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E A Elliott

Publications and source records attributed to E A Elliott.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

English for nurses.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMed1990

Body fat patterning in women with endometrial cancer.

It has long been known that the risks of some cancers, including endometrial, are associated with obesity. Recent evidence suggests that body fat distribution patterns also affect the risk of developing some diseases. A question that remains is whether cancers are associated with specific distributions of body fat. In this study, women with endometrial cancer were compared to community controls of similar age and race. Participants were interviewed and then measured to determine fat distribution patterns defined by the waist-to-hip circumference ratio. Women with upper body fat distribution had a 3.2-fold (95% confidence limits 1.2, 8.9) higher risk of endometrial cancer than women with lower body fat distribution even with correction for age, parity, and smoking. Obese women with an upper body fat pattern had a 5.8-fold (confidence limits 1.7, 19.9) higher risk of endometrial cancer than nonobese/lower body fat patterned women. Obese women who never smoked had a 3.3-fold statistically significant higher risk of endometrial cancer than nonobese women who never smoked. Current smokers had lower risks than their nonsmoking counterparts. The 3-fold increased risk of endometrial cancer associated with upper body fat did not disappear with adjustment for obesity and smoking.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

Does radiation exposure produce a protective effect among radiologists?

The mortality experience of radiologists compared to that of other physician specialists demonstrates an increased risk of cancer deaths as well as deaths from all causes among physicians practicing in the early years of this century. However, for the radiologists who joined specialty societies after 1940, the age pattern of deaths has changed. Whereas among early entrants, young radiologists had higher mortality rates than those of other specialists, among later entrants, the young radiologists have lower mortality. However, as these later-entrant radiologists age, their rates appear to exceed those of other specialists. Although the level of radiation exposure is unknown, physicians in more recent years usually have lower cumulative doses. Lower radiation exposure may be one of a number of possible explanatory factors for the cross-over from "protected" to "higher risk" status as these physicians age.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Use of the choke point in the prediction of flow limitation in elastic tubes.

Work on flow limitation in elastic tubes of the body first relied on simple descriptions and intuitive modeling. Mathematical modeling led to the identification of a wave speed mechanism analogous to that of hydraulic flow in sluices and in supersonic nozzles. The basic pulse wave governs in the fluid-filled elastic tube. How this wave speed depends on the pressure-area characteristic of the tube is reviewed, and the determination of maximum flow rates for a given head, as in frictionless flow, is cited. The analysis of flow limitation for significant friction is briefly sketched, and the apparent paradox for viscous dominated flow still involving wave speed is resolved. Example applications include an analysis of density dependence of flow limitations, an exploration of implications concerning area and elastic modules at choke point for expiratory flow data is outlined, and predictions of flow from pressure-area characteristics are made. A summary of how airway system properties affect flow rates is given. Some of the difficulties of using flow data to infer airway properties are cited.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Variability of the configuration of maximum expiratory flow-volume curves.

With a computer technique variability of the configuration of maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves was studied in terms of slope ratio, SR. SR = dV/dV divided by V/V, where V is the instantaneous flow and V is the volume increment above residual volume.) Approximately four SR-V curves, each based on three to five smoothed and averaged MEFV curves, were derived for each of 20 normal subjects (aged 23-55 yr) on a single occasion, and again at least 1 wk later. Individual curves were largely reproducible, the maximum difference in SR at most volumes being 0.3-1 U, but frequently showed substantial yet reproducible fluctuations with volume. These corresponeded to hitherto unrecognized irregularities of maximum expiratory flow that may reflect sudden changes in the location of flow limitation.

Computers↗
PubMed1977

Wave-speed limitation on expiratory flow-a unifying concept.

The mechanism limiting forced expiratory flow is explained on the basis that a local flow velocity reaches the local speed of wave propagation at a point, called the choke point, in intrathoracic airways. This theoretical approach to the "waterfall effect" leads to selection of the analogy of constricted open-channel flow to apply to the elastic network of airway tubes. Quantitative results are derived for the case of negligible friction by use of the Bernoulli principle. Shapes predicted for the maximum-flow static recoil curves depend only upon the nature of the pressure-area curve at the choke point in the case of negligible friction; and the magnitude of the critical rate of flow depends on reference values of cross-sectional area and elastic modulus at the choke point, on gas density, and on the static recoil pressure. The present theoretical results are used to interpret previous experiments, but quantitative applicability is limited because of frictional effects and lack of knowledge of choke point conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The current mortality rates of radiologists and other physician specialists: deaths from all causes and from cancer.

The cohort mortality experience of radiologists and other specialists over a 50-year period was examined on the assumption that these groups would differ relative to a presumed decrease in radiation exposure. Radiologists had an excess in all-cause mortality rates compared to the other specialists for all cohorts who entered the Radiological Society of North America before 1940; the excess remained even when the cancer deaths were removed from the rates. These data are consistent with the concept of accelerated aging due to radiation. The cancer mortality rates for radiologists were higher than those of other specialists for an additional decade through 1949. The 1950-1959 cohort had not aged sufficiently to demonstrate the expected peak cancer mortality in the 60-64 year age group. Several hypotheses are presented to suggest reasons for differences in the trends of age-specific cancer mortality by cohorts of entry.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The current mortality rates of radiologists and other physician specialists: specific causes of death.

The cohort mortality experience of radiologists over a 50-year period has been compared to that of other specialists with low levels of radiation exposure. The 1920-1929 cohort of radiologists who joined the Radiological Society of North America had the highest mortality for several chronic diseases. After this early period, radiologists ranked highest only for cancer mortality. The excess risk of leukemia which was observed in the 1920-1929 and 1930-1939 cohorts has subsequently decreased. During the same period, lymphoma mortality, especially multiple myeloma, has been increasing with a significant excess of deaths appearing in radiologists who entered the specialty society between 1930-1939 and 1940-1949. A posible relationship between this finding and immunologic changes induced by radiation has been proposed.

Adult↗