[Chronobiological nature of brain cognitive disturbances].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E B Arushanian.
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In rats, swimming stress enhanced functional activity of the hippocampus' pyramidal neurones as manifested by diminishing of the glycogen contents, increasing amount of nucleic acids, augmented nucleus/cytoplasm ratio.
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Destruction of the circadian pacemaker: suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus, enhances the anxiety, sympathetic tone, and induced a reorganising of the time course of forced swimming. In rats under acute stress, these shifts were more obvious. Primary disorganisation of rhythmical processes seems to augment animals' sensitivity to stress.
After bilateral lesion of dorsal hippocampus increase of the level of corticosterone and motility in night and decrease in daytime were observed.
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Epiphysisectomy was shown to increase depression in swimming rats, whereas epiphysisectomy combined with blending decreased it. Epiphysisectomy alone affected the minute rhythms of haloperidol catalepsy while the combined action was less obvious.
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Daily variations the heart rate variability were observed. Pinealectomy increased the sympathetic tone and shifted its acrophase to earlier hours in rats.
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Electrolytic lesion of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) increased the swimming activity, shortens the immobility time and decreases the depression rhythmic index in rats. These changes seem to be due to a disorganizing of functional interrelationships among the SCN, pineal gland and striatum.
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Mathematical analysis of the heart rate variability enables one to determine the activity of the sympathetic nervous system at different time of day in rats. A correlation was found between the cardiac intervalogram parameters and the dynamics of rats' circadian motility. Intensification of locomotor activity by day was accompanied by an increase in the sympathetic tone.
The analysis of heart rate in patients with ischemic heart disease revealed its differences in different periods of a day. In severe disease forms, the daily fluctuation range of some cardiointervalogram parameters is higher and their acrophase is shifted to the night and early morning hours.
At night a more effective attenuation of sympathetic activity by acute and chronic propranolol was observed. Single use of the drug in other daytime was accompanied by irregular changes in the neuronal control of heart activities. This irregularity was intensified after repeated treatment of beta-adrenoblocker and led to the stable increase of the sympathetic tone in the morning and day hours.