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Biomedical subjects

E B Mazo

Publications and source records attributed to E B Mazo.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pharmaco-profilometry using alpha-1a adrenergic blockers in the diagnosis of dynamic infravesical obstruction in the vesicourethral zone segment].

Alpha-blockers decrease sympathetic influence and thus lower pressure in bladder neck region. Pharmacoprofilometry with tamsulosin was used in diagnostic dynamic outlet obstruction in 43 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in 17 patients with urethral stricture. 12 BPH patients with positive results of the test received tamsulosin in a single daily dose 0.4 mg. After 3 months the subjective symptom score significantly improved in all the patients. Stenosis of the urethra and bladder neck was found in 17 patients who had micturation disturbance in different periods after prostatectomy. In 9 patients urethral pressure in the region of the bladder neck decreased after 3 days of tamsulosin treatment given a single daily dose 0.4 mg. Urethrotomy without bladder neck resection was performed in these patients. Three months later average Q max increased from 6 ml/s to 18 ml/s and residual urine decreased from 112 ml to 30 ml. Selective alpha-blocker profilometry allows to distinguish between organic and functional neck stenosis and choose the necessary treatment.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[MRI of penis and pelvic floor in examination of erectile dysfunction pathogenesis in patients after perineal blunt injury and choice of treatment policy].

Since 1995 we have treated 18 patients (age 17-52 years) after blunt perineal injury. 14 of them suffered from erectile dysfunction (ED). All the patients underwent examination which consisted of the standard tests and modern techniques: pharmacological dopplerography, electromyography of the penis with pharmacological loading, NMR-tomography of the perineum and the penis. NMR-tomography helped in identification of anatomic structures of the penis and pelvic fundus, pathological tissue processes (hematomas, damaged tissues, fibrous scars) after blunt injury of the perineum responsible for ED. The latter resulted from arterial (100%), venous (33.3%) and neurogenic (11.1%) lesions. Basing on the formulated pathogenetic conception it was possible to design diagnostic algorithm and policy of combined treatment of patients with ED following perineal blunt injury allowing for the time of the trauma and characteristics of the injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Temporary sacral neuromodulation in patients with urge incontinence].

We studied the effect of temporary sacral (S3) nerve stimulation in patients with urge incontinence (UI) who were subjected to percutaneous nerve evaluation of the S3 roots as a temporary screening test during 12 days to determine response to neuromodulation. All 18 patients (14 women and 4 men) underwent S3 neuromodulation. The response was assessed by a detailed voiding diary, symptom score and objective outcome was analyzed with urodynamic studies. We noticed a decrease of the average voiding frequency, the number of leakage episodes and pads use per 24 h in 10 days of S3 neuromodulation and returning to baseline symptoms in 20 days after completing S3 neuromodulation. Cystometrograms demonstrated increased cystometric capacity and decreased frequency and amplitude of unstable contractions. Correlation between symptomatic and urodynamic effects was incomplete. Temporary S3 neuromodulation relieved symptoms in UI patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dose correcting factors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction with viagra].

28 patients with erectile dysfunction of different origin received viagra (25, 50 or 100 mg depending on the effect and tolerance). The examination on the treatment week 4, 8 and 12 stated a 85% response. It was found that patients with body mass more than 90 kg benefited most in the dose 100 mg. Maximal single dose 100 mg is recommended for patients over 65 years of age. A 100% response was observed in patients with psychogenic and arteriogenic erectile dysfunction. Low effectiveness of viagra in patients with neurogenic erectile dysfunction can be explained by damaged parasympathetic nerve fibers. Thus, in the decision on viagra dose it is advisable to consider the patient's body mass, age and etiology of erectile dysfunction.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ho-YAG laser endoscopic treatment of ureteral strictures].

Ho-YAG-laser radiation with wave length 2.09 microns is a perspective line in high-energy laser treatment of urinary diseases. The authors have performed 24 operations in 23 patients with ureteral strictures. The antegrade approach was used in 11 patients while the retrograde one in 12 cases. Primary or secondary strictures occurred in 8 and 15 patients, respectively. Dissection and ablation of the scar tissues were conducted in 15 patients with secondary strictures. Cut of the stricture only was made in 8 patients with primary strictures. Ho-YAG-laser endoscopic treatment of secondary and primary ureteral strictures reached 93.3%(14 patients) and 75%(6 patients), respectively. Overall efficacy was 88.2%(20 patients). Ho-YAG-laser endopyeloplasty promoted quicker recovery of urodynamic and functional parameters of the upper urinary tract.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Finasteride in prolonged therapy of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

The efficiency of finasteride alone and in combination with alpha 1-adrenoblocker tamsulasine in long (2-4 years) treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia is analyzed, based on published reports and the author's data. Specific features of long finasteride therapy are discussed: decrease in the level of prostatic specific antigen, no effect in case of concomitant infectious chronic prostatitis, more stable result in combination with tamsulasine, higher efficiency of finasteride after a previous course of therapy for prostatitis. Indications for finasteride therapy are defied. The results of finasteride therapy directly correlate with the size of the prostate in 78% patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electromyographic evidence in conservative treatment of stress enuresis in women].

Electromyography (EMG) with needle electrodes of urethral and anal sphincters was performed in 32 patients with stress enuresis (SE). All the patients received conservative treatment as pelvic fundus exercise by Kegel (17 patients), use of vaginal cones (4 patients), ESMP-15-1 device electrostimulation (11 patients). In treatment failure, SE was corrected surgically. The response was assessed 8 weeks after the treatment. Satisfactory results were obtained in 23(72%) women. Reinnervation of urethral sphincter and the anus of different severity was found in 13(41%) and 30(97%) patients, respectively. Denervation in urethral and anal sphincter occurred in 4(13%) and 6(19%) patients, respectively. The comparison of the results of treatment and EMG findings has shown that good results were achieved only in patients with moderate reinnervation of the sphincters. Patients with denervation and/or severe reinnervation of the sphincters did not benefit from the conservative therapy or its result was minimal. It is shown that needle EMG is a reliable method of assessing the condition of urethral and anal sphincters and helps to make timely choice of SE treatment in women.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of chronic bacterial prostatitis on changes in concentration and free and total prostatic specific antigen in the serum and urine from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic cancer].

A comprehensive urological examination was performed in 145 men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Concentrations of total prostatic specific antigen (TPSA) suggested prostatic cancer (PC) in 38 patients while finger rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonic investigation gave no evidence for this diagnosis. All the patients have symptoms of chronic prostatitis (CP). All the patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis have undergone a course of antibacterial treatment after which the levels of TPSA and free prostatic specific antigen (FPSA) were evaluated. A polyposition biopsy of the prostate was also made. By its results two groups of patients were formed: 20 patients with BPH and CP (group 1) and 12 patients with CP and PC or prostatic ultraepithelial neoplasia. Low blood concentrations of TPSA high FPSA/TPSA, low urinary concentrations of TPSA and FPSA were registered after antibacterial and antiinflammatory treatment of CP combined with BPH. It is inferred that chronic bacterial prostatitis has a significant effect on PSA expression in BPH. This fact should be considered in interpretation of PSA values.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Temporary ureteral stents in patients with neuorgenic dysfunction of the urinary bladder].

Biodegradable spiral stents were used in the treatment of detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia (4 patients) and detrusor areflexia with external sphincter spasticity (3 patients). All these patients had spinal injuries. After the stent placement all the patients could urinate almost without residual urine. In patients with detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia mean voiding pressure was 79 cm water before treatment and 37 cm 10 weeks after the stent introduction. Biodegradable spiral stents are a promising treatment for patients with neurogenic bladder.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Temporary sacral and tibial neuromodulation in treating patients with overactive urinary bladder].

The effects of temporary sacral (S3) stimulation and posterior tibial nerve stimulation were studied in patients with the overactive urinary bladder. Unilateral temporal (10 days) electrical stimulation of the S3 sacral spinal nerve (32 patients) and posterior tibial nerve stimulation (18 patients) were used to treat this abnormality. There was a decrease in the average frequency of voiding, in the number of leakage episodes and used pads per day after both stimulations. An over 50% symptomatic improvement was achieved in 19 of the 32 patients and after temporary sacral (S3) stimulation and in 14 of the patients following posterior tibial nerve stimulation. Neuromodulation is an effective treatment in patients with the overactive bladder.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sildenafil and alprostadil in the combined drug therapy of erectile dysfunction].

Forty-four patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) aged 21-72 years aged 21-72 years (mean age 61 years) were examined and treated with sildenafil and alprostadil monotherapy or combined therapy. ED was psychogenic in 9(20.5%), arterial in 12(27.2%), vein occlusive in 9(20.5%) and neurogenic in 14(31.8%) patients. Monotherapy was most effective in psychogenic ED (alprostadil--100%, sildenafil--88.9%), least effective in vein occlusive ED (alprostadil--33.3%, sildenafil--22.2%). Alprostadil was more effective in arterial and neurogenic ED (83.3 vs 66.7 and 78.6 vs 57.1%, respectively). Combination of the two drugs produced much high response: 100, 85.7 and 55.5% in arterial, neurogenic and vein occlusive ED, respectively. Thus, combined treatment with sildenafil and alprostadil is a method of choice in the treatment of ED in failure of monotherapy with these drugs or in vein occlusive ED. In the combined treatment dose of the drugs, number of side effects and cost of therapy are lower.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Afferent stimulation of the tibial nerve in patients with hyperactive bladder].

36 patients with overactive bladder (24 with idiopathic detrusor instability; 12 with detrusor hyperreflexia due to multiple sclerosis) underwent percutaneous afferent neuromodulation. The treatment consisted of percutaneous insertion of a 34-gauge solid stainless steel needle at a point of 5 cm cephald from the medial malleolus. The patients were treated weekly for 12 weeks for 30 minutes. A subjective effect was assessed using a dairy. An objective effect was analysed by urodynamic studies. We noticed a decrease in the average voiding frequency, number of leakage episodes and pad use per 24 hours after 12 sessions of the stimulation. Symptomatic improvement of more than 50% was achieved in 28 of 36 patients. No significant adverse events related to the treatment were observed. Thus, stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve is effective in patients with overactive bladder.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tonocardin (doxazosin) in treating lower urinary tract symptoms].

Twenty seven patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), acute voiding problem, chronic prostatitis, neurogenic hyperactive urinary bladder, interstitial cystitis were treated with tonocardin (doxasosine) in a dose 1 to 4 mg. Patients after discharge from hospital and outpatients continued taking tonocardin for 6 months. The results obtained show high efficacy of tonocardin in LUTS and adequate life quality maintenance in patients with BPH especially in its complications (7 patients resumes normal voiding). Tonocardin is well tolerated by elderly patients and does not interact with cardiovascular drugs.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗