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Biomedical subjects

E Abouleish

Publications and source records attributed to E Abouleish.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Acute and chronic effects of intrathecal morphine in monkeys.

In a double-blind study, seven Macaca fascicularis monkeys receiving intrathecal (i.t.) morphine in saline, 0.07 mg kg-1, were compared with a control group of four monkeys receiving either lumbar puncture alone (n = 1) or i.t. saline (n = 3). Neither morphine nor saline solutions contained preservatives. Arterial blood gas tensions, respiration, arterial pressure, e.c.g., state of consciousness and motor function were recorded for 24 h. The control group was sacrificed 42 days later and the study group was sacrificed at 6 (n = 2) or 42 days (n = 5) after injection. The central nervous system, meninges, nerve roots and dorsal root ganglia were examined macroscopically and microscopically. Respiratory depression did not occur in either the control or the study groups. There were moderate but statistically significant decreases in systolic and diastolic arterial pressures following i.t. morphine. In both groups, the pathological findings were localized to the cauda equina region and characterized by mononuclear cell infiltration. In neither group was there evidence of demyelination, arachnoiditis or necrosis. Focal endoneurial fibrosis was found in only one animal in the control group following multiple lumbar punctures associated with paraesthesia. The features appeared to correlate with the physical trauma associated with lumbar puncture rather than with the injectate.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Obstetric anaesthesia and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

The obstetric and anaesthetic problems of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are discussed. A new unclassified type of the syndrome is described. The possibility of bleeding presents a serious challenge for both the obstetrician and the anaesthetist. A detailed medical history, including family history, are important in determining the method of anaesthesia since blood coagulation tests are usually normal. The anaesthetic management of two parturients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is illustrated. Caudal, extradural, and subarachnoid block techniques for labour and Caesarean section were used safely on three occasions in these two patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Pancuronium in caesarean section and its placental transfer.

Pancuronium bromide was used in 49 patients undergoing repeat elective Caesarean section. In 26 patients who received only pancuronium 0.1 mg kg-1, pancuronium was detected in all umbilical venous or arterial samples (0.12 micrograms ml-1). In 23 other patiets who received suxamethonium 1.0 mg kg-1 followed by pancuronium 0.05 mg kg-1, pancuronium was detected in fetal blood 2 min after injection; the concentration of pancuronium in umbilical venous or arterial samples in 14 subjects was 0.08 micrograms ml-1, and less than 0.05 micrograms ml-1 in nine subjects. There was no evidence that such concentrations of pancuronium were detrimental to the fetus. The use of suxamethonium before pancuronium resulted in reduction of pancuronium dosage, induction-delivery time, and fetal concentrations of pancuronium, and was associated with better condition of the neonate.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Fetal acid-base state following spinal or epidural anesthesia for cesarean section.

The authors compared fetal acid-base state and maternal blood pressure response in 111 women undergoing repeat cesarean section with either epidural or spinal anesthesia. Fetal umbilical acidemia (umbilical venous pH less than 7.25 or umbilical arterial pH less than 7.20) was more commonly observed following spinal anesthesia with a preanesthetic fluid load of 500 to 999 ml (20% of cases) than with epidural anesthesia (4% of cases. P > .05, chi 2). The incidence of fetal acidemia following spinal anesthesia was similar to that following epidural anesthesia when 1000 to 1500 ml of fluid was infused prior to spinal anesthesia. The maximum reduction in systolic blood pressure following spinal anesthesia was not related to preanesthetic fluid load; however, in cases of severe hypotension the hypotensive episode was shorter and easier to treat when the preanesthetic fluid load was 1000 to 1500 ml rather than 500 to 999 ml. These data suggest that women receiving spinal anesthesia for repeat cesarean section should be given an intravenous fluid load of 1 liter or more.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

Modified fluorometric quantitation of pancuronium bromide and metabolites in human maternal and umbilical serums.

The procedure for pancuronium bromid ion-pair extraction into chloroform using rose bengal and subsequent fluorometric measurement was modified by changing the extraction pH and eliminating phenol, ethanol, and acetone to give easier operation and enhanced fluorescence stability. Precision, accuracy, and sensitivty were evaluated over 0.14-0.82 microgram/ml (CV = 14; relative error = 9%) and 0.05-0.17 microgram/ml (CV = 19; relative error = 21%). Following a dose of 0.1 ml/kg for cesarean section in humans, the mean maternal arterial and umbilical venous serum concentrations of pancuronium bromide and metabolites were 0.52 and 0.12 microgram/ml, respectively, at delivery (mean of 13 min after injection).

Female↗
PubMed1978

Effect of anaesthesia for delivery on the weight of infants during the first 5 days of life.

Two hundred and forty-one neonates who had been delivered vaginally were selected randomly. The control group consisted of infants delivered without anaesthesia. In the study groups either extradural (mepivacaine, lignocaine or bupivacaine), spinal or general anaesthesia was administered. Each of the six groups was divided into breast- and bottle-fed subgroups. The results showed no significant difference in weight changes among the various groups. The bottle-fed subgroup showed less weight loss than the breast-fed subgroup (P less than 0.05). There was no interaction between method of feeding and type of anaesthesia.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1976

Foetal bradycardia during caudal analgesia: A discussion of possible causative factors.

A 31-year-old female had caudal analgesia during labour, using 0.5% bupivacaine. Nine minutes after the block, the foetus developed severe bradycardia which lasted for 9 min but recovered spontaneously. Thereafter the foetal heart rate was within the normal range until the end of labour when variable decreases in rate occurred, suggesting cord compression. At the time of delivery there was a knot of the umbilical cord which was also forming a loop around the neck of the baby. There was no abnormality of the Apgar scores or blood-gases in the baby; the plasma bupivacaine concentrations in both mother and child were within the expected range. The possible causative factors for this bradycardia are explained.

Adult↗