Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

David Morton

Publications and source records attributed to David Morton.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Report of the Working Group on Animal Distress in the Laboratory.

Finding ways to minimize pain and distress in research animals is a continuing goal in the laboratory animal research field. Pain and distress, however, are not synonymous, and measures that alleviate one may not affect the other. Here, the authors provide a summary of a meeting held in February 2004 that focused on distress in laboratory animals. They discuss the difficulties associated with defining 'distress,' propose methods to aid in recognizing and alleviating distressful conditions, and provide recommendations for animal research conduct and oversight that would minimize distress experienced by laboratory animals.

Animal Care Committees↗
PubMed2005

Photophysical properties of anthanthrene-based tunable blue emitters.

Anthanthrene (1) derivatives substituted at the 4,10 and 6,12 positions (2-6) were synthesized as promising candidates for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The emission of these compounds can be manipulated in the blue region (lambda(max) = 437-467 nm) through structural modifications. Photophysical and electrochemical properties (phi(F) = 0.20-0.47; tau(F) = 2.97-6.06 ns; HOMO-LUMO energy gap = 2.25-2.56 eV) as well as geometry optimized structures of 1-6 are reported.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Active and intelligent inhaler device development.

The dry powder inhaler, which has traditionally relied on the patient's inspiratory force to deaggregate and deliver the active agent to the target region of the lung, has been a successful delivery device for the provision of locally active agents for the treatment of conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, such devices can suffer from poor delivery characteristics and/or poor reproducibility. More recently, drugs for systemic delivery and more high value compounds have been put into DPI devices. Regulatory, dosing, manufacturing and economic concerns have demanded that a more efficient and reproducible performance is achieved by these devices. Recently strategies have been put in place to produce a more efficient DPI device/formulation combination. Using one novel device as an example the paper will examine which features are important in such a device and some of the strategies required to implement these features. All of these technological advances are invisible, and may be irrelevant, to the patient. However, their inability to use an inhaler device properly has significant implications for their therapy. Use of active device mechanisms, which reduce the dependence on patient inspiratory flow, and sensible industrial design, which give the patient the right clues to use, are important determinants of performance here.

Drug Delivery Systems↗
PubMed1998

[Humane endpoints as a replacement for the estimation of lethality rates in the potency testing of rabies vaccines]

Vaccines are successfully used to prevent rabies infections in humans and animals. The quality requirements for these products are high. After licensing it is still necessary for batch release to perform animal challenge tests to demonstrate the potency of the vaccines. In these experiments it is registered how many animals in the immunised groups die or show symptoms of rabies within a defined time frame. An ECVAM working group has examined whether clinical signs can be used in challenge tests for vaccine control to replace lethality as criterion. The severe distress and the typical signs of the disease made the rabies infection a promising example for this study. Clinical signs, body temperature and body weight were the criteria used to define humane endpoints. It could be shown, that the reduction of body weight and the appearance of typical clinical signs are suitable to define humane endpoints. Pain and distress could be considerably reduced by the implementation of these criteria in to the legal requirements for potency tests of rabies vaccines.

Journal Article↗