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Biomedical subjects

E Bimstein

Publications and source records attributed to E Bimstein.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Periodontal health and disease in children and adolescents.

The prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in children and adolescents are most desirable and the physician should be involved in the achievement of these goals. Furthermore, cooperation between the physician and the dentist may be imperative for the comprehensive treatment of some patients. One should be aware of the influence of the general growth and development of the periodontium in order to be able to differentiate between health and disease. Periodontal diseases in children and adolescents include chronic gingivitis, gingival recession, chronic periodontitis, prepubertal periodontitis, juvenile periodontitis, and cases with peculiar causes. The main cause for periodontal diseases is the microorganisms in the dental plaque. In addition, the systemic status of the individual may affect the response of the periodontal tissues and vice versa. The physician and dentist should cooperate with the purpose of providing comprehensive prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal diseases and systemic diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Changes in the morphology of the buccal alveolar bone of protruded mandibular permanent incisors secondary to orthodontic alignment.

The cephalometric radiographs of 17 children and adolescents whose orthodontic treatment involved lingual positioning of procumbent mandibular central permanent incisors were examined to determine the morphologic changes in the buccal alveolar bone that resulted from orthodontic treatment. Comparison of tracings fom radiographs taken before and after treatment indicated that the alveolar height increased in 58.8% of the cases. In these cases a significant increase in the distance from the incisal edge to the "D" point was evident (t = 2.5, p less than or equal to 0.03), whereas this dimension decreased significantly in the rest of the cases (t = 3.0, p less than or equal to 0.02). In addition, a significant positive correlation (r = 0.95) was found between the changes in the distances from the "D" point to the incisal edge and the alveolar bone height. These findings indicate that during orthodontic treatment that involves lingual positioning of procumbent teeth but no intrusion, an increase in the amount of buccal alveolar bone may take place.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Root exposure in the primary dentition studied in human skulls.

The aims of the present study were to examine, on the primary dentition of 75 human dried skulls, the distance from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest, and to evaluate its relation to developmental age, bone morphology and attrition. The measurements from the CEJ to the alveolar crest were longer for the maxillary teeth, the second molars showed the shortest measurements, while the cuspids showed the longest. Significant positive partial correlations were found between age and the distance from the CEJ to the alveolar crest when controlling for attrition (r = 0.64), and between age and attrition when controlling for the distance from the CEJ to the alveolar bone crest (r = 0.54). The partial correlation between migration and attrition when controlling for age proved to be not significant (r = 0.13). Significant correlations were found between age and the distances from the mental foramen to: the alveolar crest (r = 0.90), and to the lower border of the mandible (r = 0.97). These findings suggest that root exposure takes place in the primary dentition, as the result of continuous eruption at a faster rate than formation of alveolar bone, presumably to compensate for facial growth.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Periodontitis associated with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome.

The predominant subgingival microflora, host immune response, and genetic history of a 14-year-old girl with Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome (PLS) are reported. The patient had high counts of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and surface translocating bacteria. She had significantly raised levels of antibodies to five of the bacterial species studied with the levels to A. actinomycetemcomitans remaining high after antibiotic therapy. The polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) also released significantly increased amounts of O2 compared to controls. The data presented support a role for A. actinomycetemcomitans and PMN dysfunction in the pathogenesis of PLS.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1990

Anterior open bite and gingival recession in children and adolescents.

Gingival recession is a manifestation of periodontal breakdown. Plaque microorganisms are the primary aetiological factor, but other secondary conditions are also associated with its presence. This study examined the hypothesis that localized gingival recession is more prevalent in open-bite cases. The study included 26 children with untreated anterior open bite and a matched control group. Clinical crown length, recession depth, oral habits and periodontal indices were recorded for each individual. Although the plaque index was not significantly different between the two groups, the open-bite group showed significantly greater clinical crown length and gingival inflammation. This may be attributed to increased virulence of dehydrated plaque and it is suggested that open bite may predispose to the development of localized gingival recession in the anterior segments of young individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Non-surgical treatment of pseudo-recession in children and adolescents.

A case of a 7 year-old girl with gingival pseudo-recession at a mandibular permanent central incisor was successfully treated with a non-surgical approach. Patient compliance (oral hygiene), the location of the junctional epithelium in relation to the cemento-enamel junction (pseudo or true recession), the width of the buccal alveolar bone of the affected tooth, the potential for an increase in the width of the attached gingiva and tooth alignment should be taken into account when considering the type of treatment (surgical or not) of uneven buccal gingival margins in children and adolescents.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Clinical, radiographic, SEM evaluation and assessment of microleakage of Class II composite restorations.

The influence of incremental or bulk filling techniques, and reapplication of unfilled resin (impregnation) to the margins with an enamel bonding agent, on marginal adaptation was evaluated in Class II composite restorations by clinical, radiographic, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and dye penetration techniques. Cavities were prepared in 80 extracted permanent posterior teeth. All cavity walls were treated with polyacrylic acid for 10 seconds. The enamel was etched for 1 minute, rinsed, dried, and lined with Scotchbond. Forty cavities were filled by increments of P30 and 40 cavities in bulk. The margins of the restorations of 20 teeth in each group were re-etched for 30 seconds and Concise Enamel Bond reapplied. The clinical scores were excellent for all restorations. Radiographic examination showed twice as many bubbles in the incrementally filled restoration than in the group filled in bulk. In 53 teeth, a radiolucent area between the dentin and the restorative material was found. After sectioning, this area was found to correspond to a hard material. The SEM revealed excellent margins in the groups of teeth that were impregnated with an unfilled resin, whereas 13 teeth without impregnation showed defective margins. The dye penetration, as a test for marginal leakage, was minimal at the occlusal surface of all teeth. At the cervical surface, 10.5% of the impregnated teeth showed severe dye penetration compared to 18% of the nonimpregnated teeth. No correlation was found between dye penetration at the cervical surface and the thickness of the residual enamel in this area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1989

Apical migration of the junctional epithelium in the human primary dentition as a multifactorial phenomenon.

Apical migration of the gingival junctional epithelium and/or attachment loss in the human primary dentition have been reported in the literature. The findings of several histological, in vitro and radiographic studies are summarized and related to the etiology of this phenomenon. An hypothesis that apical migration of the junctional epithelium, in the human primary dentition, is the result of a combination of the qualitative characteristics of the inflammatory cell infiltrate, passive eruption and the shedding process is presented.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1988

Morphological changes in the attached and keratinized gingiva and gingival sulcus in the mixed dentition period. A 5-year longitudinal study.

A longitudinal study was undertaken to examine the changes in the sulcus probing depth, keratinized and attached gingiva during the mixed dentition period. 54 children aged 7 to 9 years at the first examination were examined twice, with an interval of 5 years. Sulcus probing depth and keratinized gingiva were examined at the buccal aspect of the incisors, and either right or left cuspids and posterior areas. The width of the attached gingiva was obtained by subtracting the probing depth from the width of the keratinized gingiva. When compared to primary predecessors, the permanent teeth had a deeper probing depth, narrower attached gingiva and at the maxillary teeth, a wider keratinized gingiva. When a permanent tooth was present at both examinations, there was a significant increase in width of the attached gingiva with a corresponding decrease in probing depth, and a slight beginning of an increase in the width of keratinized gingiva. Previous and the present findings indicate that during the early years after eruption of the permanent tooth, an increase in width of the attached gingiva takes place, without occlusal migration of the marginal gingiva whereas, at later stages, this coronal migration takes place, concomitant to tooth eruption.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Periodontal health at first permanent molars adjacent to primary molar stainless steel crowns.

The present investigation was designed to study the effect of stainless steel crowns (SSC), placed on second primary molars, on the periodontal tissues of neighbouring first permanent molars. 36 children (9-12 years old) with an SSC on a second primary molar on one side of the mouth only, were selected for the study. A clinical and radiographic examination was performed at the mesial surface of the first permanent molar, adjacent to the SSC, and at the corresponding area on the contralateral side of the mouth. The clinical examination included gingival and plaque index scores and probing depth measurements. In the radiographic examination, the marginal bone level was assessed. No statistically significant differences in plaque index scores, gingival index scores and probing pocket depth were noted between the mesial surface of first permanent molars and the contralateral control area. Nor were any significant differences in bone level seen. The present findings suggest that the presence of a well-adapted SSC on a second permanent molar does not affect the periodontal health of the neighbouring first permanent molar.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1988

Gingivitis in the human deciduous dentition. A correlative clinical and block surface light microscopic (BSLM) study.

This study examined the relationship between clinical and histomorphometric parameters in the human deciduous dentition. Clinical parameters including plaque index, gingival swelling, gingival color, tooth mobility and degree of root resorption were determined prior to the extraction of teeth. The teeth were extracted with their surrounding gingiva in order to preserve the in situ relationship between the hard and soft tissues. Histomorphometric analysis was carried out on 55 sites, using block surface light microscopy (BSLM). Apical migration of the junctional epithelium was found at 53% (29) of the sites. The gingival sulcus was shallow (0.3 +/- 0.19 mm) and coronal to the cemento-enamel junction at 84% (46) of the sites. Junctional epithelium with retepegs was present at 89% (49) of the sites, whilst an inflammatory cell infiltrate (ICI) was present at all sites examined. The ICI was located opposite to the junctional epithelium and cementum at 80% (44) of the sites. The extent of ICI correlated positively with the patients' age and was significantly increased when clinical evidence of gingival swelling or redness was present.

Adolescent↗