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Biomedical subjects

Dilek Uygur

Publications and source records attributed to Dilek Uygur.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Leflunomide--an immunomodulator--induces regression of endometrial explants in a rat model of endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To test if leflunomide, an immunomodulator, could impede the growth of an ectopic uterine tissue. METHODS: Endometriosis was surgically induced in 26 rats by transplanting an autologous fragment of endometrial tissue onto the inner surface of the abdominal wall. Four weeks later two rats were killed. The volume and weight of the implants were measured. The remaining rats were randomly grouped, and in group 1 no medication was given. To the rats in group 2, 35 mg/kg/d of leflunomide was administered orally. Four weeks later, rats were killed and ectopic uterine tissues were reevaluated morphologically and histologically. A scoring system was used to evaluate preservation of epithelia. RESULTS: Two rats in the control group died 5 weeks after surgery. There was a significant difference in post-treatment spherical volumes (139.1 +/- 92.8 versus 33.5 +/- 12.5 mm3) and explant weights (156.3 +/- 105.6 versus 38.6 +/- 12.6 mg) between the control and leflunomide-treated groups. The epithelia were found to be preserved significantly better in the control group when compared with the leflunomide-treated group (median 2.5 [interquartile range, 1.25] versus median 1.00 [interquartile range, 1.5]). CONCLUSION: Leflunomide appeared to cause regression of experimental endometriosis in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Bone loss in young women with premature ovarian failure.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of premature ovarian failure on bone mineral density. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five women with karyotypically normal spontaneous premature ovarian failure underwent hip and spinal bone density measurements by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Findings were compared with a control group of 61 women of similar age. RESULTS: The median (range) age of the women with premature ovarian failure was 33 (18-39) years. The median (range) time since diagnosis of premature ovarian failure was 2 years (0.5-7). Forty-one of the women (91%) had sought medical advice previously and had taken a variety of estrogen and progestin replacement regimens at least intermittently. Both the femoral neck bone mineral density measurements and the spinal bone mineral density measurements were significantly lower than measurements of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that premature ovarian failure has significantly lower levels of bone mineral density than the control group of normal women. We suggest that hormone replacement therapy should be substituted early and consistently in affected patients. Our data also raise questions about whether preservation of bone mass in these patients will require replacement of additional gonadal steroids.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2005

Multiple repeat caesarean section: is it safe?

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the obstetric outcome of patients without obstetric risks, who had two or more previous caesarean sections (C/S) prior to the current pregnancy, which was managed by caesarean section in our obstetric department. METHODS: We studied the case notes of 602 women who had a repeat caesarean section in our unit between May 2002-June 2003. We then compared the two groups: (1) those who had two or more previous caesarean sections and (2) those who had only one previous caesarean section. RESULTS: In the study group, while dense intraperitoneal adhesions were present in 3.6% of the patients, they were not found in control group. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Uterine wound separation rate was 1.9% in the study group and none of the patients in control group had uterine wound separation, which was statistically significant also (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant association between Apgar scores and number of previous caesarean sections. Postoperative complication rates did not differ between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients without any obstetric risks, with two or more previous caesarean sections had significantly more dense adhesions and uterine wound separations in the current caesarean section compared to patients with one previous caesarean section. But, maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity in women who have two or more previous caesarean sections did not differ from the patients with one previous caesarean section.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Effect on sexual life--a comparison between tibolone and continuous combined conjugated equine estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of tibolone 2.5 mg with those of continuous combined conjugated equine estrogens 0.625 mg/day and medroxyprogesterone acetate 5 mg/day (CEE/MPA) on sexual life in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Eighty women were randomized to treatment with either tibolone or continuous combined CEE/MPA. Subjects were asked about sexual desire, sexual excitement, sexual arousal, orgasm capacity, vaginal lubrication during sexual activity and dyspareunia before and after the treatment. RESULTS: After 6 months of treatment, a total of 72 women completed the study. When tibolone was compared with continuous combined CEE/MPA, significantly higher scores were found for the items assessing sexual desire, sexual excitement, intercourse frequency and vaginal dryness (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that both tibolone and continuous combined CEE/MPA treatment were associated with significant improvements in sexual function in postmenopausal women. However, tibolone treatment improved sexual function to a greater extent than continuous combined CEE/MPA.

Estrogen Receptor Modulators↗
PubMed2004

Maternal height as a risk factor for Caesarean section.

BACKGROUND: Maternal height has been reported as an obstetric risk factor, since short maternal stature may be associated with an increased incidence of obstructed labour due to cephalopelvic disproportion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 373 nulliparous women who were 150 cm or less in height (total n=5,650) and 367 women who were below 19 years old in the study group and 48 of these women were 150 cm or less in height. There were 37 patients who were 150 cm or less in height and over 39 years old. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the rates of Caesarean section in patients who were 150 cm or less in height and patients who were taller than 150 cm (P>0.05). However, the rate of Caesarean section was higher in patients who were 150 cm or less in height and below 19 years old (P<0.05) and over 39 years old (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Short maternal height (<150 cm) was not associated with a greater likelihood of Caesarean section for cephalopelvic disproportion. However, patients who were below 19 years old and over 39 years old with a height of 150 cm or smaller had a greater likelihood of undergoing Caesarean section.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Prediction of pituitary down-regulation by evaluation of endometrial thickness in an IVF programme.

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether pituitary down-regulation after gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) administration can be accurately predicted by transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial thickness in the presence of menstruation. All cycles of an IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection programme in which a long protocol of GnRHa was used for ovarian stimulation were analysed. Overall, 209 patients underwent 223 treatment cycles. Using a serum oestradiol concentration of 50 pg/ml as a cut-off point, the sensitivity, specificity, predictive value and false positive and false negative values were calculated for prediction of pituitary down-regulation from endometrial thickness measurements. Pituitary down-regulation was achieved in 223 treatment cycles in 180 patients (80%). The best combination of the highest specificity (71.7%) and sensitivity (62.5%) is achieved with a linear appearance of the endometrium. Therefore, ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial thickness should be used in combination with serum oestradiol concentration in estimating pituitary down-regulation after GnRHa. In conclusion, the linear appearance of endometrium can be as reliable as serum oestradiol concentration in prediction of pituitary down-regulation after GnRHa.

Down-Regulation↗
PubMed2004

Prevention of adhesions by sodium chromoglycate, dexamethasone, saline and aprotinin after pelvic surgery.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present paper was to assess the efficacy of saline, sodium chromoglycate, dexamethasone and aprotinin, in single or in combined use in reducing postoperative pelvic adhesion formation in a rabbit model. METHODS: A standard lesion was performed to induce adhesion formation. Forty-five rabbits were divided into nine study groups. Group 1 was the non-treatment group. In group 2, 3 cm(3) of the rabbits' own serum was instilled i.p. In group 3, 5 mg/kg sodium chromoglycate and 3 cm(3) of the rabbits' own serum were administered i.p. The group 4 rabbits were instilled with 5 mg/kg sodium chromoglycate, 3 cm(3) rabbits' own serum and 1 mg/kg dexamethasone i.p. The group 5 rabbits were injected with 5000 units aprotinin i.m. 2 h before operation and 5 mg/kg sodium chromoglycate, 3 cm(3) of rabbit serum, 1 mg dexamethasone and 5000 units aprotinin instilled i.p. In group 6, 3 cm(3) saline was instilled i.p. Groups 7, 8 and 9 were a repeat of groups 4, 5 and 6 with the exception of replacement of the rabbit serum by 3 cm(3) saline. Animals were evaluated for adhesions 10 days after operation. RESULTS: Macroscopic adhesion scores of all the groups (2-9) were significantly less than scores of the control group (group 1). The macroscopic adhesion scores of group 9 and group 8 were significantly less compared to that of group 7. CONCLUSION: Intraperitoneal instillation of saline and sodium chromoglycate decreased pelvic adhesion formation significantly in a rabbit model. Addition of aprotinin and dexamethasone to these agents gave a further advantage in decreasing pelvic adhesion formation.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Early repair of episiotomy dehiscence.

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of our hospital between 1 March 2001 and 1 March 2003 for patients with episiotomy dehiscence. In the study period, there were 37 patients with episiotomy dehiscence. While 12 of the patients with episiotomy dehiscence were allowed to heal by secondary intention, 25 patients underwent early repair. All the episiotomies were mediolateral. Infection was the obvious cause of dehiscence in the majority (25 out of 37) of the women. The average time from recognition of dehiscence to discharge from hospital was 5.6 +/- 2.8 days for the patients with early repair of episiotomy dehiscence and 5.8 +/- 2.4 days in patients allowed to heal by secondary intention. Patients were seen 2 weeks after being discharged. Among the patients treated by early repair, three patients had a superficial separation of skin edges. Healing was complete in the rest of the patients with early repair of episiotomy dehiscence. We concluded that with adequate preoperative care, primarily wound cleansing and intravenous antibiotics, early repair of episiotomy dehiscence is safe and effective.

Adult↗