary cuspids. CONCLUSIONS: The alveolar bone height of children and adolescent with familial dysautonomia does not differ from that of healthy controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Frequency of alveolar bone loss adjacent to proximal caries in the primary molars and healing due to restoration of the teeth.

The frequency of alveolar bone loss adjacent to extensive proximal caries, and the effect of dental restorations on alveolar bone loss and healthy alveolar bone were examined in human primary molars. Proximal caries, contact loss, mesial drift and the presence of alveolar bone loss were recorded from 190 bite-wing radiographs from 60 boys and 46 girls. Proximal caries was evident in 297 quadrants. In 63.0% of quadrants, both primary molars had proximal caries. Contact loss was evident in 38.4% of the quadrants with proximal caries. Bone loss was found in 12.1% of the quadrants with proximal caries or 31.6% of those with contact loss. Analysis of variance for the presence of bone loss indicated statistically significant values (P less than 0.05) for one or two teeth with caries by quadrant, the presence or absence of contact loss, and age. A second examination was available for 41 children. Among these, eight out of the 36 bone defects disclosed at the first examination were present. At the second examination, after tooth restoration, healing of five bone defects was evident. These findings indicate a connection between the presence and treatment of extensive proximal caries and alveolar bone health in the primary dentition.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum antibody levels to oral microorganisms in children and young adults with relation to the severity of gingival disease.

The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the IgG and IgM serum antibody levels to 10 microorganisms involved in periodontal diseases in children and young adults with no systemic disease, but with either minimal/none or severe gingival inflammation. Blood samples from 15 children and 14 young adults were collected. Seven children and nine adults had minimal or no gingival inflammation; the rest had severe gingivitis. Kruskal-Wallis H analysis indicated significant differences among the age groups in the IgM values for all microorganisms and for most organisms in the IgG values. The contrast coefficient matrix values between children and young adults were significant for all the microorganisms for the IgM values and for most of the organisms for the IgG values when the severity of the disease was not taken into consideration. However, when the severity of the disease was also considered, the contrast coefficient matrix values for most of the microorganisms were not significant for both the IgG and IgM values. Age had a more significant influence on the serum antibody levels than the severity of the disease, mostly in the IgM values.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulp response to collagen and glutaraldehyde in pulpotomized primary teeth of baboons.

This investigation assessed histologically the pulp tissue reaction to glutaraldehyde (GA) and to a commercial collagen preparation in pulpotomized primary teeth of baboons. One hundred and eighty-eight primary teeth were pulpotomized; in half of them inflammation was induced prior to the treatment. The teeth were divided into five groups: in three of them GA was used as a pulp dressing and applied for 1 min (group 1), 5 min (group 2), or mixed into the paste (group 3); collagen was used in group 4 and in group 5 (control) IRM was placed directly over the pulp stumps. Follow-up times were two, eight, and 24 weeks. Total necrosis was observed only in the collagen group. Partial necrosis and severe inflammation also were seen mainly in this group, and when the GA was incorporated into the paste. Slight to moderate inflammation was evident in all groups two and eight weeks postoperatively; however, 78% of the teeth of group 2 (GA 5 min) were inflammation-free after 24 weeks. Partial dentin bridges were seen in 92% of the teeth of the control group, in 82% of group 2, and 50% each of groups 1 and 3 eight weeks postoperatively. Dentin bridges were present in only 4% of the collagen group. After 24 weeks, all the teeth in group 2 and 83% of group 1 had dentin bridges. We conclude that Zyderm (Colagen Corp. Palo Alto, CA) led to unacceptable results, 5 min application of GA presented the best healing response, and GA 1 min and IRM also were satisfactory.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution in pulpotomized primary teeth of schoolchildren.

This investigation was undertaken, clinically and radiographically, to assess the effect of glutaraldehyde as a pulp medicament in pulpotomized cariously exposed primary molars. Fifty-three primary molars of thirty-two second-grade children were evaluated after being treated by pulpotomy utilizing a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution. Failures were observed in 5.7 percent of the teeth at the six-month evaluation and increased with time: 9.6 percent after 12 months; and 18 percent after 25 months. Internal resorption was observed in six teeth; external resorption was found in only one tooth. Pulp canal obliteration, which was not listed as a failure, was observed in one tooth after 6 months, yielding a total of twenty teeth at the final examination. In thirty-eight pulpotomized teeth (82.6 percent), the resorption rate was similar to their antimeres; in another seven, root resorption was faster; and only one pulpotomized tooth resorbed more slowly than its antimere. The relatively high failure rate in the present study does not justify recommending a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution as a substitute to formocresol.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The age-dependent reaction of the periodontal tissues to dental plaque.

An increase in the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease as a function of aging has been reported in the literature. Here the literature considered relevant to the etiology of this phenomenon is summarized. The age-dependent reactivity of the periodontal tissues may be the result of several local and systemic factors, such as the characteristics of the inflammatory cell infiltrate, gingival morphology, periodontal tissues, dental plaque, gingival fluid exudate, health status of the individual, hormonal changes and immunologic reactions. In most cases, the presence of several factors is necessary to elicit changes in the periodontal tissues reactivity. Understanding these processes is crucial for better prevention and/or treatment of periodontal diseases; if neglected in children and adolescents, they may predispose the individual to advanced periodontal disease later in life.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The attached gingiva in children: diagnostic, developmental and orthodontic considerations for its treatment.

In the clinical context, the width of the attached gingiva is established by substracting the sulcus depth from the width of the keratinized gingiva. Summarizing all factors, it becomes clear that control of marginal inflammation appears to be the most important key to limiting--and possibly reversing--an otherwise progressive recession. A nonsurgical approach should be the clinician's first choice.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A radiographic study of interproximal alveolar bone crest between the primary molars in children.

This study establishes baseline data regarding the normal relationship between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar crest in the primary dentition, using bitewing radiographs. Measurements greater than those presented in this study may indicate an early stage of periodontal disease in the primary dentition, a tendency of the patient to develop the disease, or a combination of these.

Age Factors↗