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Biomedical subjects

D Williams

Publications and source records attributed to D Williams.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Consultation in the coagulation laboratory. A conceptual analysis.

Physicians can play an important role as consultants in the utilization of laboratory data by providing interpretation, recommending action, and presenting rationale. These activities have been quantitated in 382 consecutive consultations provided by pathologists in the coagulation laboratory, and their statistical interrelationships have been analyzed. Quantitative characterization of the consultation is important, since the pathologist's professional role in patient care may no longer remain informal and undocumented. However, analogous evaluations can be applied to expose, evaluate, and improve the properties of clinical consultation in general.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1981

Depression and social adjustment among chronic schizophrenic outpatients.

An examination of the relationship between symptoms and social adjustment among 98 chronic schizophrenic outpatients revealed that depressive mood contributed most to overall social dysfunction. Correlational patterns between depressive mood and factors of social dysfunction among these patients were found to be similar to those found among acutely depressed outpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Biochemical studies on McLeod phenotype erythrocytes.

Red cells of the McLeod phenotype in the Kell blood group system have an acanthocytic morphology. The membrane protein composition analyzed on sodium dodecyl-sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the ATP level and the activities of a large number of intracellular enzymes appear to be normal. Membranes prepared from McLeod red cells incubated with gamma AT[32P] and MgCl2 incorporated twice as much radioactivity into spectrin and also showed a slight elevation of phosphorylation in band 3 protein when compared to membranes from normal cells. Intact normal red cells incubated with carrier-free [32P] incorporated radioactivity into several proteins, with most incorporation in spectrin and band 3 protein. In comparison, McLeod cells incorporated three times more radioactivity into spectrin and band 3 protein but increased phosphorylation also occurred in other, but not all, membrane proteins. Intact McLeod red cells also showed increased phosphorylation of membrane phospholipids, but they incorporated [32P] into intracellular nucleotide phosphates in a normal manner.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1981

Small pulmonary arteries in some natives of La Paz, Bolivia.

A histological study was made of the small pulmonary blood vessels in pieces of lung obtained at necropsy from 19 long-term residents of La Paz, Bolivia (3800 m). There was variation in the response of the pulmonary vasculature of these subjects to the chronic hypoxia of high altitude. The most characteristic finding, seen in seven of the 16 cases beyond infancy, was distal extension of vascular smooth muscle into pulmonary arterioles as small as 20 micrometer in diameter. Medial hypertrophy of the muscular pulmonary arteries occurred in only three of these seven subjects. Intimal fibrosis was seen in eight of the 19 cases and was ascribed to age; such fibrotic proliferation may affect the reversibility of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and associated vascular changes in highlanders.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Propranolol in the treatment of rage and violent behavior in patients with chronic brain syndromes.

The authors successfully treated four patients who had irreversible CNS lesions and socially disabling aggressiveness and outbursts of rage, which had not been affected by high doses of major tranquilizers or anticonvulsants, with 320-520 mg/day of propranolol. Disorientation, memory impairment, and psychotic thought processes associated with the CNS lesions were not altered by the propranolol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Flooring variables.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Facility Design and Construction↗
PubMed1981

The therapeutic advantages of a balanced nutritional support system.

Twenty-two critically ill patients were entered into a 21-day prospective study to evaluate the feasibility of relying on a balanced nutritional support system to satisfy the needs of a diverse group of surgical patients. No patient sustained a serious complication related to glucose metabolism, and only two patients required insulin. Twenty-one of the patients achieved positive nitrogen balance during the study, and 13 had a significant weight gain not related to water retention. Documented sepsis was present in 50% of the patients but in spite of this, 91% had a successful course of therapy. The ease of management and metabolic efficiency of this approach encourages the use of fat as a primary energy substrate in a balanced nutritional support system to restore positive energy and nitrogen balance.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Mucin synthesis. I. Detection in canine submaxillary glands of an N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase which acts on mucin substrates.

Canine submaxillary gland microsomes have been shown to catalyze the following reaction: UDP-GlcNAc + Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-X leads to Gal beta 1-3(GlcNAc)GalNAc-X + UDP where X is porcine or ovine submaxillary mucin polypeptide or a low molecular weight substituent. This activity was shown by mixed substrate experiments to be different from two other previously described glycoprotein N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases acting on N-glycosyl oligosaccharides and is the first N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase shown to act on mucin substrates. The transferase-catalyzed reaction proceeds at 70 to 80% of the optimum rate in the absence of added divalent cation or in the presence of 10 mM EDTA. The enzyme appeared to be unstable at 37 degrees C, but the reaction rate remained constant for at least 2 h at 25 degrees C. The enzyme showed a pH optimum of 7.0 and was stimulated 4-fold by 0.125% Triton X-100. Methylation analysis of product formed either with mucin acceptor or Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-alpha-O-benzyl indicated GlcNAc transfer to either carbon 4 or carbon 6 of the GalNAc residue of the acceptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Mucin synthesis. II. Substrate specificity and product identification studies on canine submaxillary gland UDP-GlcNAc:Gal beta 1-3GalNAc(GlcNAc leads to GalNAc) beta 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase.

The preceding paper (Williams, D., and Schachter, H. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 0000-0000) described a novel N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase in canine submaxillary gland microsomes which catalyzed the incorporation of GlcNAc into mucin acceptors. We show in the present report that the enzyme catalyzes th following reaction: UDP-GlcNAc + Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-X leads to Gal beta 1-3(GlcNAc beta 1-6) GalNAc-X + UDP, where X can be porcine submaxillary mucin polypeptide (Km = 5.2 mM), antifreeze glycoprotein polypeptide (Km = 23 mM), alpha-O-p-nitrophenyl (Km = 0.52 mM), beta-O-p-nitrophenyl (Km = 0.92 mM), alpha-O-o-nitrophenyl (Km = 0.86 mM), alpha-O-benzyl (Km = 0.77 mM), alpha-O-methyl (Km = 4.2 mM), or -H (Km = 1.2 mM). Ineffective acceptors (< 5% of the activity with Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-alpha-p-nitrophenyl) are asialo-ovine submaxillary mucin, asialo-alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, Gal beta 1-3GlcNAc-beta-p-nitrophenyl, Gal beta 1-3GlcNAc-alpha-methyl, Gal beta1-3GlcNAc, Gal beta 1-3-N-acetylgalactosaminitol, and D-fucose beta 1-3GalNAc-alpha-benzyl, indicating that both the Gal and GalNAc residues are essential for acceptor activity. The beta 1 leads to 6-linkage of GlcNAc to GalNAc in the acceptor Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-alpha-O-benzyl was established by methylation analysis and high resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a large scale preparation of product. Preliminary evidence has been obtained indicating that sialic acid linked alpha 2-6 to GalNAc or L-fucose linked alpha 1-2 to Gal inhibit the action of the beta 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase on Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-porcine submaxillary mucin polypeptide.

Animals↗