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Biomedical subjects

E A JOHNSON

Publications and source records attributed to E A JOHNSON.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1964

AN EXAMPLE OF INFORMATION RETENTION IN RABBIT VENTRICULAR MUSCLE FIBRES.

The preparation was stimulated externally and transmembrane action potentials were recorded with intracellular microelectrodes. The relationship between the area of the first action potential after a pause in stimulation and the duration of the pause was examined. It was found that the area retained its dependence on the pattern of stimulation prior to the pause. These experiments confirm one of the predictions of a mathematical model (Gibbs et al., 1963) which describes the relationship between the area of action potentials and the pattern of stimulation.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1964

THE REPOLARIZATION PHASE OF THE CARDIAC VENTRICULAR ACTION POTENTIAL: A TIME-DEPENDENT SYSTEM OF MEMBRANE CONDUCTANCES.

A system for the generation of the repolarization phase of the ventricular action potential is described. The system is based on time-dependent changes in membrane conductance to sodium and potassium ions. However, the changes in conductance during an action potential retain a degree of voltage dependence through the initial conditions which depend on previous depolarizations of the membrane. The equations describing the system were solved with an analog computer and various action potential forms are reproduced. The effects of hyperpolarizing and depolarizing current applied during an action potential are investigated. The changes in shape of an action potential after a change in the rate of stimulation show partial agreement with previous experimental findings. The applicability of time-dependent and voltage-dependent systems for the generation of the repolarization phase of the ventricular action potential is discussed.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1963

A QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AREA OF RABBIT VENTRICULAR ACTION POTENTIALS AND THE PATTERN OF STIMULATION.

Intracellular microelectrodes were used to record action potentials from fibres of the isolated rabbit right ventricle and the areas of the action potentials were measured. The action potential area was found to depend in a reproducible way on the preceding pattern of stimulation. A mathematical model reproducing all the observed changes in the action potential area was developed. In the model the action potential area is taken as a linear function of the product of two time and stimulation dependent variables, M and N. The behaviour of each variable between action potentials is described by the solution of a second order differential equation. During each action potential the variables are assumed to change discontinuously, the magnitudes of the discontinuous changes being given by a set of subsidiary equations. It was found that the behaviour of all the fibres tested was described by the same set of equations, each single fibre being characterized by a set of ten independent constants.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1963

INTRAVENOUS ETHER ANESTHESIA.

From a study of intravenous ether anesthesia, it was concluded that ether diluted to a 5 per cent solution in 5 per cent dextrose and water may be used to induce and maintain a smooth and easily controlled anesthetic state similar to that obtained with inhalation ether but without the dependence of the latter technique on ventilation. Cough and laryngospasm were absent. Adequate spontaneous respiration can be maintained with this technique. The technique is particularly useful in endoscopy during which the airway is often not available for anesthetic administration.

Administration, Intravenous↗
PubMed1961

Investigations of the electrical properties of cardiac muscle fibres with the aid of intracellular double-barrelled electrodes.

Current has been passed through the cell membrane of muscle fibres of the isolated rabbit right ventricle with the aid of intracellular double-barrelled microelectrodes. Two types of muscle fibres were distinguished which are called P and V fibres. The relation between the intensity of a hyperpolarising current applied during the rising phase and the maximum amplitude of the action potential was different in these fibres. For P fibres the relation was essentially linear over most of the range of currents used. For V fibres the change in maximum action potential amplitude was either negligible or did not appear until a certain value of hyperpolarising current was reached. This behaviour of V fibres can be understood if a drop in polarisation resistance occurs during the rising phase and is of such short duration that the polarisation resistance has returned to its resting value before the crest of the action potential is reached. P fibres have an estimated mean resting polarisation resistance of (106 +/- 13) K ohms, and a rheobase current strength of (0.08 +/- 0.02) microa. In V fibres the resting polarisation resistance was (47 +/- 29) K ohms and the rheobase current strength (0.47 +/- 0.28) microa.

Action Potentials↗