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Biomedical subjects

D White

Publications and source records attributed to D White.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Clinical evaluation of piperacillin.

28 patients with aerobic (7), anaerobic (7), and mixed (14) infections were treated with intravenous piperacillin for an average duration of 14 days. All bacterial isolates tested in this study were susceptible to piperacillin less than or equal to 128 micrograms/ml. 27 patients were treated with 20 g of piperacillin/day in four divided doses. 1 patient with renal failure received only 8 g/day. 26 patients were treated with piperacillin and two with Staphylococcus aureus infection received gentamicin in addition. The peak serum levels were 266 micrograms/ml at 1 h and the trough 16 micrograms/ml at 5 h. In all, 26 patients (93%) were 'cured', one had 'recurrence', and one 'failed'. Adverse effects were pruitus in two patients, transient elevation of LDH in one, and transient eosinophilia in another. In our preliminary study, piperacillin was found to be safe and effective in the treatment of clinical infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Action of cyclosporin A and cytimun on the survival time of accessory heart transplants (author's transl)].

The new immunosuppressive substances Cyclosporin A (group A = 15 mg) and Cytimun = ASTA 5122 (group B = 15 mg, group C = 5 mg) were tested in rats that received accessory cervical heart transplants. A syngeneic (DA leads to DA) and a strongly allogeneic (PVG leads to DA) strain combination served as controls of operative and immunogenetic parameters. Whereas Cyclosporin A (group A) brought about a local transplant tolerance in 90% of cases, at a dosage of 15 mg/kg per day (group B), Cytimun led in 88% of cases to lethal intoxication of the recipients. At a dosage of 5 mg/kg per day (group C), 67% of the animals survived; however, they showed electrocardiographic evidence of possible temporary rejection crises between the 5th and the 13th day.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Training for health and safety.

Section 2 of the Health & Safety at Work Etc Act 1974 imposes on an employer the duty to provide '. . . such information, instruction, training and supervision as is necessary to ensure . . . the health and safety at work of his employees.' Author looks at theoretical and practical aspects of safety training in the NHS.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1979

Glycoproteins and human cancer. 1. Circulating levels in cancer serum.

Total protein and sialic acid levels were determined in the supernatant of serum treated with perchloric acid. Patients with either localized or advanced metastatic malignancy have significantly elevated mean serum values. The highest levels occur in patients with lung, GI, GYN cancer, lymphoma and malignant melanoma. Patients with leukemia and multiple myeloma have slightly elevated values, but they were not significantly different from normal. Patients following curative surgery have normal values while patients in clinical remission following chemotherapy have elevated mean serum protein and NANA levels. Elevated values also occur in patients with benign tumors and 12% of patients with nonmalignant disease. Tumor cells appear to shed macromolecules which contribute to the observed elevation of serum protein and sialic acid levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A comparison of visual tilt illusions measured by the techniques of verticle setting, parallel matching, and dot alignment.

The tilt illusion (TI) was investigated by using both short (19 min) and long (2 deg 6 min) test lines, at three angles of test line-inducing line separation (15 degrees, 45 degrees, and 75 degrees). Three groups of ten observers each provided data under one of three task conditions: vertical judgment, parallel matching, and dot alignment on a common visual display. The main result was that both the vertical judgment and the parallel matching task provided similar, classic TI angular functions with the means ordered 15 degrees greater than 45 degrees greater than 75 degrees and with small attraction effects at 75 degrees in three of the four relevant functions. The third task, dot alignment, yielded results different from the average of the other two: no attraction effects occurred and, with the short test line, the obtained mean illusion at 45 degrees exceeded those at the other intersect angles. These results are consistent with alignment data reported by others. One explanation is that the inducing line produces an apparent bowing of the test line which would be reflected in dot alignments but not in vertical setting or in parallel matching. However, direct evidence does not support this hypothesis. An alternate hypothesis, for which independent evidence exists, is that alignment errors reflect perceptual mistracking but that the origin of these errors is not the tip of the test line but within it. Although this does not explain dot alignment errors, it highlights their complexity and the need to interpret them with caution.

Form Perception↗
PubMed1979

Angle-matching illusions and perceived line orientation.

Spatial illusions which occur in angle-matching tasks were examined in six experiments using two different kinds of display. In experiments 1 and 2 illusory errors generally were in the direction predicted by Lennie's hypothesis which states that angle arms are attracted perceptually towards the oblique axes of space, although the display used in these experiments differed from Lennie's. However, experiment 3 showed that these errors might equally be explained by the addition of interactive effects between angle arms (tilt illusions). Parametric investigation of Lennie's figures (experiments 4 and 5) showed that thelargest angular illusion occurred with the largest angle used (45 degrees) and an intermediate line length (2 deg 7 min). These angular illusions were not explicable by the addition of tilt illusions (experiment 6), suggesting that different judgmental processes may underlie orientation and angle estimation.

Discrimination Learning↗
PubMed1979

Phase II trial of cyclophosphamide, hexamethylmelamine, adriamycin, and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) combination chemotherapy in advanced ovarian carcinoma.

A monthly four-drug regimen of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II), each given iv of Day 1, and hexamethylmelamine, given orally on Days 1--14 (CHAP), was administered to 39 women with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma who had previously failed alkylating agent therapy. Of 35 evaluable patients with a measurable disease parameter, seven (20%) achieved a clinical complete response and ten (29%) achieved a clinical partial response. The median duration of complete response is greater than 9 months and the median duration of partial response is 4 months. Ninety percent of the patients required dose adjustments because of profound leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or gastrointestinal intolerance. CHAP is an active but toxic regimen in the management of advanced ovarian cancer. The toxicity encountered reflected the intensity of the drug schedule as well as the combined influences of advanced stage of disease, poor nutritional and performance status, and prior therapy. The efficacy of this CHAP regimen warrants a controlled trial compared to other active drug programs.

Alkylating Agents↗