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D Y Mason

Publications and source records attributed to D Y Mason.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Diagnosis of human lymphoma with monoclonal antileukocyte antibodies.

Two monoclonal antibodies have been produced that react with antigens present on human white cells. These reagents differ from other monoclonal antibodies of similar specificity in that the antigens they recognize are resistant to conventional tissue-fixation and embedding procedures. These reagents can therefore be used in immunocytochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections. We assessed the practical usefulness of this technique in the histopathological diagnosis of human lymphoid neoplasms by staining a wide range of routine surgical biopsy specimens of normal and neoplastic tissue (gathered from five institutions), using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. In all 40 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, positive labeling of neoplastic cells was obtained with one or both antibodies. In contrast, no staining of neoplastic cells was observed in 60 samples of nonlymphoid neoplasms. We conclude that many of the difficulties encountered by histopathologists in distinguishing between lymphoid and nonlymphoid neoplasms may be overcome by immunohistologic labeling with monoclonal antibodies such as the ones we have studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Human dendritic reticulum cells of lymphoid follicles: their antigenic profile and their identification as multinucleated giant cells.

The B-dependent areas of human lymphoid tissue contain non-lymphoid, non-phagocytic cells known as dendritic reticulum cells (DRC). These cells can be detected only very occasionally in routinely stained histologic sections. Recently we were able to overcome this limitation by preparing a monoclonal antibody, termed R 4/23, that reacts selectively with DRC. Thus by using an optimized immunoperoxidase method applied to frozen sections, it is possible to detect DRC in situ. To determine the antigenic profile of DRC, serial frozen sections of human tonsils were immunostained with R 4/23 and a large panel of other monoclonal antibodies or conventional antisera. In addition, touch imprints of tonsils and cytocentrifuge slides of cell suspensions with increased concentrations of DRC were immunostained with these reagents. DRC proved to be positive for mu, gamma, alpha, kappa and lambda chains, complement component C3b, C3b receptors, C3d receptors, HLA-A,B,C antigens, human Ia-like antigens, common ALL antigen (cALLa), and antigens that are characteristic of the monocyte/macrophage lineages. DRC did not express delta chains, T cell antigens, or antigens that are expressed on interdigitating reticulum cells (IDC) and Langerhans cells. DRC in touch imprints and suspensions prepared from hyperplastic tonsils were found to be giant cells often with 10 or more nuclei. In certain cases of follicular hyperplasia and of centroblastic-centrocytic lymphoma, DRC with several nuclei were also detectable in situ. These results show that (1) the phenotype of DRC differs from that of all other cell types in lymphoid tissue, (2) this phenotype most nearly resembles that of cells of the monocyte/macrophage series, thus suggesting that DRC are related to these cell lineages, and (3) DRC are multinucleated giant cells.

Antigens↗
PubMed1983

Immunohistological analysis of T lymphocyte subsets in the central nervous system in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis.

In an analysis of pooled data, we have found that cytotoxic-suppressor T cells outnumber the helper-inducer subset and also the population of cells bearing the pan-T cell marker in specimens of CNS from patients dying with MS (Booss et al. 1983). In the present study of individual data, we have reviewed the case histories to determine if these findings were consistent in various clinical settings. Variables examined included disease duration, tempo of evolution, immunosuppressive therapy, and other potentially immunomodulating features such as tumours. The predominance of the cytotoxic-suppressor subset was not found to be altered by any of these variables. We also present an individual data analysis of cases dying without known CNS disease and of cases with chronic non-inflammatory CNS disease. We found that the low but consistently observed number of T cells was apparently unrelated to the age of the individual or the site of the CNS sampled. Analysis of selected perivascular infiltrates showed, in contrast to the CNS parenchyma, that the pan-T cells and each of the subsets were approximately equal in proportion. Consideration of this observation and of the cytotoxic-suppressor subset preponderance in the parenchyma is compatible with the possibility of antigenic modulation of the T cell differentiation antigens. Finally, the potential contribution of perivascular infiltrates to the CSF pleocytosis is considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Immunoenzymatic staining of haematological samples with monoclonal antibodies.

This paper describes the use of immunoenzymatic techniques (and in particular a recently developed immuno-alkaline phosphatase procedure) for labelling haematological samples with monoclonal antibodies. Since cells are smeared and fixed before staining it is possible to combine optimal preservation of cellular detail with visualization of positive labelling. Additional advantages over conventional immunofluorescent procedures for detecting cellular antigens include the fact that samples may be stored for long periods both before and after staining, and that double labelling may readily be performed (either by combining immunoenzymatic staining with T cell rosetting or by performing immunoperoxidase and immuno-alkaline phosphatase techniques sequentially). Furthermore, these methods may be applied to samples containing too few cells for conventional examination (e.g. samples of cerebrospinal fluid). A total of 16 different antigens (including HLA-DR, common ALL antigen and antigens associated with T cells, B cells, erythroid cells and megakaryocytes) were demonstrated by immuno-enzymatic staining on a range of normal and neoplastic haematological samples. It is concluded that this approach to cellular antigen labelling is of potential value not only in routine haematological diagnosis, but also for research in many immunological and haematological fields.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

An immunohistological study of reactive lymphoid tissue.

The aim of this study was to document the patterns of cytoplasmic Ig heavy and light chain expression in reactive lymphoid tissue, using single and double immunoenzymatic labelling techniques. This investigation was undertaken, firstly, to provide information on whether the normal counterparts of high grade lymphoma cells (e.g. centroblasts, immunoblasts) ever express more than one light or heavy chain (as has been noted in the past for lymphomas) and also, secondly, to seek evidence of intraclonal 'switching' from cytoplasmic IgM to cytoplasmic IgG expression. Paraffin embedded sections, all showing substantial reactive changes, were analysed by means of immunoperoxidase stains for the three major immunoglobulin classes (IgG, IgM and IgA), both light chain classes and J chain. In addition, double immunoenzymatic labelling techniques were used to search for cells showing simultaneous expression of kappa and lambda light chains and cells expressing mu and gamma heavy chain. Large transformed lymphocytes showing cytoplasmic Ig-staining in the pulp and interfollicular areas often have nuclear morphology indistinguishable from germinal centre centroblasts. There was no evidence of primitive appearing IgM-positive cells and IgG-positive cells of more mature morphology. In addition, immunoenzymatic staining showed that cells simultaneously expressing both IgG and IgM are only rarely encountered. When such cells were detected, the morphology was not that of a blast cell, but rather of a plasma cell containing Russel bodies. Hence it is suggested that cytoplasmic IgM switching to IgG is rarely detected by immunohistological methods in reactive tissue. Double staining for kappa and lambda revealed that cells simultaneously expressing both light chain types were not detected even among cells showing the most primitive morphology.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1983

Cervical wart virus infection, intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma; an immunohistological study using a panel of monoclonal antibodies.

The pattern of epithelial antigen expression has been examined in normal and disordered cervical squamous epithelium using immunohistological methods and a range of monoclonal antibodies. It was demonstrated that wart virus infection (WVI) is associated with disordered staining for a keratin-associated component and for HLA-DR antigen. Furthermore, wart-infected epithelium shows strong labelling for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and for human milk fat globule antigens 1 and 2 (HMFG1 and 2). In addition these antigens (CEA, HMFG1 and 2) are also expressed in mixed WVI and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), CIN III and in carcinoma. While these findings do not allow immunohistological discrimination between non-neoplastic and neoplastic cervical epithelia, they do provide support for the view that cellular proliferation of the type induced by papilloma virus may represent an initiator stage in the process of neoplastic transformation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Langerhans' cells in human cervical epithelium: an immunohistological study.

Langerhans' cells are intraepithelial dendritic cells believed to be important in the recognition and processing of exogenous antigens. They were demonstrated by immunohistological methods in cervical tissue obtained from 10 subjects ranging in age from 30 weeks gestational age to 62 years. Langerhans' cells were clearly delineated in all tissue sections and appear to form a relatively constant component of both the transformation zone and ectocervical epithelium. In addition to Langerhans' cells, a population of T lymphocytes characterized as predominantly T-cytotoxic/suppressor cells have also been demonstrated. The interaction between Langerhans' cells, T lymphocytes and stromal macrophages and their relation to antigen recognition is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Langerhans' cells in human cervical epithelium: effects of wart virus infection and intraepithelial neoplasia.

The distribution of Langerhans' cells and T and B lymphocytes in cervical epithelium affected by wart virus infection (WVI) and intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) has been studied by immunohistological techniques with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. In comparison with normal tissue epithelium infected by wart virus consistently showed a partial depletion or absence of both Langerhans' cells and T lymphocytes. The few Langerhans' cells which remained showed loss of their normal dendritic processes and were confined to the vicinity of the basement membrane. In contrast, epithelium from patients with CIN showed an increase in spindle-shaped Langerhans' cells associated with increased numbers of stromal and intraepithelial lymphoid cells. These findings suggest that there is a marked difference in host immune responses in these two conditions and may explain why WVI tends to persist in the epithelium while CIN is often associated with a lymphoid reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Immunocytochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies in cytologically "negative" serous effusions from patients with malignant disease.

In order to assess the practical value of immunocytochemical techniques in routine cytological diagnosis, a panel of three monoclonal antibodies (anti-CEA, Ca 1 and HMFG-2) were used to search for malignant cells in 53 samples of pleural or peritoneal fluid from 41 selected patients. All these patients suffered from malignant disease, but neoplastic cells had not been reported on conventional cytological examination. In 12 of the 41 cases immunocytochemical staining revealed previously unrecognised malignant cells. This represents an increase in diagnostic accuracy of approximately 20% and suggests that immunocytochemical labelling should be used routinely for the examination of cytologically negative samples from patients with suspected malignant disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Immunocytochemical staining of cells in pleural and peritoneal effusions with a panel of monoclonal antibodies.

A panel of seven monoclonal antibodies was applied to smears of cell deposit from 70 pleural and peritoneal fluids, using an immunoalkaline phosphatase (IAP) procedure. The cases were chosen to show typical cytological patterns, both benign and malignant, and in this way the diagnostic value of the method could be assessed. The antibodies used were 2D1 (anti-leucocyte), Ca 1, HMFG-2 (anti-milk fat globule membrane), LE61 and M73 (both anti-intermediate filament antibodies), anti-CEA, and K92 (anti-keratin). The anti-leucocyte antibody was found useful for distinguishing lymphoma from carcinoma. Anti-CEA gave positive reactions in 80% of carcinoma cases and was not seen to react with any other cell types. Ca 1 was positive with some cells in 95% of carcinoma cases, but mesothelial cells reacted with it in two cases. A strong reaction with the anti-milk fat globule membrane antibody was very constant in carcinoma but was also seen in mesothelial cells in 30% of benign effusions. The anti-keratin reacted with malignant cells in only a small proportion of cases. The antibodies against epithelial intermediate filaments reacted equally strongly with benign mesothelial cells and carcinoma cells, but gave negative reactions with lymphoma cells. It is concluded that a suitably chosen panel of monoclonal antibodies can be of great value in identifying neoplastic cells in serous effusions.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Production of a monoclonal antibody reactive with human dendritic reticulum cells and its use in the immunohistological analysis of lymphoid tissue.

A murine monoclonal antibody (designated R4/23) which reacts strongly with human dendritic reticulum cells (DRC) is described. Immunoperoxidase staining of tissue cryostat sections revealed that this antibody reacts strongly with DRC in lymphoid follicles (both primary and secondary), and also weakly with marginal zone splenic B cells and with some peripheral follicular mantle B lymphocytes in lymph node cortical follicles. The value of antibody R4/23 is that it allows the distribution of DRC in reactive and neoplastic lymphoid tissue to be clearly delineated. Of particular interest is the fact that all cases of follicular lymphoma of germinal centre cell origin are consistently accompanied by a proliferation of DRC, even when the neoplasm is present in non-lymphoid tissue--for example, in the kidney. In contrast, DRC in B cell lymphomas of non-germinal centre origin are partially or totally obliterated.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Middle Eastern intestinal lymphoma: a morphological and immunohistochemical study.

A total of 31 cases of Middle Eastern gastrointestinal lymphoma (from Mosul, Iraq) has been analysed by conventional histology, and also by immunoperoxidase staining of trypsinised paraffin sections with anti-Ig and anti-J chain antisera. Histologically these neoplasms fell into three categories: undifferentiated lymphoma of Burkitt type (8 cases); follicle centre cell (FCC) lymphoma, resembling European lymphomas of FCC origin (15 cases); and Mediterranean lymphoma (MTL) (3 cases). Immunohistological staining of the FCC neoplasms showed that these tumours resembled their European counterpart in that cytoplasmic Ig and J chain could be demonstrated in a proportion of cases. However there was a striking difference in that alpha chain alone, light chain alone, or J chain alone were detected in several cases (in contrast to the predominance of mu plus kappa or lambda light chains found in European cases). Furthermore, prominent intracellular inclusions of alpha chains were found in two cases. Staining of the MTL cases revealed that the characteristic mucosal plasma cell infiltrate was positive for alpha chain (weakly) and J chain (strongly) but that the invasive cells which morphologically resembled FCCs were negative for both constituents. It is argued that these three histological categories constitute the major types of gastrointestinal lymphoma in the Middle East; and that in MTL the invasive lymphoma is of FCC type.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Transferrin receptors in human tissues: their distribution and possible clinical relevance.

The distribution of transferrin receptors (TR) has been studied in a range of normal and malignant tissues using four monoclonal antibodies, BK19.9, B3/25, T56/14 and T58/1. In normal tissues TR was found in a limited number of sites, notably basal epidermis, the endocrine pancreas, hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, testis and pituitary. This restricted pattern of distribution may be relevant to the characteristic pattern of iron deposition in primary haemachromatosis. In contrast to this limited pattern of expression in normal tissue, the receptor was widely distributed in carcinomas, sarcomas and in samples from cases of Hodgkin's disease. This malignancy-associated expression of the receptor may play a role in the anaemia of advanced malignancy by competing with the bone marrow for serum iron.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

HLA-DR positive cells in the human placenta.

A population of heterogeneous HLA-DR positive cells has been identified in the human placenta and decidua using immunochemical and histochemical methods. These cells are found in three areas: the subepithelial layer of the amnion, the decidua, and more sparsely within the chorionic villous stroma. In addition to HLA-A, -B and -C antigens, they also express the leucocyte-common antigen, indicating their origin from bone marrow precursors. The majority have a characteristic stellate shape with many cytoplasmic processes. In the villous stroma these stellate cells can be distinguished from the Hofbauer cells (placental macrophages) by their morphology, stronger expression of HLA-DR and lack of lysosomal enzyme activity. In the amnion and decidua they cannot be clearly distinguished from tissue macrophages. By using monoclonal antibodies specific for foetal or maternal HLA-A or -B allotypes, the HLA-DR positive cells in the chorionic villi and the amnion have been shown to be foetal in origin. In contrast, most of the HLA-DR positive cells in the decidua are maternal; a few adjacent to the basal plate are foetal. The preponderance of these cells in those areas of the placenta where foetal and maternal tissues are in close proximity is striking. The possibility that some of the cells are equivalent to the dendritic cells that have been described in other tissues is discussed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Expression of HLA-DR antigens by colonic epithelium in inflammatory bowel disease.

The expression of HLA-DR and HLA-A,B,C antigens by human colonic epithelium has been examined in tissue sections of patients with inflammatory bowel disease using an immunohistological technique. Colonic epithelial cells from all 21 control subjects with histologically normal colonic mucosa were HLA-DR-. In contrast, in nine of 13 patients with active ulcerative colitis and 11 of 12 with active Crohn's disease the epithelium of involved colonic mucosa was HLA-DR+. HLA-DR antigens were found on the epithelium of only one of six patients with ulcerative colitis in remission and one of three with inactive Crohn's disease. Moreover, these antigens were not present on the epithelium of non-inflamed colonic mucosa in two patients with Crohn's disease in whom adjacent involved mucosa showed strong epithelial reactivity. This difference between patients with active and those with inactive disease is highly significant (P less than 0.005). These findings provide further evidence of the importance of cell-mediated immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1983

A vascular endothelial cell antigen with restricted distribution in human foetal, adult and malignant tissues.

Human vascular endothelial cells were isolated by collagenase digestion of umbilical veins. Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies were raised by fusing a mouse myeloma cell line to spleen cells from mice immunized with the isolated endothelial cells. A clone was selected which produced an antibody binding strongly to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. This antibody, EN 3, was shown to be directed against a major antigen on the surface of the cells, and appeared to be distinct from other antigens previously described on vascular tissues. The antibody bound to a lesser extent to umbilical artery endothelial cells and syncytiotrophoblast. Capillary endothelial cells in adult oesophageal tissues and tonsil were also labelled by the antibody, as were capillaries in a seminoma and infiltrating duct carcinoma of the breast. This well defined distribution in some foetal, adult and malignant tissues suggests that there is structural heterogeneity amongst endothelial cells in different sites, which may be linked to differences in differentiation or function.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Identification of Hodgkin and Sternberg-reed cells as a unique cell type derived from a newly-detected small-cell population.

In this study the antigenic profile of Hodgkin (H) and Sternberg-Reed (SR) cells from cases of Hodgkin's disease was analysed using a large panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies reactive with cells of lymphoid and haemotopoietic origin. The aim of this investigation was, firstly, to throw light on the origin of H and SR cells and, secondly, to determine whether there is any evidence to support recent suggestions that H and SR cells differ antigenically between different histological categories of Hodgkin's disease. Frozen sections (from 24 cases) and paraffin sections (83 cases) were stained by immunoenzymatic methods and the results compared with those obtained from staining a wide variety of reactive and neoplastic tissue samples (including examples of tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, malignant histiocytosis, histiocytosis X, osteomyelosclerosis and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). The results revealed that H and SR cells of all types of Hodgkin's disease consistently lack markers found on null cells, B cells, T cells, cells of monocyte/macrophage series, interdigitating reticulum cells, dendritic reticulum cells and erythropoietic and thrombopoietic cells. However, H and SR cells constantly expressed an antigen detectable with the recently produced monoclonal antibody Ki-I. The vast majority of typical and lacunar type H and SR cells contained the granulocyte-related antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies TU5, TU6, TU9 and 3C4, whereas other more or less specific granulopoietic cell markers (such as peroxidase, chloroacetate esterade, lysozyme, cationic leukocyte antigen and OKMI) were consistently absent. H and SR cells in cases of nodular paragranuloma (nodular type of Hodgkin's disease with lymphocyte predominance) were not monotypic in light chain type (as has been previously reported), but rather contained chi and lambda chains within the same cells, as do typical and lacunar type H and SR cells. Immunostaining of normal and hyperplastic lymphoid tissue with the Ki-I antibody led to the detection of a new, as yet unidentified, small-cell population of unknown origin and function, which is present between, around, and within cortical follicles. It is concluded from these findings that H and SR cells constitute a unique cell type that differs in many properties from all other known cell types. Furthermore, H and SR cells of the various histological types of Hodgkin's disease are more closely related than previously believed. It is suggested that the hitherto unknown cell population detected with the monoclonal antibody Ki-I in normal lymphoid tissue is the normal equivalent of H and SR cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗