Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Ariji

Publications and source records attributed to E Ariji.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Power Doppler sonography of cervical lymph nodes in patients with head and neck cancer.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the usefulness of power Doppler sonography in differentiating metastatic from nonmetastatic cervical lymph nodes in patients with cancer. METHODS: Histologically proved metastatic (n = 71) and nonmetastatic (n = 220) lymph nodes were examined with power Doppler sonography in 77 patients with head and neck cancer. Power Doppler sonography was assessed for its ability to differentiate metastatic from nonmetastatic lymph nodes. RESULTS: Power Doppler sonography showed characteristic features of parenchymal blood flow signal in 59 (83%) of the 71 metastatic lymph nodes. By contrast, only four (2%) of the 220 nonmetastatic nodes showed these power Doppler signals. In addition, power Doppler sonography showed high levels of sensitivity (83%) and specificity (98%) in depicting metastatic lymph nodes, which were superior to the values (66% sensitivity and 92% specificity) obtained by applying size criteria (transverse to longitudinal ratio). However, a combination of the two criteria (parenchymal color signal and transverse to longitudinal ratio) improved diagnostic accuracy to 92% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary findings suggest that the power Doppler criteria of no hilar flow, peripheral parenchymal nodal flow, and a transverse to longitudinal ratio of more than 0.65 together constitute a powerful tool for depicting metastatic lymph nodes in patients with cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Computed tomography appearance of marked keratinization of metastatic cervical lymph nodes: a case report.

A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is reported with emphasis on an atypical finding of cervical lymph node metastasis visible on computed tomography. Multiple cervical lymph nodes revealed a high computed tomographic value of about 330 HU, lower than that of calcification. The lymph nodes revealed well-defined elliptical hyperechoic masses with an echogenic line and posterior shadow on ultrasonography. The appearance of a high density mass on computed tomography with a computed tomographic value lower than that of calcification may be a reliable finding of metastasis because it demonstrates the presence of marked keratinization produced by squamous cell carcinoma.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1997

Computed tomography of carcinoma of the upper gingiva and hard palate: correlation with the surgical and histopathological findings.

OBJECTIVES: To clarify the diagnostic utility of CT in the evaluation of carcinoma of the maxillary gingiva and hard palate. METHODS: The CT scans of 27 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper gingiva and hard palate were reviewed. Tumor extent and bone destruction were compared with the surgical and histopathological findings to estimate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CT. RESULTS: The primary tumor was detected by CT in 89% of patients. The grade of bone destruction determined by CT correlated well with that verified at surgery or by histopathological examination. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT for invasion to the buccal mucosa were 64%, 89% and 75% respectively. For maxillary sinus invasion, CT showed low specificity but high sensitivity. The accuracy was 86% when the criterion for sinus invasion was the presence of an enhanced mass continuous with the primary tumor. CONCLUSION: CT is helpful for the evaluation of tumor extent in the upper gingiva and hard palate carcinoma. However, invasion of the maxillary sinus should be considered carefully, because CT findings suggestive of destruction of the floor of the maxillary sinus are not always consistent with sinus invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A remote conference system for image diagnosis on the World-Wide Web.

OBJECTIVE: The World-Wide Web on the Internet enables an exchange of multimedia information among remote desktop computers. Therefore, a teleradiology system using the Web would allow remote consultation with expert radiologists. Our objective was to establish a Web-based prototype system for image interpretation. CONCLUSION: Our system allows a physician to transmit clinically useful images to an expert radiologist at a different location, who can see them on a Web browser and discuss diagnoses with the physician.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1996

MR imaging of the lacrimal gland. Age-related and gender-dependent changes in size and structure.

PURPOSE: The subject of this study was to define age-related and gender-dependent changes in MR features of the lacrimal gland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: MR images were retrospectively analyzed in 104 normal subjects aged 2-79 years to measure thickness and area of the lacrimal gland, its MR signal intensity ratio, and SD of the MR signal intensity profile. RESULTS: Thickness and area of the lacrimal gland decreased with age in women (p < 0.001), but not in men. Furthermore, MR signal intensity ratio of the lacrimal gland showed an age-related increase in women (p < 0.001), but not in men. On the other hand, SD of the MR signal intensity increased with age in both women and men (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that gender has a significant influence on lacrimal gland structure during development and aging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Computed tomographic indices for maxillary sinus size in comparison with the sinus volume.

OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the normal range of maxillary sinus size and its changes with age on computed tomography (CT) and define convenient indices for sinus size, in addition, to examine the association of the height of the sinus floor with age and status of the dentition. METHODS: The transverse and anteroposterior dimensions of the normal maxillary sinuses in 107 subjects were measured on axial CT and the relationship between these values and the sinus volume analysed. The height of the sinus floor was obtained by measuring the vertical distance from the anterior nasal spine to the sinus floor. RESULTS: The mean transverse and anteroposterior widths of the normal adult maxillary sinuses were 2.70 (s.d., 0.60) cm and 3.56 (s.d., 0.47) cm, respectively. There was a close correlation with sinus volume which could be predicted well from the multiple regression formula. These values increased up to the age of 20 y, but then decreased. There was no significant difference between subjects aged 50-79 years with and without maxillary premolars and molars. The width of the adult sinus correlated with the interzygomatic buttress distance and body weight. The mean height of the adult maxillary sinus floor was 0.37 (s.d., 0.44) cm inferior to the anterior nasal spine. It correlated negatively with sinus volume and fell with age up to 20 y, then rose again. In adults, it was not significantly influenced by the dentition status, and rose in proportion to the decrease in the interzygomatic buttress distance, and body height and weight. CONCLUSION: The transverse and anteroposterior widths of the maxillary sinus on axial CT are convenient indices for its size. The height of the sinus floor altered with changes in sinus volume, but was not directly influenced by the status of the dentition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Texture analysis of sonographic features of the parotid gland in Sjögren's syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop a method for quantitative analysis of the sonographic features of parotid glands as a noninvasive tool for the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sonographic texture analyses were performed on the parotid glands of 44 patients with Sjögren's syndrome, 83 healthy volunteers, and 17 patients with chronic parotitis, using a fast Fourier transform program. RESULTS: Texture analysis of sonographic studies of the parotid gland using a Fourier transform showed that the sum of the normalized radial power spectrum in the low-spatial-frequency region (S value) of the parotid gland was significantly higher (p < .0001) in the patients with definite Sjögren's syndrome [6.70 +/- 2.13 (x10(5))] than in the 72 age-matched normal volunteers [3.25 +/- 1.08 (x10(5))]. However, patients with probable Sjögren's syndrome showed S values [3.92 +/- 1.88 (x10(5))] similar to those of the controls. On the other hand, SDs of the echo levels in the parotid gland showed significantly greater (p < .0001) values in patients with definite (4.63 1.07) and probable (4.53 1.47) Sjögren's syndrome than in the normal controls (3.30 0.76). Discriminant analysis showed that a combination of these two distinctive values increased diagnostic accuracy to 96.9%. Furthermore, S values and SDs correlated well with the qualitative grading of sonographic features and with the gradings of sialography. CONCLUSION: The system we describe for texture analysis of sonographic images is useful in the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Use of intra-operative ultrasonography to detect a small foreign body in the soft tissue of the upper lip.

Real-time ultrasonography was used to detect a small foreign body (a broken tip of a barbed broach) which had migrated into the upper lip of a 26-year-old female from the bone defect of the upper canine apex during root canal treatment 10 months previously. Intra-operative use of ultrasound was of great-help in clarifying the positional relationship between the foreign body and the surgical instruments used, and lead to a satisfactory result.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Imaging features of maxillary osteoblastoma and its malignant transformation.

We report two cases of osteoblastoma, one of them an unusual case in a 32-year-old woman in whom a maxillary tumor was confidently diagnosed as an osteoblastoma at the time of primary excision and subsequently transformed into an osteosarcoma 7 years after the onset of clinical symptoms. The other patient developed osteosarcoma arising in the maxilla, which was diagnosed 3 years after the primary excision and is very suggestive of malignant transformation in osteoblastoma. We present the radiological features, including computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging studies, of this unusual event of transformed tumor and compare imaging features of benign and dedifferentiated counterparts of this rare tumor complex.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia. Radiographic study with special emphasis on computed tomography.

This article describes the computed tomographic and conventional radiographic findings for florid cemento-osseous dysplasia. A low-density thin layer or cystlike area was observed around the high-density masses in the tooth-bearing area in the seven cases studied. Expansion of the buccal and lingual cortical plates was observed in association with cystlike areas, but was infrequently observed in florid cemento-osseous dysplasia not having such areas. The computed tomographic number of the high-density masses ranged from 772 to 1587 Hounsfield Units and was equivalent to that of cementum or cortical bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Ultrasonographic evaluation of inflammatory changes in the masseter muscle.

The ultrasonographic images of 32 patients with inflammatory change in the masseteric region were investigated to clarify the characteristic findings and to evaluate the utility of ultrasonography. Inflamed masseter muscles frequently demonstrated reduction of echo intensity and complete or partial absence of hyperechoic bands. The mean thickness of the masseter muscle on the unaffected side was 8.6 mm, whereas that on the affected side was 12.9 mm. Nine of 10 patients with heterogeneous hypoechoic area, but only 1 of 10 patients with homogeneous hypoechoic area, had received surgical treatment before ultrasonographic examination.

Abscess↗
PubMed1994

Radiographic patterns of osteomyelitis in the mandible. Plain film/CT correlation.

Mandibular osteomyelitis often is associated with involvement of the masticator space. Assessment of mandibular osteomyelitis should therefore involve assessment of soft tissue involvement of the lesion. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between computed tomography patterns and the presence of inflammation in soft tissues. Thirty-three cases diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the mandible were analyzed radiologically with conventional radiographs and with computed tomography scans. Computed tomography patterns of osteomyelitis were classified into four types, lytic, mixed, sclerotic, and sequestrum patterns. Location, extent of the lesion, and change of the cortical plate were evaluated and compared with conventional radiographic findings. Mixed pattern cases displayed diffuse bone abnormalities, which sometimes were accompanied by cortical plate disruption and periosteal reaction. In addition, most mixed pattern cases showed soft tissue involvement, especially of the masseter muscle. Inflammation of the masseter muscle was found to be related to periosteal reaction and disruption of the buccal cortical plate. The data demonstrate a close interaction between cortical plate disruption and muscle inflammation. The extent of inflammation including soft tissue involvement was better appreciated with computed tomography in osteomyelitis, especially in mixed pattern cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Central squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible. Computed tomographic findings.

Five cases of central squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible were investigated with the use of computed tomography. Bucco-lingual extent and spread along the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve were evaluated. Three patients with trismus showed involvement of the masseter or medial pterygoid muscle on computed tomography. Involvement of more than two landmarks along the trigeminal nerve were observed in cases with both paresthesia of the lower lip and severe pain that resembled neuralgia. Perineural invasion was confirmed histologically in four cases, and all of these patients had both severe pain and mandibular canal involvement that could be demonstrated with computed tomography. When localized soft tissue changes are evident along the course of the trigeminal nerve in the region between the mandibular foramen and foramen ovale, ascending perineural spread should be suspected. Computed tomography findings correlated well with clinical symptoms but added information about the spread of the lesion within the surrounding soft tissue.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1994

Studies on the quantitative computed tomography of normal parotid and submandibular salivary glands.

A better understanding of computed tomographic (CT) numbers of normal salivary glands might help make CT diagnosis more accurate. The CT numbers of the parotid and submandibular salivary glands were measured using both non-enhanced and enhanced CT images by setting a circular region of interest (ROI). The normal range of CT numbers, the difference between the CT numbers of right and left glands, and the correlation with age were all investigated. There was a close correlation between the CT numbers of right and left glands. No significant difference was seen between the average of right and left CT numbers in both glands, on either non-enhanced or enhanced CT images. The difference between right and left numbers on enhanced CT were larger than those on non-enhanced CT. A significant difference was seen between the CT numbers of the parotid and submandibular glands. A sex difference was seen on both non-enhanced and enhanced CT images in the parotid gland, while it was only seen on enhanced CT in the submandibular gland. The range as well as the mean of CT numbers in all cases of enhanced CT were larger than those of non-enhanced CT. CT numbers of the parotid glands tended to decrease proportionally with age, up to the age of 40 years; over the age of 40, no relationship could be detected. In the submandibular gland, the difference in the correlation coefficient was not significant between the two age groups. Further investigation into the factors affecting the CT numbers of normal glands is required before they can be used for diagnostic purposes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Age changes in the volume of the human maxillary sinus: a study using computed tomography.

An understanding of the age-related changes in the volume of the normal maxillary sinus will help to identify sinus abnormalities. Normal maxillary sinus volume was measured on axial CT scans in 115 cases, and analysed in relation to age, the presence of premolar and molar teeth, size of the midfacial skeleton and body height and weight. The volume ranged from 4.56-35.21 cm3 (mean: 14.71 +/- s.d. 6.33 cm3) in patients aged over 20 years. There was no significant sex difference and a close correlation between the two sides was found. The volume increased up to the age of 20 years, but then decreased. There was no significant difference in patients with and without maxillary premolars and molars between the ages of 50 and 79 years. The difference in right and left dentitions had no influence on the maxillary sinus volume over the age of 20 years. Adult maxillary sinus volume correlated with the interzygomatic buttress distance. In adult females, there was a significant correlation between the volume and the zygomatic-occipital distance. In adult males, the volume correlated with body height and weight. It appears that volume changes with age might be related to skeletal size and physique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Stafne's bone cavity. Classification based on outline and content determined by computed tomography.

Fifteen cases (16 concavities) of the so-called "Stafne's bone cavity" were investigated with the use of computed tomography. The sizes, bony outlines, and contents were analyzed on axial images. In all cases, computed tomography clearly demonstrated the concavities on the lingual surface of the mandible. There were no empty concavities. The bony outlines and contents were divided into three types. The concavities with a portion of submandibular gland as a content were larger than those with other contents. Four of six concavities not extending to the buccal cortical plate were filled solely with fat tissue, whereas all concavities with expansion of the buccal cortical plate contained submandibular gland.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1993

Analysis of maxillary sinusitis using computed tomography.

Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis can be defined as sinusitis induced by a dental lesion. We examined the CT findings of 68 patients with maxillary sinusitis in order to differentiate between inflammation of sinus origin and inflammation of dental origin. Maxillary sinusitis was classified into four types according to clinical symptoms, history and conventional radiographic findings: type 1, simple sinusitis; type 2, odontogenic sinusitis; type 3, mixed sinusitis; type 4, slight sinus abnormality with a dental lesion. The relationship between the type of maxillary sinusitis and CT findings was analysed. Type 1 sinusitis exhibited severe pathological changes in both mucosa and bone which often extended into the nasal cavity and other paranasal sinuses. Type 2 sinusitis exhibited localized pathology on the unilateral antral floor. Type 3 sinusitis exhibited severe pathology characteristic of type 1 combined with type 2 sinusitis. Type 4 sinusitis could be differentiated by the CT findings into type 1 or type 2 sinusitis. The classification of sinusitis in this manner has implications for treatment planning, and CT should therefore be performed when conventional radiography does not provide sufficient information.

Female↗