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Biomedical subjects

D Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to D Wilson.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Incidence of mitral valve prolapse in one hundred clinically stable newborn baby girls: an echocardiographic study.

Clinical and echocardiographic examinations were performed on 100 clinically stable, newborn baby girls. Mitral valve prolapse was noted on the echocardiograms of seven babies. Three subjects had systolic clicks, two of whom had systolic murmurs following the click. The four other babies who had echocardiographic evidence of mitral valve prolapse had no abnormal auscultatory signs. Of the 93 babies without evidence of mitral prolapse, 91 had normal echocardiograms and auscultatory features; one was noted to have a murmur consistent with a ventricular septal defect, and another had an eccentric aortic valve on the echocardiogram which was suggestive of a bicuspid aortic valve. Serial studies on our group of subjects will yield useful information regarding the natural history of mitral valve prolapse.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1979

Electrical stimulation of wrist and fingers for hemiplegic patients.

Passive cyclical electrical stimulation was applied during a four-week treatment program to the wrist and finger extensors of 16 hemiplegic patients with flexor spasticity. The study noted the effects of this treatment on the patients' sensation; spasticity; passive range of motion of the wrist, metacarpophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal joints; and strength in the wrist extensor muscles. Patients were divided into chronic and subacute groups. Both groups received electrical stimulation for three half-hour periods a day, seven days a week, as a substitute for all other range-of-motion techniques. Flexion contractures were prevented in the subacute group of patients at the wrist, metacarpophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal joints. A statistically and clinically significant increase in wrist extension range occurred in the chronic group that had wrist flexion contractures before the electrical stimulation. Increased extension was noted at the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of patients in the chronic group. Those patients with some voluntary wrist extension before the treatment began were able to increase their extension strength during stimulation. No changes in skin sensation were noted and only a general trend in decreasing spasticity was apparent.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Focusing the catastrophic illness debate.

Unlike other aspects of the American health experience, there is a current void of information on expensive illness experiences. This paper is designed to fill this void and prrsents an analysis of the incidence and cost of catastrophic illness in the United States. Catastrophic illness is defined as an illness episode for which a person incurs $5,000 or more of medical expenses in a calendar year. This information is used to provide a framework for focusing the debate about catastrophic and national health insurance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Central control insufficiency. III. Disturbed motor control and sensation: a treatment approach emphasizing upper extremity orthoses.

In the discussion of the problems, the selection of patients, and some of the approaches to treatment, three major areas need emphasis. 1. Guidelines are necessary to select patients who require and can respond to treatment. The patients who will benefit the most must be identified and provided with structured therapy programs. 2. Effective bracing of the severely spastic wrist and hand may not be possible. The orthoses described are used to prevent deformity and relieve pain. 3. All motor control available to a patient must be incorporated immediately into the patient's daily activities.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1978

Hypothalamic catecholaminergic effects on prolactin release in vitro.

Hypothalamic catecholaminergic influences on prolactin release were investigated in vitro. Both dopamine and norepinephrine caused long lasting inhibition of prolactin release from either an isolated hemipituitary or a hemipituitary coincubated with a hypothalamus. Epinephrine also inhibited prolactin release. L-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) inhibited prolactin release from pituitaries in the presence of a hypothalamus but not in isolated pituitaries. DL-Threodihydroxyphenylserine (threodops), serotonin, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP), tyramine, octopamine, synephrine, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH), and somatostatin all failed to alter prolactin release. Results confirm that dopamine and norepinephrine directly inhibit prolactin release from pituitary and suggest that the hypothalamic mechanism inhibiting prolactin involves dopamine but not norepinephrine.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Aerodynamic size distribution of metered-dose bronchodilator aerosols.

The aerodynamic size distributions of 9 commonly used bronchodilator aerosols were determined by using a new instrument, the single-particle, aerodynamic relaxation time analyzer, which can measure the aerodynamic size of single particles and droplets in real time independent of density, shape, and other physical characteristics. The following commercial preparations were studied: Duo-Medihaler, Medihaler-Epi, Medihaler-Epi Medihaler-Iso, Norisodrine Aerotrol, Alupent, Metaprel, Isuprel Mistometer, Bronkometer, and Asthma-Meter. Count median diameters ranged from 0.62 to 0.82 micrometer, and mass median aerodynamic diameters ranged from 2.8 to 4.3 micrometer. The heterodisperse nature of the aerosols was demonstrated by the relatively large geometric standard deviations, which ranged from 1.5 to 2.1. None of these aerosols had a log-normal distribution; rather, the distribution curves were multimodal.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1978

The association between atrial septal defect and prolapse of the tricuspid valve. An echocardiographic study.

The echocardiograms of 52 patients with atrial septal defects were reviewed. Six patients were noted to have prolapse of the tricuspid valve. Three of these subjects had associated prolapse of the mitral valve. The diagnosis of tricuspid valvular prolapse was confirmed by angiograms in one patient. Four patients had midsystolic tricuspid valvular prolapse, and holosystolic prolapse of the tricuspid valve was observed in two. In one patient a striking increase in the degree of tricuspid valvular prolapse was noted after closure of the atrial septal defect. A concomitant increase in the degree of tricuspid regurgitation was noted after surgery. Aggravation of tricuspid valvular prolapse should be considered as one of the causes of clinical and hemodynamic deterioration in the condition of a patient following repair of an atrial septal defect.

Adult↗