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Biomedical subjects

E A Ivanova

Publications and source records attributed to E A Ivanova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Predisposition to alcoholism, tryptophan oxygenase activity, and structure of intron 6 in the corresponding gene of C57BL/6J, CC57BR/Mv, and BALB/cJ mice.

Crossbred CC57BR/Mv mice inherited tryptophan oxygenase gene and predisposition to alcohol consumption from parent BALB/c and C57BL mice, respectively. In CC57BR/Mv mice no relationships were found between alcohol consumption, tryptophan oxygenase activity, and single nucleotide substitutions in intron 6 of the TDO2 gene associated with predisposition to alcoholism in humans.

Alcoholism↗

Effect of monoamine oxidase A knockout on resistance to long-term exposure to ethanol.

It was shown that transgenic Tg8 mice with monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) gene knockout demonstrate higher resistance to acute ethanol exposure compared to wild type C3H mice. This difference was observed at the early age (28-30 days). Long-term ethanol treatment changed the resistance to hypnotic, but not hypothermic action of this agent. Seven-day exposure increased the resistance to ethanol-induced narcotic sleep in Tg8 and C3H mice. After 30-day ethanol treatment the duration of narcotic sleep sharply decreased in C3H mice and increased in Tg8 mice, which attested to their decreased tolerance to ethanol.

Aging↗

Content of metals in compartments of ecosystem of a siberian pond.

During three field seasons (June--September) of 1997--99 contents of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Al, Cr, Ni, Cd, and Pb were determined in compartments of ecosystem (surrounding soils, bottom sediments, water, zoobenthos, macrophytes, and fish) of a fish and recreation pond situated at the edge of Krasnoyarsk City (Siberia, Russia). Contents of most parts of metals in soils, water, and macrophytes significantly correlated with each other. As concluded, their contents were determined by natural, general, geochemical peculiarities of the region. Heavy metals, contents of which were higher than federal upper limits of concentration, were revealed. In muscles of fish with different feeding spectra--crucian and perch--concentrations of some metals differed significantly; correlation graphs for metals also had different structures. Comparison of our data with those on diverse aquatic ecosystems of Siberia, Europe, North America, and China published in the last decade was carried out. It was concluded that a distribution of heavy metals in the compartments of an aquatic ecosystem presently have to be determined for each particular water body until general regularities are discovered.

Animals↗

The use of bioluminescent biotests for study of natural and laboratory aquatic ecosystems.

A set of bioluminescent tests was developed to monitor water quality in natural and laboratory ecosystems. It consisted of four bioluminescent systems: luminous bacteria, coupled enzyme system NADH:FMN-oxidoreductase-luciferase and triplet enzyme systems with alcohol dehydrogenase and trypsin. The set of biotests was applied for a small forest pond (Siberia, Russia), laboratory microecosystems polluted with benzoquinone and a batch culture of blue-green algae. Thereby effects of natural water compared to those of models of heavy pollution and "bloom" of blue-greens on the bioluminescent tests were revealed. The set of biotests was not affected by a natural seasonal variability of water quality in the unpolluted pond, but responded to the heavy pollution and the "bloom" of blue-greens. The set of biotests could be recommended as the alarm test to control the acute toxicity of natural water bodies.

Benzoquinones↗

Thyroid hormone deficiency determines predisposition to catalepsy in rats.

The role of thyroid hormones in predisposition to cataleptic reaction was investigated. GC rats with genetic predisposition to catalepsy were characterized by decreased serum thyroxin content in comparison with Wistar rats. Thyroidectomy even more reduced the blood concentration of thyroxin in GC rats 30 days postoperation and augmented predisposition to catalepsy in both rat strains.

Animals↗

Altered behavior and alcohol tolerance in transgenic mice lacking MAO A: a comparison with effects of MAO A inhibitor clorgyline.

The influence of deficiency of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) gene and the lack of enzyme MAO A on the behavior of transgenic mouse strain (Tg8) was studied. It was shown that MAO-A-lacking mice differed from mice of the wild-type strain C3H/HeJ (C3H) by an attenuated acoustic startle response, prepulse inhibition (PPI) was unchanged. In Tg 8 mice, the exploratory nose-poking in the holeboard test as well as exploratory line crossing in the "light-dark" test were decreased. No effect of MAO A deficiency on locomotor activity was found. No alcohol preference or difference between Tg8 and C3H in ethanol consumption in the free-choice test has been found, although an increase in alcohol tolerance has been demonstrated. Ethanol-induced (0.3 g/100 g ip) sleep latency was longer, duration of sleep was shorter and ethanol hypothermia was reduced in MAO-A-lacking mice. Comparison of effects of MAO A knockout with those of irreversible MAO A inhibitor clorgyline (5 and 10 mg/kg ip) on C3H mice showed a similar reducing effect on ethanol-induced sleep, but potentiated ethanol-induced hypothermia. Clorgyline administration provoked a tendency to decrease of exploratory activity in the nose-poking test and decreased the frequency of exploratory rearings in the light-dark test. Clorgyline (5 and 10 mg/kg) did not affect the acoustic startle response, but a dose of 5 mg/kg diminished PPI. Therefore, Tg8 mice exhibited a decreased startle response and exploratory activity and an increased tolerance to ethanol. A similar increase in tolerance to ethanol-induced sleep and a tendency to decrease exploratory behavior were displayed by clorgyline. Other effects on behavior were different, suggesting the influence of long-lasting action of MAO A knockout and the involvement of a compensatory mechanism in Tg8 mice.

Alcohol Drinking↗

[Changes in the trace element content of the blood in chronic hepatitis].

Trace elements were examined spectrophotometrically in 45 patients with chronic hepatitis (persisting--31; chronic--14). Lead and cadmium showed a significant increase both in the healthy and hepatitis patients. A reduction of zinc and increase of copper was found in patients with chronic hepatitis. Changes in the content of microelements depended on the severity of the disease.

Adult↗

[Effect of testosterone on the rate of total protein synthesis in the reproductive tract of rabbit embryos in vitro].

The total protein synthesis rate in the reproductive tract and muscles of rabbit fetuses was evaluated at the 18th-22nd day of development by the intensity of 3H-leucine incorporation in experiments in vitro. Testosterone increased the total protein synthesis rate in the tissues of the reproductive tract at all the developmental stages under study. The highest rate of protein synthesis was recorded on the 18th day of development.

Animals↗

[Possible role of hydrolytic enzymes in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis].

For evaluating possible role of hydrolytic enzymes in the pathogenesis of disseminated sclerosis the activity of the enzyme leucine aminopeptidase was examined in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. In patients with the disease at the acute stage the enzyme activity was found to be significantly lower than in patients at the stage of remission, or in control subjects. Determination of the enzyme activity in a serum-CSF mixture pointed to possible presence of an inhibitor of the enzyme (probably, diffusing from myelin) in the patients with the acute stage. The importance of the discovered phenomenon in the pathogenesis of disseminated sclerosis is discussed.

Acute Disease↗

[Absorption of 1 alpha, 2 alpha-3H(n)-testosterone and 4-140-estradiol by reproductive tract primordia of rabbit embryos in vitro].

The time course of uptake of testosterone-1 alpha, 2 alpha-3H (n) and (4-14C)-estradiol by homologous tissue rudiments of the developing reproductive system of rabbit embryos of both sexes was studied in in-vitro experiments from the 18th till the 25th day of development. It was found that the same rudiments of the target organs of the embryos of both sexes are capable of uptaking both hormones. At the "crucial" moment of sexual differentiation (on the 21st day) the uptake of both hormones in the genital tubercle and in the urogenital sinus was greater in female embryos than in male ones. In males, the uptake of androgen was higher than that of estrogen. At the same time the uptake of testosterone-1 alpha, 2 alpha-3H(n) by the genital ducts was higher in male embryos than in female ones.

Animals↗

[Changes in the glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme spectrum in the rat liver and skeletal muscles in ontogeny].

Changes in the isozyme patterns of glycogen phosphorylase in the rat liver and skeletal muscles were studied during ontogenesis. The presence of a minor component both in the muscles and the liver during embryogenesis was shown by means of immunochemical titration and disc-electrophoresis. The possible nature of this component, its identity with the "embryonic" phosphorylase isozyme [1] and the hybrid form of IL enzyme [2,3].

Animals↗