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Biomedical subjects

D Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to D Wolf.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Pharmacologically active levels of PGE1 in neonates with congenital heart disease.

In general, prostanoids act as local mediators, not as circulating hormones. A specific exception to this rule is the infusion of prostaglandin E1 in patients with ductus arteriosus-dependent pulmonary or systemic blood flow associated with congenital heart disease. We therefore measured prostaglandin E1 plasma levels by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry during effective infusion of prostaglandin E1 in 10 neonates. Prostaglandin E1 plasma levels ranged from 22 to 530 (median 56) pg/ml in these patients. Since prostaglandin E1 is not synthesized endogenously to any significant extent, these plasma concentrations constitute genuine circulating levels not confounded by the common problem of e vivo artifacts. If endogenous prostanoids (e.g. prostaglandin E2) are suspected as circulating mediators, plasma levels detected by reliable methods ought to be in the same range as prostaglandin E1 plasma levels in the present investigation.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1989

[In vitro microbiological research on oral ointments].

Two oral ointments were investigated of their antimicrobial activities using agar diffusion test and suspension method with aerobic germs and Candida albicans. The oral ointment Parodontal-Mundsalbe-neu was better then Parodontal-Mundsalbe-alt with regard to intensity, begin and end of action. In our experiments the field of activity of both ointments against the species tested was identically.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

Retrovirus-mediated gene transfer of beta-nerve growth factor into mouse pituitary line AtT-20.

Expression of the biologically active beta-subunit of mouse nerve growth factor (beta-NGF) was conferred onto cultured AtT-20 mouse pituitary cells via a replication-defective retroviral vector. The retroviral LTR promoter was used for expression of a cDNA for beta-NGF corresponding to the shorter mRNA species produced by most tissues that receive sympathetic innervation. The vector included the TU5 gene conferring resistance to the neomycin analogue G418 under the control of an SV40 early promoter. AtT-20 cells, which produce essentially no endogenous beta-NGF, were infected and then cloned under G418 selection. Clones were evaluated for release into the medium of biologically active beta-NGF using a bioassay for neurite extension from PC-12 cells. The biological activity was equivalent to 1 to 10 ng of beta-NGF per mg cell protein over 24 hours. Immune precipitation and SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of labelled proteins in the medium showed that the major form of immunoreactive beta-NGF secreted from cells comigrated with authentic mature beta-NGF, apparent Mr 13,000. Release of this beta-NGF from cells was stimulated by addition of 1 mM-8-bromocyclic AMP or 10 nM-corticotropin releasing factor, suggesting that at least some of the processed factor is stored in secretory vesicles. These studies, together with those on other cultured cells, which produce beta-NGF and lack secretory granules, e.g. L cells, suggest that the beta-NGF precursor synthesized from the shorter mRNA species can be processed and secreted through either the regulated or constitutive route. This retroviral vector provides a potential means of conferring beta-NGF expression onto a number of different cell types in culture and in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Clinical efficacy of ciprofloxacin compared with placebo in bacterial diarrhea.

In a double-blind, randomized trial, 85 adult patients with acute diarrhea (more than three watery stools per day) received either 500 mg of ciprofloxacin twice daily or placebo for five days. Seventy-six patients were evaluated, 38 patients in the ciprofloxacin group (16 with Salmonella species, 19 with Campylobacter jejuni, and three with Shigella species) and 38 patients in the placebo group (21 with Salmonella species, 11 with C. jejuni, and six with Shigella species). The duration of fever in patients treated with ciprofloxacin was 1.3 days versus 3.1 days in the placebo group (p less than 0.05). The mean duration of diarrhea in the ciprofloxacin group was 1.5 days versus 2.9 days in the placebo group (p less than 0.001). The corresponding numbers in patients with salmonellosis were 1.9 versus 3.4 days (p less than 0.01). In the ciprofloxacin group, all stool culture results became negative within 48 hours of treatment. Relapse occurred in four patients with salmonellosis within three weeks after the end of treatment. In the placebo group, only four of 38 patients had negative stool culture results during treatment and results were negative in only 13 at one week after the treatment period (p less than 0.001). Modest transient elevation of serum transaminase levels was detected in three patients in the ciprofloxacin group and in two patients in the placebo group. Epigastric pain occurred in one patient, and leukopenia occurred in one patient in the ciprofloxacin group. Gastrointestinal discomfort was recorded in two patients and rash was found in one patient in the placebo group.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Occurrence, serotypes and biotypes of thermophilic Campylobacters isolated in Vienna.

During the 1982-1986 period of all bacterial pathogens found to have caused diarrhoea, 35% belonged to the genus Campylobacter (C). Approximately 70% of the strains were isolated from persons under the age of 30 years, with a distinct peak of occurrence in the autumn. Biotyping and serotyping according to Lior yielded the following results: C. jejuni biotype I: 32.9%, C. jejuni biotype II: 48.6%, C. coli biotype I: 10.3%, C. coli biotype II: 8.2%. From the 121 strains serotyped, 118 (97.5%) were typable. The serotypes most frequently encountered were type 1 (15.7%), 4 (9.9%), 2 and 11 (7.4% each). There were 2 familial outbreaks of Campylobacter enteritis which could be completely elucidated by biotyping and serotyping. One outbreak was caused by C. jejuni biotype I serotype 11, the other by C. jejuni biotype II serotype 6. Considering the frequent occurrence of Campylobacter infections, isolates should be routinely typed. The existing typing methods and schemes are highly developed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Expression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae glycoprotein invertase in mouse fibroblasts: glycosylation, secretion, and enzymatic activity.

Oligosaccharide processing is controlled by host- and protein-dependent factors. To increase our understanding of the relative contribution of those factors we studied the glycosylation of yeast invertase expressed in a heterologous system. Invertase synthesized in psi-2 cells (an NIH 3T3-derived packaging line) is secreted efficiently, enzymatically active, and heavily glycosylated. It was estimated that the protein contains 8 or 9 carbohydrate chains. Two classes can be observed, of an approximate size of 100-110 kDa and 115-130 kDa, respectively. The size differences are due to differences in glycosylation. The smaller class contains two high-mannose carbohydrate chains; the remainder is of the complex type, sialylated and most likely tri- or tetraantennary. This profile parallels the situation observed with invertase glycosylation in yeast, where 2 of 9 or 10 chains remain unprocessed. The larger size class of invertase expressed in mouse fibroblasts has a different profile, since it contains probably only complex-type glycans. There are no apparent differences, however, in the size of the protein backbone between the two size classes. When invertase is synthesized in the presence of the mannosidase inhibitor 1-deoxymannojirimycin, processing is blocked completely, since all glycans are susceptible to endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H. The glucosidase inhibitor 1-deoxynojirimycin does not inhibit processing completely. In both cases secretion of the protein is not affected. The glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin prevents secretion of invertase completely when cells are cultured at 37 degrees C. At 26 degrees C, however, nonglycosylated invertase can be detected in the medium. These data suggest that glycosylation of invertase seems to be essential for the early steps of the secretory pathway but is less critical for later events.

Animals↗