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Biomedical subjects

E B Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to E B Schmidt.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cod liver oil inhibits neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in healthy males.

Epidemiological evidence suggests a reduced rate of chronic inflammatory diseases and ischaemic heart disease in populations with a high consumption of fish. This has been ascribed to the high content in sea food of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), belonging to the n - 3 family. We have studied neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in 12 healthy males before and after 6 weeks supplementation with cod liver oil, corresponding to 5.3 g n - 3 PUFAs daily. Neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis were investigated using the under agarose technique with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (N-FMLP) and autologous serum as chemoattractants. Neutrophil chemotaxis towards both chemoattractants and monocyte chemotaxis towards N-FMLP were significantly reduced after supplementation with cod liver oil.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The occurrence of malignant disease in adult nephrotic syndrome.

The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence of malignant disease (MD) in adult patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Eighty-eight consecutive patients (38 females; 50 males; mean age 47 years; range 15-86) seen in a renal clinic in a 13-year period with NS were studied. Eight of the patients had or developed MD. One patient had MD (medullary thyroid carcinoma) and NS diagnosed concomitantly and two patients had MD (both malignant lymphoma) diagnosed 19 and 21 months after the diagnosis of NS, respectively. In conclusion, only few patients in a renal clinic at debut of NS do have a simultaneous MD. Furthermore, their risk of developing such a disease is at worst only slightly raised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and human platelet function: a review with particular emphasis on implications for cardiovascular disease.

The low incidence of myocardial infarction in Greenland Eskimos may be due to their intake of marine food with a high content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In Eskimos the platelet count is lowered, the platelet aggregation is inhibited, the bleeding time is prolonged and the ratio between proaggregatory thromboxanes and anti-aggregatory prostacyclins is decreased, when compared to age- and sex-matched Danes. In this review, studies evaluating the effect of a fish diet or fish-oil supplementation on human platelet function are summarized. Most studies have demonstrated that supplementation with n-3 PUFAs can cause inhibition of platelet behaviour. The optimal dose of n-3 PUFAs and the patient groups most likely to profit from supplementation need to be defined. The safety and the clinical effect of the supplementation should be investigated in long-term studies.

Bleeding Time↗
PubMed1989

n-3 fatty acids and leucocytes.

The evidence presented here favours the view that dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids results in attenuated activity of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes formed through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway in leucocytes. Neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis seem to decrease, although this may depend on the patient groups studied. n-3 fatty acids increase the proliferative responses of lymphocytes. It is less clear, whether n-3 fatty acids affect other parts of leucocyte function. The possible value of n-3 PUFAs in inflammatory diseases in humans needs to be documented in carefully conducted clinical trials, which also should look carefully for possible side effects. However, the results obtained so far have been promising. The modulating effect of n-3 fatty acids on leucocyte activity-together with their other effects-could be favourable in atherosclerosis and coronary disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipids, haemostasis, neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). There is some evidence that polyunsaturated fatty acids of the marine n-3 type (n-3 PUFA's) may offer protection against CAD. We have studied the effect of short-term dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs on lipids, haemostasis, neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in 10 patients with IDDM. The patients were given 4 g daily of n-3 PUFAs (fish oil) for 6 weeks and were investigated before and after the supplement. No significant effects on platelets or haemostasis were observed. High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol significantly increased, and triglycerides and the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol significantly decreased. Monocyte chemotaxis was unaltered, while neutrophil chemotaxis significantly increased after fish oil. The finding of an improvement in neutrophil chemotaxis after supplementation with n-3 PUFAs to patients with IDDM needs to be confirmed in future studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

1-Deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin lowers protein C activity in uremics.

The effect of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) on protein C was investigated in 10 uremics and 10 normal subjects. The protein C antigen was higher in the uremic patients than in the normal subjects. DDAVP had no influence on the level of protein C antigen. However, functional protein C in uremics was lower than in normals even before administration of DDAVP. Furthermore, there was a decrease in functional protein C in the uremics after administration of DDAVP. Further studies are needed to clarify the low functional protein C in uremics both before and during administration of DDAVP.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Myopericarditis with cardiac tamponade caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135.

A case of primary myopericarditis in a previously healthy 19-year-old man is described. The patient presented with chest pain, fever, dyspnoea and arthalgia. Cardiac tamponade developed on the fifth day with recurrence on the seventh day, while meningitis never developed. Blood cultures grew Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135. The patient was treated with penicillin, pericardiocentesis and prednisone. He recovered without sequelae.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Antithrombin III and protein C in stable angina pectoris--influence of dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The effect on plasma antithrombin III (AT III) and protein C on a supplement with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's) was investigated in a double-blind study in 36 patients with stable angina pectoris. All participants were given a supplement to their normal diets of vegetable oil (4.8 g n-6 PUFA's) for 4 weeks and were then randomized to the same oil or to fish oil (4.8 g n-3 PUFA's) for 12 weeks. Both oil supplements resulted in a statistically significant decrease in AT III activity, but there were no differences between the two different types of PUFA's. Antithrombin III antigen, protein C antigen or activity did not change significantly after either oil supplement. The background and significance for the decrease in antithrombin III activity induced by n-3 and n-6 PUFA's in patients with ischaemic heart disease is unknown.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Haemostatic aspects of renal transplantation.

Platelet function and protein C activity and antigen level was studied in 31 renal transplant recipients and 10 healthy controls. The patients were divided into three groups: (I) cyclosporin treated, (II) azathioprine treated, and (III) azathioprine treated patients with chronic rejection. The platelet function in the renal transplant patients was normal and there was no difference between groups I and II. The specific activity of protein C was decreased in patients after renal transplantation and decreasing protein C activity and progressive renal failure was found to be positively correlated in the azathioprine treated groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of fish oil on lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with angina pectoris.

The effect of fish oil on lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis was investigated in patients with stable angina pectoris. The patients were given a daily supplement of 4.5 g n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's) for 4 weeks and were then randomized to the same oil or to fish oil (4.5 g n-3 PUFA's) for 12 weeks. Blood samples were taken before and after 16 weeks of oil supplementation. Lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis were measured in 14 patients treated with fish oil. There was a significant decrease in triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins but unexpectedly a significant increase in total cholesterol from 5.9 to 6.7 mmol/l after fish oil. The fibrinolytic activity at rest determined by the fibrin plate method showed a decrease after fish oil. Other measurements did not reveal any statistically significant changes. These finding necessitate caution with uncontrolled supplementation with fish oil in patients with stable angina pectoris.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1987

Fish oil in angina pectoris.

The effect of 12 weeks supplementation with fish oil on the number of anginal attacks and consumption of glyceryltrinitrate in 36 patients with stable angina pectoris was evaluated in a clinically controlled trial using a vegetable oil as placebo. Fish oil caused a decrease in frequency of angina, but was not significantly superior to placebo. However, due to the small sample size and a high spontaneous variation in number of anginal attacks, a risk of up to 50% of overlooking a 30% reduction in anginal attacks could be estimated. A significant inhibition of the epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and a significant increase in intraplatelet cyclic AMP were induced by fish oil.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1987

Tuberous sclerosis. CT findings versus clinical state.

Even though tuberous sclerosis has been known and diagnosed for almost a century, it is the last decade which has contributed with the largest amount of information of this entity, especially intracranially due to the widespread use of CT investigations. Like any other type of diagnostic radiology, CT will not always correlate to clinics as expected, which we would like to demonstrate in these two case-stories.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Perforated peptic ulcer--a complication in acute salicylate intoxication.

A patient with perforated peptic ulcer following acute salicylate intoxication is presented. The patient had reversible renal failure requiring dialysis therapy, but no abdominal symptoms were noticed until six days after arrival. At this time haematemesis and melaena were observed. Symptoms and objective findings were vague, but further investigations revealed a perforated prepyloric ulcer, which was successfully treated with cimetidine, The delay from intoxication to symptoms has previously been described and might be due to the analgetic properties of salicylates.

Acute Disease↗