Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Albuisson

Publications and source records attributed to E Albuisson.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Synthesis of Mannich bases of arylidenepyridazinones as analgesic agents.

A series of 5-arylidenepyridazin-3-ones substituted in the 2-position by an arylpiperazinoalkyl moiety (2-16) was synthesized and evaluated for analgesic activity. In the phenylbenzoquinone-induced writhing test, Mannich bases 2-14 were the most active compounds (6.1 < or = ED50 < or = 43.0 mg/kg, orally; ED50 is the half-maximal effective dose). Pyridazinones 8 and 9, with a 3-chlorophenylpiperazinomethyl substituent, also exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. The activities in the phenylbenzoquinone-induced writhing test were subjected to a Hansch analysis, and a significant correlation with lipophilicity and Hammett's constants was obtained.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1992

Prostate cancer treated by radiotherapy: a multivariate study.

According to respective proportions of evolutive status groups, results of multivariate studies are difficult to interpret. Among the 1099 cases of local form of prostate cancer, treated by radiotherapy from 1975 to 1982 in 16 French Anticancer Institutes, we can observe two homogeneous status groups of patients: disease-free survivors (285 cases) and patients who died of prostate cancer (278 cases). These correspond to 51% of the whole population. Among other things, they are comparable in size, for age at the beginning of radiotherapy and for delay between histologic diagnostic and radiotherapy. We chose to analyse them using multivariate analysis. To take survival into account, we used a Cox model and Kaplan-Meier curves; the group deceased of prostate cancer was further analyzed by a tree-structured regression method. The Cox model and the Kaplan-Meier curves confirmed two main explicative factors: Stage (p < 0.0001) and tumor grade (p < 0.001). Poorer evolution occurs in extracapsular forms and grade I has better survival than others. The tree-structured regression method indicates two other pejorative factors: hormonotherapy prior to radiotherapy and the presence of cardiovascular pathology. Though the pelvic dose does not appear to be a main explicative factor, it seems to improve survival and delay between radiotherapy and recurrence or metastasis in some categories of cases. Other factors such as tumor dose, age and delay between diagnosis and radiotherapy were not found to be significant. These results cannot be extended to the whole population for which they do not constitute a predictive study. We consider them as "baseline data".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Interstitial iridium-192 for bladder cancer (a multicentric survey: 205 patients).

Interstitial irradiation is a technique currently used in the treatment of bladder cancer. We report the data on 205 patients (177 men and 28 women) treated in eight French centers. The patients had received the following treatment: a short course of pre-operative pelvic irradiation, followed by surgery consisting of partial cystectomy or tumor resection, and implantation of plastic tubes filled with inactive lead wires, which were replaced by iridium 192 wires. The tumor characteristics were: transitional cell carcinoma, 88.8%; mean size of the tumor, 29 mm; pathological stages: pTis, 1; pT1, 98; pT2, 66; pT3a, 26; pT3b, 9; pT4, 1; unknown, 4 respectively; surgical lymph node status: N+, 3; N-, 118; no node dissection, 84. The mean follow-up was 51 months. Intravesical failures were seen in 35 patients (17.0%), 25 (71.4%) of them without metastases or regional recurrences. Twenty-one patients (10.2%) presented distant metastases, 2/3 of them suffered no bladder relapse. The 5-year survival, calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier method (all causes of death taken together) was 77.4% for the T1, 62.9% for the T2, and 46.8% for the T3. Fifty-three patients had immediate side-effects and three died from surgical complications. Twenty-nine patients had delayed bladder side-effects (haematuria, fistula, chronic cystitis). Six patients presented an ureteral stenosis. Of the disease-free survivors, 96.1% retained the bladder function. Three factors were significantly predictive of delayed side-effects: partial cystectomy, pre-operative radiotherapy total dose, and linear activity of the wires (p < 0.01). Comparing our results to different authors' series interstitial irradiation is likely to provide a high local and general control of the disease and good quality of life in patients with selected tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Synthesis and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of triazine derivatives possessing acetic acid group.

N-Acetic acid derivatives of 6-aryl-pyrazolo-triazin-4-ones were synthesized for evaluation as new aldose reductase inhibitors. The intrinsic activity of each compound was assessed by measuring the inhibition of enzymatic activity in an isolated pig lens enzyme preparation. All the prepared compounds exhibited a significant in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory effect (10(-6) M less than or equal to IC50 less than or equal to 10(-4) M). Furthermore, biological activity (log 1/IC50) for most of the data sets could be correlated directly to electronic and steric parameters. Finally, spatial configuration of the most active derivative 6c (IC50 = 2 x 10(-6) M) was compared with that of tolrestat and with pharmacophor requirements of the aldose reductase inhibitor site using a molecular modeling system.

Acetates↗
PubMed1992

Synthesis and aldose reductase inhibitory activity of pyridazine derivatives possessing acetic acid group.

N-acetic acid and S-acetic acid derivatives of 5-arylidene pyridazines were synthesized for evaluation as new aldose reductase inhibitors. Intrinsic activity for each compound was assessed by measuring inhibition of enzymatic activity in an isolated pig lens enzyme preparation. All prepared compounds exhibited a significant in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory effect (10(-5) M less than or equal IC50 less than or equal to 10(-4) M). It was found that lipophilicity was important in increasing activity. Furthermore, this activity (log 1/IC50) could be correlated directly to a lipophilic parameter (log kw) for the whole data set.

Acetates↗
PubMed1991

A study of human jaw movements deduced from scratches on occlusal wear facets.

In a previous investigation, scratches on tooth wear facets provided information about functional movements of the mandible in the occlusal range. Depending on the type of facet observed, two or three main directions were found. The aim now was to answer two questions: (1) how long does it take for a newly formed scratch to disappear? and (2) do the observed orientations of the scratches change over a long period of time? Eleven wear facets from lower first molars were analysed in four subjects with good natural dentition. Scratches recorded on cellulose replicas were observed under an interference microscope. The same wear facets were recorded one, two, three and six months later. From the photographs of the replicas, a sample of scratches was selected at random and their direction was measured. In the first part of the study, scratches absent at the time of the first observation appeared one month later; 87% of the new scratches had disappeared after one month. Ninety-six percent of the same group of scratches had disappeared after two months. In the second part of the study the angle made by each scratch with the sagittal plane was recorded. It was found that: (1) jaw movements in their occlusal phase can take any possible direction and (2) the distribution of the observed scratches was not random; preferential orientations exist and those present on the working facets are different from those on the non-working facets. Similar orientations were identified 6 months later.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Oncologic and functional results of 57 malignant melanoma of the uvea treated by curietherapy].

Fifty-seven uveal malignant melanomas (T2: 36.8%; T3: 49.1%) were treated between 1983 and 1989 with Cobalt 60 or/and Ruthenium 106 Rhodium 106 plaques. The mean follow-up was 32 months (from 6 to 69 months). A diminution of tumor size was observed in 88% of the cases, either rapid and marked (57%), or slower and more moderate (31%). A multivariate study showed the radiation dose administered to the tumor edge to be the most significant parameter associated with the tumor control. Seven patients developed metastases, and the probability of survival at 60 months was 83.3%. This probability was identical to that of 59 comparable patients treated, some years before, by enucleation. The most frequent complications were radiation retinopathy (28.1%) and retinal detachment (15.8%). The treated eye was retained in 86% of cases. In 57% of treated eyes, vision remained better or equal to 0.1. The predictive parameters of vision impairment after treatment seemed to be tumor size, tumor site near the macula and the optic nerve, and the radiation dose to the tumor base. The use of Ruthenium 106 Rhodium 106 appeared to be advantageous in controlling the disease as well as in reducing the incidence of complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Serum alpha-1 acid glycoprotein in chronic renal failure and hemodialysis.

The total concentration and concanavalin A (ConA)-dependent microheterogeneity of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AAG) were studied in thirty hemodialyzed uremic patients and eighteen non-dialyzed uremic patients, by comparison with healthy volunteers. Serum concentrations of AAG were significantly higher in the non-dialyzed uremic (1.27 +/- 0.47 g/l) and hemodialyzed patients (1.29 +/- 0.33 g/l) than in the volunteers (0.79 +/- 0.09 g/l). The proportions of strongly ConA-reactive AAG fractions were also higher in non-dialyzed uremic (16.7%) and hemodialyzed patients (18.5%) than in volunteers (14.1%). These data may be related to an increase in bi-antennary glycans, as observed in patients on peritoneal dialysis, together with a probable change in sialylation. AAG serum levels and microheterogeneity were similar in non-dialyzed and hemodialyzed patients and did not appear in the dialyzed patients to depend on the type of dialysis membrane used, i.e. cuprophan (CU), cellulose acetate (CA), hemophan (HE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polysulfon (PS), in spite of differences in biocompatibility. In patients dialyzed with CA membranes, there was a distinct decrease in the ConA non-reactive fraction (38.0%) and an increase in ConA slightly-reactive (42.2%) and strongly-reactive (19.7%) fractions. Differences in AAG serum levels and ConA reactivity between patients dialyzed with CA and PAN membranes seem to justify further investigations of other acute-phase reactants and immunological parameters.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1990

Leukotriene B4 in hemodialysis.

Leukotrienes are eicosanoids arising from arachidonic acid via 5 lipooxygenase, an enzyme essentially present in leukocyte cells. Leukotriene B4 might be an indicator of neutropolymorphonuclear leukocyte activation when there is contact with artificial membranes. The level of plasmatic leukotriene B4 was measured at three different times during the hemodialysis treatment in several patients undergoing dialysis on three different membranes (one cellulosic and two synthetics). A moderate increase of leukotriene B4 was observed early (at 15 min), comparable among the three membranes, but levels returned to baseline at 180 min. Leukotriene B4 production proved leukocyte activation and was probably related to a direct interaction with dialysis membrane. Nevertheless, complement intervention could not be excluded. Leukotriene B4 is one molecule more among the group of inflammatory mediators produced during hemodialysis treatment.

Acrylonitrile↗
PubMed1990

[Correction of uterine retro-deviation with a celioscope. Operative technique. Complications. Effect on urinary function].

Following a description of operative technique, study of complications enables assessment of the value of this endoscopic procedure in retroverted uterus accompanied by symptomatic pathology. Improvement in urinary symptoms, difficult to quantify, following this operative procedure, has been confirmed objectively by changes between pre- and post-operative urethro-cystomanometric findings.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Prognostic study of malignant melanoma of the uvea treated by enucleation].

In order to evaluate the clinical and histopathologic prognosis indicators of uveal melanomas treated with enucleation, 59 patients, followed up during 1 to 18 years were included in a retrospective study. Kaplan Meier survival curves were constructed and compared using the log rank test. The overall 5 and 10 years probabilities of survival were 74.9% and 48.5% respectively. Metastases were, or might have been, responsible for death in 83.3% of the cases. The median survival was 4 years 9 months (range less than 1 to 11 years). Fifty five per cent of the metastases occurred within 4 years of the enucleation and 90% within 8 years. For the patients with spindle cell melanomas, the 5 year probability of survival was 90% against 38% for the patients with epithelioid cell tumors. The median time to tumor related death was 5 years for the first group against 3 years 8 months for the second. The analysis of our data demonstrated the tumor volume to be a statistically significant clinical prognosis indicator. The following histopathologic parameters were also statistically significant prognosis indicators: the cell type (p less than or equal to 0.001), the mitotic activity, the state of the sclera, the presence of blood lakes. Statistical adjustments and determination of the instantaneous relative risk of death showed the histopathologic factors, specially the cell type, to be the most important indicators.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Statistical results of 700 electrophysiologic tests (ERG) in patients without ophthalmologic manifestations treated with synthetic antimalarials for rheumatologic or dermatologic disease].

737 adapto-electroretinograms are registered on patients treated by chloroquine for a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or for a lupus. Their ophthalmological examinations are completely normal. In term of the cumulative doses, the statistical results of the electrological characteristics of the different waves of the ERG issued from white, red and blue stimulations show: a great stability of the latencies of the "a" and "b" waves; a gradual decrease of the "b" wave amplitudes for the RA; a gradual increase of the "b" wave amplitudes till a level dose reached between 800 and 900 g and then a decrease of the "b" wave amplitudes, for the lupus. We discuss the electrophysiological criterions for a beginning intoxication. As a standard, for the R.A., it seems that a certain amount of "b" wave amplitude decrease could be admitted but the "a" and "b" wave latencies must be very constant. For the lupus, the hyper normality or at least stability of the "b" wave amplitude can be admitted till a dose around 800 g, associated to a good stability of the "a" and "b" wave latencies. Beyond these statistically established limits a beginning intoxication should be suspected.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intratumoral blood pools and prognosis of malignant uveal melanoma treated with enucleation].

In a retrospective study about 59 globes enucleated because of a malignant melanoma, the presence of intratumoral blood lakes was recognized 18 times (30.5%). The construction of survival curves demonstrated this indicator to be statistically significant towards the prognosis. The other significant parameters were the cell type, the mitotic activity, the state of the sclera and the tumor volume. The relationships between these different factors were studied.

Adult↗