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Biomedical subjects

E B Cohen

Publications and source records attributed to E B Cohen.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Gastrointestinal complications in renal transplant recipients.

In a 16-year study, 101 gastrointestinal (GI) lesions (16 fatal) developed in 580 renal transplant recipients seen in the authors' institution. Lesions were seen at all levels of the GI tract, but colonic lesions were the most common (42 patients) and were fatal in 8. Segmental ischemic colitis was the single most common morphologic diagnosis (14 patients). Seven of these patients had an unusual syndrome that clinically, at surgery, and on gross examination resembled inflammatory bowel disease. Lesions were segmental; involved bowel was thickened and erythematous with creeping peritoneal fat. Histologically, mucosa adjacent to the frank necrosis showed simplification and striking epithelial atypia. Specific identifiable viral infections caused 28% of the GI complications in this series. This incidence is higher than that in other reported series. Most of these infections can be diagnosed from endoscopically obtained material. These findings have therapeutic implications.

Colon↗
PubMed1985

Unexpectedly high incidence of cytomegalovirus infection in apparent peptic ulcers in renal transplant recipients.

Gastroduodenal ulcers in renal transplant recipients are usually accepted as being acid-peptic in origin. In a series of 573 renal transplant recipients there was histologic material available for examination from eight patients with gastroduodenal ulcers and three patients with gastric erosions. All ulcers had originally been diagnosed as peptic or stress ulcers. However, on review, five of them proved to contain cytomegalovirus (CMV); CMV was also present in all the stomachs with erosions. We suggest that CMV infection plays as important a role in upper gastroduodenal ulcers and erosions in renal transplant recipients as it does in similar lesions elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract of these immunosuppressed patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The relationship of histamine H2 receptor-bearing suppressor cells with the growth and metastasis of FANFT-induced bladder cancer.

A poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma in C3H/He mice results from the oral ingestion of the urinary tract carcinogen FANFT. This model, designated MBT2, is readily transplantable into syngeneic animals and has proven to be very useful in the development of chemotherapy. Prior to the use of this model for the testing of potential immunotherapeutic strategies, we have attempted to characterize the immunobiology of this tumor line. We report that the primary growth of this tumor in the footpad and its metastasis to lung are correlated with the development of increased numbers of suppressor cells, characterized by the expression of a surface histamine H2 receptor. These cells are originally evident in spleen and become maximal approximately 4 weeks after tumor implantation. This is followed by the migration of these cells from spleen to peripheral blood, an event that parallels the growth and eventual metastasis of this implanted transitional cell carcinoma. These events may have important significance for the development of immunomodulating therapy against bladder cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Villous tumors of the duodenum: a clinicopathologic study.

Eight villous tumors of the duodenum were found and studied in a review of surgical and autopsy material collected over 30 years. Although the number of cases is small, it is nevertheless one of the largest single series on this lesion that has been reported. The purposes of the study were (1) to describe the histopathology of the lesions and (2) to test the diagnostic criteria of malignancy previously proposed in the literature. Of the large number of criteria studied, none, alone or in combination, proved reliable indicators of malignancy; even in this small series exceptions could be found. Of all the criteria tested, however, secondary gland formation was found to be the most reliable. The value of endoscopic biopsies in establishing the preoperative diagnosis of malignancy in this lesion seems to be analogous to that in similar colonic lesions. Prognostic and therapeutic criteria are discussed. In addition, the pertinent literature is reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Biochemical analysis of specific histamine HI and H2 receptors on lymphocytes.

It is increasingly clear that histamine mediates a variety of lymphocyte functions. Further understanding of these mechanisms requires a method for the analysis of histamine membrane receptors on the lymphocyte surface. We report now a biochemical technique for the identification and quantitation of specific histamine H1 and H2 receptors of lymphocytes. The method can be performed on small numbers of formaldehyde-fixed cells. The data this assay yields, together with that resulting from the flow cytometric analysis of histamine receptor distribution (a technique we have previously described), will be a powerful tool in the study of histamine mediation of lymphocyte function.

Histamine↗
PubMed1980

A technique for the flow cytometric analysis of lymphocytes bearing histamine receptors.

Histamine receptors have been demonstrated on lymphocyte membranes by a variety of techniques. We now report a method that allows for the flow cytometric analysis of histamine receptors on human peripheral T cells. Histamine is conjugated to fluoresceinated human albumin by the coupling agent ECDI. This conjugated histamine compound (FHA-his) binds to approximately 45% of T cells. Fluoresceinated human albumin alone (FHA), not conjugated to histamine, does not bind to T cells. In addition, unconjugated histamine can inhibit completely the binding seen with FHA-his. We conclude that this technique demonstrates specific FHA-his binding to histamine receptors on T cells and can be used to determine the number of cells bearing such receptors. In addition, the reagent could be used with a cell sorter to isolate distinct histamine-receptor-bearing (HR+) cells for further immunologic study.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1978

Responses of feline esophagus to cervical vagal stimulation.

We used an in vivo feline model to study striated and smooth-muscle esophageal responses to cervical vagal stimulation (VS). Circular esophageal contractions were measured by intraluminal pressure sensors and longitudinal contractions by a force transducer. Responses to VS were recorded before and after giving succinylcholine, atropine, or both. Circular contractions characteristic of striated and smooth muscle were recorded from the mid- and distal esophagus, respectively. With increases in VS frequency, the striated muscle showed rapid, repetitive twitches progressing to tetany. These fast contractions had a square-wave configuration at VS greater than or equal to 10 Hz and were abolished by succinylcholine. In contrast, the slow-twitch circular responses of smooth muscle showed no repetitive twitches and had a bell-shaped configuration. Two types of circular smooth-muscle contractions were observed: 1) A wave "on contractions" occurred 0.5-1.0 s after VS onset, regardless of stimulus length, and 2) infrequent B wave "off contractions" occurred only after stimulus cessation. The longitudinal esophageal contractions had a compound wave form with both striated and smooth-muscle components. Atropine abolished the slow component of the longitudinal contraction, the circular A wave, and peristalsis in the distal esophagus. We conclude that cholinergic motor neurons are an important pathway for eliciting peristalsis in feline esophageal smooth muscle.

Animals↗