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Biomedical subjects

D Wilkinson

Publications and source records attributed to D Wilkinson.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The effect of increased cardiac output on luteal phase gonadal steroids: a hypothesis for runners amenorrhea.

The beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol was infused intravenously for 4 hours during the midluteal phase of the cycle in six normal women. A rapid increase in cardiac output occurred for the entire duration of the isoproterenol infusion and serum estrogen and progesterone levels (but not luteinizing hormone levels) decreased significantly (P less than 0.001) to a nadir of 30% and 50% of baseline levels, respectively, suggesting increased metabolic clearance of the two steroids. We hypothesize that endurance training chronically increases metabolic clearance of gonadal steroids, resulting in abnormal negative and/or positive feedback on the hypothalamic/pituitary axis leading to the menstrual irregularities commonly seen in athletes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Bacteremia associated with esophageal dilatation.

The present study was undertaken because the previously reported incidence of bacteremia associated with esophageal dilatation seemed high, and did not correlate well with clinical experience. Seventeen adult patients were dilated for benign esophageal strictures with one to three dilators on 41 occasions. Five blood cultures were taken over the 30-minute period after each dilatation. Either routinely sterilized dilators or dilators resterilized just before the procedure were used in a random fashion. On 22 of the occasions that routinely sterilized dilators were used in 17 patients, temperatures, white blood counts, and blood cultures were normal in each instance. Resterilized dilators were used on 19 occasions in 15 subjects, and postdilation temperatures and white blood counts were also normal. Two blood cultures from different patients grew Staphylococcus epidermidis, which were felt to be contaminants. On the basis of this and previous studies, extra precautions do not appear to be necessary for dilatation of routine benign strictures. In patients at risk for endocarditis, or those with cancer or tight strictures, it seems advisable to sterilize dilators just before use, and take extra precautions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effects of brief psychiatric training on the attitudes of general nursing students to psychiatric patients.

The attitudes of an unselected sample of general nursing students to a series of matched medical and psychiatric case-examples were assessed before and after they received 9 weeks training in either a general hospital psychiatric unit or a geriatric unit. The major component in cluster analyses of construct ratings of case- descriptions by both groups before and after training was a factor of fear, or distrust, on which students differentiated clearly between medical and psychiatric cases, tending to expect the psychiatric patients to be more frightening, less likely to cooperate, more likely to be violent and dangerous and to need strict control. Psychiatric training, therefore, did not eliminate students' distrust of psychiatric patients. This highlights the importance, during training, of attending to issues of trust and responsibility, and the problems of fear and prejudice caused by psychiatric labels. The attitudes of permanent psychiatric staff are highly relevant in considering how students will be affected by psychiatric work experience. Some benefits of contact with psychiatric patients were found, and the implications of these are discussed. These benefits support the value of the training experience, overall, and it is suggested that students should work with psychiatric patients earlier in their course (in the first year). The scope of psychiatric training should be broadened and improved to make this a more attractive, worthwhile option.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1981

gamma-Aminobutyric acid receptors in brain postsynaptic densities.

Rat brain synaptic plasma membranes contain two receptorlike binding sites for the inhibitory transmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid. Postsynaptic junctional structures (postsynaptic densities) isolated from these membranes contain only the higher affinity site enriched more than sixfold compared to the membranes. The results provide the first direct evidence for the association of transmitter receptors with postsynaptic junctional sites in the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Glyceryl p-aminobenzoate patch testing in benzocaine-sensitive subjects.

Benzocaine-reactive patients were patch tested to two commercial sources of glyceryl p-aminobenzoate containing varying concentrations of benzocaine as a contaminant. Eleven of 20 reacted to the source with approximately 0.3% benzocaine; none reacted to the source with approximately 0.001% benzocaine.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1977

Adenovirus type 3 pneumonia causing lung damage in childhood.

An outbreak of adenovirus type 3 infection occurred in a hospital in 19 North American Indian infants and young children who were being treated for unrelated problems. Pneumonia occurred in 14 and was usually severe, with persistent signs of airway obstruction. Eleven of the 14 were followed periodically and complete medical reviews were conducted 8 to 10 years later. Ten had abnormal chest radiographs, and bronchography revealed bronchiectasis and minor airways changes in seven. In three cases there was clear evidence that these changes were directly related to the adenovirus type 3 infection. Pulmonary function studies showed a combination of restrictive and obstructive changes with minimal hypoxemia in most. Despite the presence of a persistent productive cough all were able to carry on a relatively normal life.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1975

Radionuclide uptake studies of bone: a quantitative method of evaluating the response of patients with Paget's disease to diphosphonate therapy.

In order to evaluate and quantitate the therapeutic efficacy of disodium etridonate (EHDP) in the treatment of Paget's disease, a prospective double-blind study was instituted. Subjects received either placebo, low-dose EHDP, or high-dose EHDP and were evaluated prior to therapy and 6 months later. Bone scans were performed with 99mTc or 18F and radioisotopic uptake studies were conducted. The results were correlated with clinical improvement, biochemical parameters, and radiographic skeletal surveys, and indicate that the radioisotopic uptake studies are both a sensitive and reproducible means of evaluating the degree of response to EHDP.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1973

A comparison of drug literature coverage by Index Medicus and Drug Literature Index.

We compared Index Medicus and Drug Literature Index during a search concerning the toxicity of eight drugs used in treating tropical diseases. Indexes covering the years 1969, 1970, and 1971 were searched. Index Medicus produced 198 citations and Drug Literature Index 309. There were seventy citations that appeared in both indexes, a duplication of 16%. Highest percentage of duplication for any one drug was 38.9%. We concluded that Index Medicus and Drug Literature Index provide complementary coverage in the area of drug toxicity and that, therefore, both tools should be consulted in searches of this nature.

Bibliographies as Topic↗