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Biomedical subjects

E B Mazo

Publications and source records attributed to E B Mazo.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative value of molecular forms of prostate-specific antigen in diagnosis of prostatic cancer].

The aim of the study was to compare diagnostic significance of free PSA (fPSA)/total PSA (tPSA) versus PSA complex with alpha1-antichymotrypsin (cPSA) in tPSA level within 4-10 ng/ml in differential diagnosis of prostatic cancer (PC). A complete urological examination (digital rectal test, transrectal ultrasound investigation, serum assay for fPSA and tPSA, multifocal transperineal prostatic biopsy) was made in 108 patients with tPSA blood level 4-10 ng/ ml. Prostatic adenoma (PA) was histologically verified in 61 of 108 patients, fPSA/tPSA was normal. In the other 39 of 108 patients fPSA/tPSA was under 15% while cPSA was in the range 3.8-9.6 ng/ml. A course of etiotropic therapy of chronic prostatic inflammation produced no significant changes in fPSA/tPSA and cPSA in 28 out of 39 patients. Histologically, these 28 patients had PC. In the rest 11 of 39 patients chronic prostatitis treatment fPSA/tPSA significantly rose to 18.2%, on the average. CPSA decreased to 2.4 ng/ml. These 11 patients were found histologically to have PA and signs of chronic inflammation. In 8 of 108 patients fPSA/tPSA was not indicative of PC being 18,2% on the average while cPSA indicated the presence of PC and was 4.2 ng.ml, on the average. PC was verified histologically in these 8 patients. Thus, cPSA in PC suspects is more informative than fPSA/tPSA in PC diagnosis. CPSA in the serum depends on prostatic inflammation making difficult differential diagnosis of PC in interpretation of tPSA, fPSA/tPSA and cPSA. Therefore, estimation of PSA variants and molecular forms in PC suspects and prostatic inflammation should be made after etiotropic therapy.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of ureteral function in formulation of indications for endoscopic treatment of neuromuscular dysplasia of the ureters in adults].

Function of the affected ureter was studied with multichannel impedance ureterography in 6 adult patients (age 18-35 years) with neuromuscular ureteral dysplasia (NUD). Of them, 5 patients had compensated ureteral contractility. These patients received endoscopic therapy with Ho-laser consisting of circular ablation of congenital stricture of intramural portion of the ureter. Control examinations (maximal follow-up 6 years) demonstrated a significant stable decrease in dilatation of the upper urinary tracts.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prediction of clinical efficacy of levitra (vardenafil) in patients with arteriogenic erectile dysfunction].

Oral inhibitors of phosphodiesterase of type 5 (PDE-5) are drugs of choice in therapy of erectile dysfunction (ED). However, 20-30% patients do not respond to them. We studied potentialities of ultrasonic investigation (UI) of postcompression increase in cavernous arteries diameter (PICAD) after intake of vardenafil (levitra, Bayer&GlaxoSmithKline) which is a PDE-5 inhibitor in prediction of clinical efficacy of this medicine. A total of 75 males with ED participated in the study. Significant correlations were found between PICAD after vardenafil administration and clinical efficacy of the drug in patients with arteriogenic ED. The highest response to the drug was observed at PICAD value > or = 50%. High sensitivity and specificity of the PICAD threshold value obtained indicate high potentialities of the method in decision making on treatment policy in patients with organic ED.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The x-ray endovascular treatment of renin-dependent arterial hypertension with secondary aldosteronism in patients without vasorenal involvement].

In 20% of cases, essential hypertension is of high renin pathogenesis which is indifferent of that of renal lesions. In these patients high blood pressure is closely related to high aldosterone generation due to elevated angiotensin II levels. Adrenal blood portalization is a possible way of abolishing secondary aldosteronism and hyperreninemia in this case. With this, 90-98% aldosterone and 20-30% renin are inactivated, which served as the basis for bilateral electrocoagulation of adrenal central veins in 13 patients with permanent and malignant arterial hypertension. The renin-dependent pattern of essential hypertension was confirmed by a positive BP response to a tested captopril dose (25 mg), the vasorenal one was ruled out on the basis of the peripheral captopril test, captopril pharmacorenography. Bilateral electrocoagulation of adrenal central veins was performed during a phlebographic examination. The manipulation proved to be successful on 11 (85%) left and 9 (70%) right adrenals. Blood pressure became lower in the first day and stable on days 4-5. There was a significant decrease in blood pressure at a year follow-up, in increased aldosterone levels, plasma renin activity with unchanged adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations. After the manipulation, 2 patients refused to take antihypertensive drugs, 11 patients received lower doses of drugs. The method for abolishing secondary aldosteronism is considered to be promising for further clinical studies. A special attention should be given to patients with diseases concomitant with essential hypertension who have no alternative to surgical treatment.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The diagnostic importance of determining prostaglandins in patients with nephrogenic arterial hypertension].

The study included 15 patients with nephrogenic hypertension of various genesis. 13 of them had unilateral disease, 2 bilateral one. The diagnosis was established from the data provided by a single captopril test, radionuclide and angiographic examinations. The blood for renin and prostaglandin quantitation was obtained from the renal veins and infrarenal portion of the vena cava inferior. The results show that in unilateral renal lesions prostaglandin E secretion on the affected side was significantly lower than on the contralateral side (p less than 0.05). Plasma renin activity in 3 patients with a contracted kidney was significantly lower on the affected side (p less than 0.05), though the rest 10 patients were reported to exhibit opposite results. No significant relationships occurred in the levels of prostaglandins I2, F2 alpha, thromboxane A2. It is suggested that renal ischemia may inhibit synthesis of depressor prostaglandin E2 in renal medullary interstice. A separate analysis is presented of plasma renin and prostaglandin activity in 2 cases of nephrogenic hypertension as a result of bilateral renal affection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of renal arterio- and phlebography on the function of the renin-angiotensin and hypophyseal-adrenal systems].

Based on the analysis of a RX-ray study and a selective blood test for the activity of the plasma renin, aldesterone, hydrocortisone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in 57 patients with arterial hypertension--14 persons without renal failure, 14 ones regularly treated by hemodialysis, 29 patients with left orthostatic varicocele--the authors demonstrated the impact of the renal arterio- and phlebography on the hormone levels studied. Arteriography resulted in an increase in the absolute value of the renal vein renin mean 2.1-fold, aldosterone, 3.3-fold and hydrocortisone, 1.7-fold. A 2.2-fold increase in the renin activity and a 2.6-fold increase in the levels of aldosterone and hydrocortisone noted in all the patients were the result of retrograde renal phlebography. No correlations were established between the changes in hormone levels and the central mechanism of the secretion regulation (ACTH). Radiopaque investigations of the patients with arterial hypertension gave 22 per cent of false positive results with regard to the site of renin secretion and 18 per cent of those with regard to the participation of the studied kidney in renin secretion. The authors supposed a possible regulation of adrenal mineralocorticoid performance by a retrograde blood flow appeared through the adrenal central veins that was induced by phlebography--related elevation of blood pressure in the renal vein.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The diagnosis and treatment of arterial hypertension in patients on hemodialysis treatment and after a kidney allograft].

Analysis of examination and treatment of 104 patients who were periodically exposed to hemodialysis and 60 persons who sustained the allotransplantation of a cadaveric kidney enabled the authors to reveal the incidence of arterial hypertension before and after the transplantation. Pronounced arterial hypertension (AH) was documented in patients who were treated with hemodialysis sessions for the proper renal diseases developed in angionephrosclerosis (chronic glomerulo- and pyelonephritis). In those who sustained the transplantation, AH was pronounced in case of acute of chronic rejection, transplanted artery stenosis of renal renin hyperproduction. Higher incidence of AH (2.3-fold higher) was observed in posttransplantation patients with the native kidney left. It correlated with higher peripheral plasma renin activity (RRA). The authors suggested that the scheme should be used for the diagnosis of AH manifestation both before and after the transplantation which included the account for the cause of the disease terminal stage, the character of the AH variance in hemodialysis captopril testing, radiocardiographic examination, indirect renal angiography (99-Tc pertechnetate) or selective blood testing for RPA in case bilateral nephrectomy should be made in two stages. For the patients who had sustained the transplantation of the kidney, the diagnostic scheme should include a double pulse Doppler sonography, arteriographic investigation of the transplant and pharmacorenography with a captopril load test. Advisability of captopril stimulation of renin secretion during the selective sampling of the blood was demonstrated. The authors verified the time-course of renin activity, the concentration of aldosterone, cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone in patients with a history of bilateral nephrectomy, defined the indications for bilateral nephrectomy associated with AH and discussed its possible outcomes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of the functional interrelation of the adrenals and testes in the pathogenesis of sterility in patients with left-sided varicocele].

Selective renal phlebography, phlebotonometry, selective analysis of the blood from the renal veins and vena cava inferior for the activity of plasma renin, catecholamines, prostaglandins E2, pO2 and pCO2, peripheral blood analysis for levels of progesterone, androstendione, testosterone, ACTH, ACTH-tolerance test, orchidometry, ejaculate microscopy, evaluation of seminal plasma testosterone, trochanter index and parameters of sexual maturation were performed during the treatment of 70 patients with left varicocele. Based on the results the authors concluded that not only the left testicle, but the left adrenal was involved in the course of organic renal venous hypertension. A significant feedback correlation was revealed between the peripheral blood progesterone and the left kidney venous pressure (r = -0.50, p less than 0.01) and between the peripheral blood progesterone and the number of motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate (r = -0.31, p less than 0.05). Pathogenesis of organic renal venous hypertension and spermatogenesis failure were supplemented by the conclusion that the left adrenal central vein was the first to involve into the compensation of venous hypertension. Retrograde alterations in the direction of the blood flow in the left adrenal central vein resulted in the abnormal stimulation of steroidogenesis in the cortical layer. The excessive production of antiandrogenic steroid hormones by the left adrenal gland was a cause of spermatogenesis damage in both testicles. The blockage of the left adrenal androgenic hormones of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system can deteriorate the process.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of disorders of mineralocorticoid function of the adrenal glands in the development of infertility in patients with left-side varicocele].

A combined study, including phlebography, phlebotonometry, orchidometry, morphometric determination of microcirculatory testicular volume, microscopic and biochemical ejaculate studies, determination of peripheral blood levels of adrenocortical mineral glucocorticoid hormones before and after ACTH administration in the blood, sampled from various veins prior to phlebography, assessment of osmolality, pO2 and pCO2 in the blood samples from spermatic venous plexus, left renal vein and intrarenal portion of the vena cava inferior, and determination of plasma renin activity in renal veins, was conducted in 55 patients with varicocele. A considerable increase in orthostatic blood pressure of the left spermatic venous plexus is demonstrated that may be due to retrograde blood flow in the left testicular venous plexus, resulting in a microcirculatory disturbance and gradual atrophy of a testicle. There was a correlation between the severity of varicocele and left-testicular volume which was absent for total testicular volume, while microcirculatory volumes of the testes differed significantly, suggesting the absence of hemodynamic disorders in the contralateral testicle and, consequently, no spermatogenetic impairment due to hemodynamic changes in cases of a unilateral varicocele. Phlebographic and phlebotonometric evidence points to a retrograde blood flow through the central vein of the left adrenal. The results of adrenal functional studies demonstrate a significant tendency to adrenal hypersynthesis of aldosterone and cortisol in patients with varicocele. A correlation demonstrated between peripheral blood cortisol level and the proportion of spermatozoa with abnormal headpiece structure in the ejaculate has suggested a cause-and-effect relationship between adrenal dysfunction and infertility in patients with varicocele.

Adolescent↗