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Biomedical subjects

E A Luzhnikov

Publications and source records attributed to E A Luzhnikov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Clinical and institutional aspects of antidote therapy in Russia.

The problem of antidote application for treatment of acute poisoning is related to epidemiology and characterization of poisoning cases, and possibilities for supplying antidotes to health care institutions. To investigate the situation in Russia we have analyzed reports by poisoning treatment centers for 1997-1999, comparison of medical aid standards for poisoning treatment in Russia with WHO recommendations. Acute poisoning pattern varies in different regions. Particularly, poisoning pattern in large cities in European Russia and the Urals is dominated by pharmaceuticals (up to 63.1%). Pesticide and insecticide poisoning cases do not exceed 1 to 2%, metal compounds and methemoglobin forming poisons (below 1% in each group). Antidotes are used in Russia in line with the recommendations adopted in international toxicological practice. The most actual are antagonists of opiates and benzodiazepines, physostigmine, atropine, pyridoxine, antagonists of beta-adrenergic blockers, activated charcoal. Such antidotes as DMPS (Unithiol), N-acetylcysteine, methylene blue, amyl nitrite (or sodium nitrite), complex formers of EDTA group are also included in the list of specific agents. The main problem is that some important antidotes are currently not produced in Russia. The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation is taking efforts to launch production of some previously known and also newly developed important antidotes.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2001

[Use of SGOL-1-40 milk whey in the complex therapy of patients with acute chemical poisoning and burns of the gastrointestinal tract].

The use of "SGOL-1-40" milk whey in complex therapy of patients with acute chemical poisonings and their complications has been investigated. "SGOL-1-40" was prescribed twice per day with the dose of 1.5 g/kg of patient weight. On the 5th-6th day after therapy start the general state of patients improved; in the control group it happened on the 10th-12th day. It is ascertained that the ceasing of pneumonia takes place average 3 days earlier than usual. The lessening of endotoxicosis symptoms and the improvement of the patients state with chemical burns of gastrointestinal system went on more quickly.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Gastrointestinal bleeding in acute intoxications with non-cauterizing chemicals].

The results of esophagogastroscopy in patients with gastro-intestinal bleeding caused by acute intoxication with noncauterizing chemicals are available. Gastro-intestinal bleeding was detected in 96 of 142 patients. Mallory-Weiss syndrome was detected in 45 patients (46.9%), erosions of mucosa of esophagus and stomach--in 27 (28.1%), traumatic lesions of mucosa--24 (25.0%). The curative endoscopic intervention aimed to stop the bleeding and prevent its recurrence was performed in 31 patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Healing of extensive acute gastric ulcer after chemical burn by Helium-Neon laser (endoscopic and morphologic investigation)].

The paper provides the results of endoscopic and morphologic follow-up of healing of extensive corrosive gastric ulcer in He-Ne laser therapy of 34 patients (512 gastric biopsies). Laser radiation of ulcer reduces frequency of stenosis in healing outcome as well as treatment duration, creates conditions for healing without leukocytic fusion of necrotic tissues. Effectivity of laser therapy is determined by the time of its start and regularity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of various methods of treatment in chemical burns of the stomach using fiber endoscopy].

Results of conservative measures alone and in combination with local exposure of the burn to laser radiation or clue applications have been compared for 95 patients with chemical burns in the stomach. The combined therapy proved more beneficial as it provided more active healing of the wound, less frequent stenotic complications, shorter hospital stay. Earlier start of local treatment using fiber endoscopy is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Current problems in the diagnosis and treatment of acute exogenous poisonings].

Information, toxicometry and detoxication are most important problems of clinical toxicology today because exchange of information perfect the skill of toxicologist in diagnosis and choice of treatment, whereas measurement of the toxic factor, blood poison concentrations enables systemic computer analysis of critical conditions caused by poisonings. Treatment of acute poisoning produces the highest effect if detoxication method is used including blood detoxication by sorption-dialysis methods and intestinal lavage in combination with physiohemotherapy. This approach provides a rapid elimination of poison from the body and effective correction of homeostasis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[Are the serotonin receptors life receptors?].

The paper gives evidence for the fact that serotonin and serotonin receptors are responsible for the occurrence of primary contractions of smooth muscles, primary cardiac contractions and primary brain electric activity (EEG genesis). It is concluded that the function of the smooth muscle, brain and heart cannot take place without serotonin and its receptors. This suggests that the serotonin receptors are life ones.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The use of magnetic hemotherapy in combined detoxification in acute exogenous poisonings].

An original technique of magnetic hemotherapy has been tried in 110 patients with severe exogenic poisoning. The addition of the above hemotherapy raised the efficacy of combined detoxication due to correction of hemorheological and stabilization of hemodynamic parameters as indicated by diminished endotoxicosis, reduced lethality, prevention of somatic complications which when available became less severe.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Endogenic vasomotor function and smooth muscle insufficiency in the vascular microcirculation].

The paper outlines the previously unknown smooth muscle insufficiency in terms of its etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. It has been shown that drug administration leads to smooth muscle insufficiency which is eliminated by serotonin both in vitro and in vivo. The clinical manifestations of smooth muscle (SM) insufficiency are eliminated by serotonin, irrespective of whether it has been caused by the use of drugs or impaired smooth muscle innervation. The mechanism of vascular rhythmic oscillations in the microcirculatory bed, the so-called endogenous vasomotility (EV) has been decoded. The mechanism of EV regulation is due to the fact that platelets constantly (continuously) adsorb serotonin from the enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract and constantly (continuously) release it into the microcirculatory bed, thereby providing the continuum of entry of the stimulant to the SM fibers which are able to contract at this time. The summation of these contractions of smooth muscle contractions in the microcirculatory bed maintains their vascular tone and yields the pattern of EV. The paper also describes the earlier unknown properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to cause smooth muscle spasm and to accelerate platelet destruction. A correlation between the EV and vascular platelet hemostasis is described in terms of these properties. The continuous mechanism of EV is impaired and it transforms to intermittent (final) vascular platelet hemostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Course of wound process in chemical burns of the stomach (results of morphological and endoscopic studies)].

The dynamics of the wound process in chemical burns of the stomach were studied on the basis of histological and endoscopic examinations. The patients who were studied were given nonoperative treatment, in all cases for corrosive gastric ulcers. The most frequent complications were cicatricial stenoses (86.6%) in involvement of the antral part of the stomach. Regeneration of the damaged tissues of the gastric wall was disturbed, the specific features of these disorders were studied.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1990

[The local treatment of chemical burns of the esophagus via an endoscope by means of laser therapy and adhesive application].

An examination of 180 patients with chemical burns of the esophagus was performed. Local endoscopic treatment with the help of low energy laser irradiation and glue applications was used in 120 patients. Preference is given to the method of local laser therapy because of the best results of treatment and the absence of risk of putting out of order the expensive apparatus resulting from an ingress of glue on it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Acute klofelin poisoning].

Clofelin poisoning induced accidentally, criminally or suicidally was treated and followed up in 862 adults and 96 children admitted to specialized centers. The most common clinical symptoms were bradycardia and mental confusion due to SNC toxic affection. Specific cardiotoxic effect of the drug was not registered. Therapeutic measures included detoxication (gastric lavage, forced diuresis, ect.) and pharmacological correction of cardiac rhythm with atropine and metacine.

Acute Disease↗