Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to D Wilson.

607 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanisms of subjective (sensory) irritation. Propensity to non-immunologic contact urticaria and objective irritation in stingers.

Subjective (sensory) irritation was studied with lactic acid test on 74 females; 8 reacted positively with "stinging" and/or itching or burning and another 5 had mild subjective sensations. History of previous corresponding sensations from contact with cosmetic products was significantly more common in stingers than in non-stingers (p less than 0.001); other factors, such as dermatologic history, sensitivity to ultraviolet light or skin dryness had no characteristic patterns. In the objective, immediate non-immunologic contact urticaria tests with sorbic acid and benzoic acid, the stingers developed significantly more erythema to 0.5% sorbic acid (p less than 0.05) and to 1% benzoic acid (p less than 0.02). 1% sorbic acid also induced more edema in stingers (p less than 0.02). Increased reactivity to a 24 h sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) patch test was demonstrated only with laser Doppler velocimetry (p less than 0.05). Stingers and non-stingers reacted similarly to open, cumulative SLS irritation as measured with transepidermal water loss. These studies provide clinical and biological information about subjective irritation; the data suggest a functional correlation for the what had been considered a purely subjective (sensory) phenomena.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental brain abscess: enhanced sonography and pathologic correlation.

A new sonographic contrast agent, gelatin-encapsulated nitrogen microbubbles, was introduced intraarterially to enhance the high-resolution sonographic scan of an experimental brain abscess. The echogenicity produced by the microbubbles correlated closely to the site and distribution of abscess neovascularity. The contrast agent aided in the detection of small necrotic centers in the late stages of abscess evolution when these centers were not visualized on noncontrast sonograms. The echogenic effect of the microbubbles was maximum immediately after injection; it decreased by 5 min and had virtually disappeared at 15 min.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Toward a chronopsy: Part III. Automatic monitoring of rectal, axillary and breast surface temperature and of wrist activity; effects of age and of ambulatory surgery followed by nosocomial infection.

Data of core and breast surface temperature and motor activity collected automatically with ambulatory devices, reveal circadian rhythms of different prominence in these various potential chronobiologic markers. Chronobiologic serial sections further allow the study of any alterations of the circadian rhythm parameters following ambulatory surgery. An approach using miniaturized instrumentation and methods of time series analysis may signal the danger of postoperative complications and, if it prompts timely preventive measures, may increase the safety of ambulatory surgery in particular.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of pentoxifylline on the prevention of cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in cardiac transplant patients.

The objective of this trial was to determine if oral pentoxifylline (PTX) reduced cyclosporine (CSA)-induced renal dysfunction in cardiac transplant patients in the 8 months following transplantation. The study was a prospective, open-label, crossover trial evaluating the renal effects of PTX in nine postcardiac transplant patients. Patients received PTX 2 weeks posttransplant and continued therapy for 4 months. Patients were evaluated for an additional 4 months thereafter. During the trial, various renal function tests were performed and CSA concentrations were measured at set intervals. Baseline measurements were compared with all subsequent measurements. In addition, "on-PTX" data were compared with "off-PTX" data. Significant alterations in results of renal function tests were not seen during the trial when compared with baseline values. Although no significant changes in renal function were observed during the study, no patient developed CSA-induced acute renal failure during the 4 months posttransplant. This finding suggests that PTX may offer a nephroprotective effect against CSA-induced toxicity.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of crystals of aspartate aminotransferase complexed with D-aspartate].

We report here the first X-ray studies of the complex of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase from chicken heart with D-aspartate at 2.5 A resolution. Crystals of the complex were grown by cocrystallization (space group is P2(1)2(1)2(1), parameters: a = 62.48 A, b = 117.71 A, c = 124.38 A). They contain one dimeric molecule in the asymmetric unit. The X-ray analysis proves that attachment of D-aspartate induces considerable conformational changes in the active sites of two subunits of the enzyme: both subunits of the complex are in the closed conformation, the interaction of the enzyme with D-aspartate induces a substantial turn (about 90 degrees) of the coenzyme in one subunit, the coenzyme ring is deformed, considerable conformational changes are determined for Phe-18 and Glu-141. Apparently, the amino group of the substrate is a trigger of the conformational changes in the active site of the enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A mechanical auxiliary ventricle. Histologic responses to long-term, intermittent pumping in calves.

The mechanical auxiliary ventricle (MAV) is an avalvular, inseries left ventricular assist device (LVAD) comprised of a 60 cc Biomer blood pump implanted in the descending thoracic aorta, a percutaneous access device (PAD), and an external pneumatic drive. In four calves the MAV was implanted and activated intermittently for 192, 249, 423, and 785 days, respectively; no anticoagulants were administered. When the animals were killed, the implants were retrieved, and autopsies, including gross, light microscopic, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examinations, were performed. The MAV was securely attached to the aorta in every animal. A thin, even smooth, pseudoneointimal layer (PNI) contiguous with the aorta at the level of the suture line covered the MAV's blood-contacting surface. Areas of calcification beneath the PNI, expected in growing animals with implanted pumping devices, were noted. At autopsy there was no evidence of thrombosis or infection in the regions of the blood pump or the PAD. These findings confirm the calves' benign histologic response to the MAV, and together with the results of hematologic and biochemiccal studies, and bench tests of system components being reported elsewhere, indicate the system's readiness for limited clinical investigation in selected patients with chronic congestive failure.

Animals↗