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Biomedical subjects

E A Ryan

Publications and source records attributed to E A Ryan.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Natural cytotoxicity of blood mononuclear cells from normal subjects and patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis against normal thyroid cells.

Natural cytotoxicity of human blood mononuclear cells against dog thyroid cells grown in monolayer was investigated. Cytotoxicity was assessed as specific release of 51Cr from Na51CrO4 labelled thyroid cells. The effector cells were unfractionated blood mononuclear cells prepared by Hypaque-Ficoll gradient centrifugation. Killing of dog thyroid cells by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal subjects was demonstrated. This was time and effector: target cell ratio dependent. Killing by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis was similar to that for normal subjects although increased killing was demonstrated in 2 patients and decreased killing in 2 patients. A possible role of natural cytotoxicity against thyroid cells in thyroid autoimmunity is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Separation of amino sugars and related compounds by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography.

Separation of amino compounds, including galactosamine and glucosamine, found in lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan, can be accomplished by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on cellulose layers. The solvent systems used are: 2-propanol-90% formic acid-water (80:4:20,v/v) in the first dimension and lutidine-water (65:35, v/v) in the second dimension. Compounds were detected using a chromogenic ninhydrin spray.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1980

Production of migration inhibitory factor in response to bacterial and fungal antigens in patients with untreated Graves' disease.

Tests for the production of migration inhibitory factor by peripheral blood leukocytes in response to ubiquitous bacterial and fungal antigens were carried out in patients with untreated Graves' disease and in healthy control subjects. Dose-response studies, tests for the production of this factor after 72 hours' stimulation with phytohemagglutinin as a test for reserve, and tests before and after 24 hours' preculture to deplete suppressor cells were also performed in some patients. The antigens used were Candida, Trichophyton-Oidiomyces-Epidermophyton, mumps live attenuated virus and purified protein derivative of tuberculin. The production of migration inhibitory factor was measured by the agarose microdroplet method.The production of migration inhibitory factor in response to all the antigens except mumps virus was slightly greater in the patients than in the control subjects, although the differences were not significant. The dose-response characteristics and the production of migration inhibitory factor after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin were similar in the two groups. The production of migration inhibitory factor in response to suboptimal concentrations of Candida, Trichophyton-Oidiomyces-Epidermophyton and mumps virus was not enhanced in either group after 24 hours' preculture apart from a slight increase in response to mumps virus in the patients.These results fail to support the suggestion that patients with Graves' disease have a deficiency of suppressor cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Primary retinal detachments without apparent breaks.

In a prospective study of 415 consecutive eyes operated on for retinal detachment, there were no apparent retinal breaks in 41 eyes. Examination of the most likely site for breaks during, or shortly after, cryotherapy was helpful in detecting tiny breaks in several cases. All detachments without apparent breaks were operated on with a three-step operation: we applied two rows of confluent cryotherapy to all retinal breaks, drained subretinal fluid, and used buckles just anterior to the equator. Surgical cure, defined as reattachment for at least six months, was achieved in 93% of eyes with apparent breaks, and in 85% of eyes without apparent breaks. The latter figure increased to 91% when the seven patients with preoperative massive preretinal retraction were excluded.

Choroid↗
PubMed1976

Combinations of selected CNS depressants with d-amphetamine or mazindol on food intake and motor activity of rats.

Amobarbital, diazepam, prochlorperazine and thioridazine were tested alone and in combination with d-amphetamine or mazindol on food consumption and spontaneous motor activity in rats. Of the four depressants tested (1) only amobarbital enhanced the anorexic effects of d-amphetamine and (2) amobarbital, diazepam and prochlorperazine enhanced the hypermotility induced by d-amphetamine. None of the depressants altered the anorexic effect of mazindol but amobarbital and diazepam decreased and prochlorperazine increased the hypermotility induced by mazindol. These differential effects of the CNS depressants suggest that d-amphetamine and mazindol might have different mechanisms of anorexiant or stimulatory action. The data also suggest that, to achieve anorexia with diminished CNS stimulation, combinations of d-amphetamine and any of the tested CNS depressants seem to be precluded. In fact, this desired clinical objective might be achieved with combinations of mazindol and either amobarbital or diazepam.

Amobarbital↗
PubMed1975

Blockade by narcotic drugs of naloxone-precipitated jumping in morphine-dependent mice.

A dose regimen for administration of morphine, test drugs with potential to cause physical dependence and naloxone was determined to allow within one experimental day acquisition of morphine-dependent mice and evaluation of the narcotic drugs for their ability to prevent naloxone-precipitated jumping. This test procedure can be used to assess capacity of unknown drugs to suppress morphine withdrawal symptoms; the mechanism of suppression can be subsequently determined in secondary tests. However, for known morphine-like analgesics, the test procedure appears to reliably assess physical dependence properties. The results obtained on subcutaneous administration of five selected narcotic drugs and apomorphine show that their order of potency was methadone greater than meperidine equal apomorphine greater than d-propoxyphene greater than pentazocine. Codeine, also tested subcutaneously, did not substitute at sublethal doses. Except for apomorphine, which might have masked naloxone-precipitated jumping by inducing behavioral aggression, the order of potency compares favorably with the degree of physical dependence reported in humans. Thus, the described procedure might be employed to evaluate morphine substitution and hence potential physical dependence liability of unknown narcotic-like analgesics.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of a persistent reduction in serum lipid and apoprotein levels in insulin-dependent diabetic patients receiving intensified insulin treatment.

Type I insulin-dependent diabetic patients have an increased risk of atherosclerotic vascular disease that may be determined in part by their tendency to develop circulating lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities. The occurrence of such findings in asymptomatic ambulant Type I patients with mild or moderate hyperglycemia might suggest that conventional methods of insulin treatment are as inefficient at normalizing lipid abnormalities as they are in achieving euglycemia. It would then be important to ascertain whether intensive methods of insulin treatment effectively normalized lipid levels. Ten insulin-dependent young adult diabetic patients were studied on a conventional insulin treatment regimen and then at two-monthly intervals for a six-month period during which they were managed by three different intensified insulin treatment regimens. Plasma glucose levels improved substantially (p less than 0.001) after two months of intensified therapy (106 +/- 4 mg/dl) and did not change significantly thereafter for the remaining four months of intensified insulin treatment. Apart from a short-lived decrease in total-, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol after two months of intensified treatment (baseline total triglyceride 116 +/- 13 mg/dl, total cholesterol 174 +/- 16 mg/dl, HDL-cholesterol 46 +/- 3 mg/dl). There were no persistent changes in serum lipids, lipoprotein cholesterol or in levels of their major apoproteins A-I, A-II and B. These findings support the contention that, despite moderate hyperglycemia, conventional insulin treatment may be adequate to maintain normal lipid levels. In such circumstances achievement of euglycemia by intensified insulin therapy leads to little change in circulating lipid and lipoprotein values.

Adolescent↗