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Biomedical subjects

E Aas

Publications and source records attributed to E Aas.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Evidence of uptake, biotransformation and DNA binding of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in Atlantic cod and corkwing wrasse caught in the vicinity of an aluminium works.

Feral Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops) were investigated for polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in the Karmsund strait, western Norway. This strait is highly contaminated with PAHs, and a main source is the chronic release of gas-scrubbing effluents from a local aluminium works. In both species, the level of biliary PAH metabolites and hepatic DNA adducts were higher in fish collected near the aluminium works. Interestingly, a significantly higher level of both biliary PAH metabolites and hepatic DNA adducts was found in corkwing wrasse as compared to cod, indicating a higher potential for genotoxic effects in this species. Hepatic cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) in cod estimated by ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and an immunoassay technique (ELISA), seemed to be weakly induced at the contaminated sites. At the most contaminated site, skin ulcers and fin erosion were detected in about 70 and 45% of the cods, respectively. The data demonstrated that both cod and corkwing wrasse may be suitable target species for PAH pollution monitoring.

Aluminum↗
PubMed2000

PAH metabolites in bile, cytochrome P4501A and DNA adducts as environmental risk parameters for chronic oil exposure: a laboratory experiment with Atlantic cod.

In order to perform environmental risk assessments with regard to oil contamination in the sea, it is important to obtain knowledge about threshold levels for possible adverse effects in marine organisms. With this objective in mind, selected biomarkers were studied in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) chronically exposed to mechanically dispersed crude oil. The fish were exposed for 30 days in a continuous flow system to nominal concentrations of 0.06, 0.25 and 1 ppm North Sea crude oil. Fish were sampled five times during the exposure period. In addition, the 1 ppm group and the control group were sampled 1 week after the end of exposure. Polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in the seawater were analysed regularly by direct fluorescence and, at one occasion, by gas chromatography with mass spectrographic detection (GC/MS) measurements. Liver samples were analysed for parent PAH levels by means of GC/MS measurements, and PAH metabolites in bile were analysed by means of fixed wavelength fluorescence. Cytochrome P450 induction in liver was estimated by ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, and hepatic DNA adducts were analysed by the 32P-postlabelling assay. The parent PAH concentrations in liver showed peak levels 3 days after the start of exposure, followed by a reduction towards the end of the experiment. In contrast, the PAH metabolites in bile and EROD activity showed generally increasing levels throughout the whole exposure period, indicating an increased biotransformation efficiency. The level of DNA adducts in the 1 ppm group showed a stable increase during the entire exposure period. Only a slight, non-significant decrease in DNA adduct levels was observed after 7 days of recovery in clean water. Exposure-dependent responses were observed for all three biomarkers. The lowest nominal concentration of dispersed oil in water, 0.06 ppm, corresponded to a measured total PAH concentration in the water of 0.3 ppb. Atlantic cod exposed to this concentration showed increased levels of PAH metabolites in bile and a slight induction of CYP1A, as well as formation of DNA adducts when compared with control fish. Particularly noteworthy is the detection of DNA adducts at such a low exposure concentration of oil in water, which, to our knowledge, is a novel finding. These dose-response data may serve as useful contributions when assessing environmental risk with regard to marine oil pollution.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Local immunoreactivity and human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral precancer and cancer lesions.

A retrospective longitudinal study was performed on 20 patients with oral leukoplakia, 10 of which developed an oral squamous cell carcinoma, to assess whether any alterations in the local immunologic reactivity could be found of value in predicting the subsequent behavior of the lesions. During the major period of follow-up, the relative frequency of in situ IgA-producing plasma cells was significantly higher in biopsies from patients subsequently developing cancer than in patients showing no cancer development. Preceding the malignant transformation by 12 to 15 months, however, a remarkable shift from IgA to IgG plasma cell predominance was noticed in the biopsies of the cancer series, not detectable in the non-cancer group. HPV group specific capsid antigens were found in seven cases of the cancer series and in six of the non-cancer group. The possible diagnostic implications of these results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Amalgam-related oral lichenoid reaction.

In 52 patients with oral lichen planus topographically related to amalgam restorations, the fillings were replaced by other materials in 18, 16 of whom experienced complete remission of the lesions within 1-12 months. These results are discussed in relation to the results of epicutaneous patch tests for possible allergy to a number of mercury compounds. The term "oral lichenoid reaction", is suggested to describe these lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Malignant transformation in oral lichen planus.

A carcinoma arose in the buccal mucosa of a 71-year-old woman suffering from several systemic diseases, and on extensive medication. The buccal mucosa had been affected by oral lichen planus for more than 9 years. The possibility of malignant transformation of oral lichen planus is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Viral hepatitis in dentists in Norway.

Exceptions have occurred to the generally reported high prevalence of viral hepatitis in dentists. Thus a recent questionnaire survey (1) indicated a low risk of hepatitis in dental professionals in Norway. The present supplementary study was based on frequencies of serological markers of viral hepatitis and disclosed an exposure rate to hepatitis B insignificantly higher than that of the general population. The frequency of antibody to hepatitis A virus was equal to that of the general population.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Oral antrostomy.

Removal of localized polypous maxillary sinus membrane is, in our opinion, occasionally indicated in conjunction with surgical closure of oroantral communication. An alternative to nasal antrostomy is presented in this paper. Packing the maxillary sinus with gauze to prevent the collection of blood and to secure drainage is achieved by carrying the end of the gauze strip subperiosteally and through the vertical incision in the anterior part of the vestibule. This technique was applied in the treatment of the 12 patients included in this study. All of these were treated as outpatients. At follow-up visits after 2 months to 1 years, all patients were found to be without symptoms or complaints.

Adolescent↗