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Biomedical subjects

D Weitzel

Publications and source records attributed to D Weitzel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Ultrasound screening of the infant hip].

The sonographic screening of the hip has led to a marked decrease in treatment of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (ddh) as inpatients. The prognosis for this disorder has greatly improved in the past few years due to early diagnosis and correspondingly early beginning of therapy, in many cases by using simple therapeutic methods. This undisputed success has been achieved with a high treatment rate in comparison with international practice (6.4%). The expectancy of reducing the number of checks, and thus costs, by deciding on the 4th to 6th week of life as the time for screening has not been met.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1997

[Prevalence of gallstones in the neonatal period].

AIM: To assess the prevalence of gallstones in normal neonates. METHOD: We used sonography to assess the gallbladder in 3500 unselected infants between 1993 and 1995. Examination was performed during the first four days of life as part of a prospective neonatal screening study evaluating hip and renal abnormalities. RESULTS: We found sludge or gallstones in 19 children (0.5%). In 4 of 11 patients followed for up to 18 months, the gallstones persisted. In 3 of the cases, there was a family history of gallstones. None of the children had signs of cholestasis. Three were treated with ursodesoxycholic acid 15-20 mg/kg (per day): only one responded. CONCLUSION: About 0.5% of neonates have gallstones or gall bladder sludge; this is a higher percentage than previously thought. In one-third of the patients who were followed, the gallstones remained. Persistence was more likely in those with a positive family history for gallstones.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1994

[Comparative studies of the use of linear array, curved array and sector technique in sonography of the infant hip].

In an experimental study, the sonographic speed in the hyaline cartilage of the hip of the newborn is measured. With 1549 m/s it lies in the intermediate range of the equipment's pre-set calculation basis. By comparing large groups the study shows that the accuracy of the measurements of the angle alpha is independent of the technology used in the production of the hip sonogram. On the other hand, the image scale has a clear influence. The image scale of 1:1 is inadequate for a reliable repeated cross-sectional presentation and for measurements. The study shows that there are no statistically demonstrable differences when measuring hip sonograms regardless of whether they have been produced using linear array or sector scanning. This is shown both by repeated presentation of the respective cross-section by one and the same researcher and by measurement of identical sonograms by different researchers.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1988

[Ultrasound imaging of the bile ducts and assessment of gallbladder kinetics in healthy newborn infants].

The gallbladder and the biliary tract of 85 neonates were sonographically examined, in the fasting state. The gallbladder was detectable in all neonates and showed a measurable contraction. Two types of biliary contraction could be observed: a concentric contraction of length, depth and width (concentric type) or a contraction of depth and width (collapse type). The grade of postprandial contraction was independent of the level of serum bilirubin. Furthermore, sonographic criteria were established allowing the differentiation of the bile ducts and their discrimination from hepatic arteries.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMed1987

Clinical heterogeneity in infantile galactosialidosis.

A new case of infantile galactosialidosis is presented. The condition was diagnosed when the patient was 4 months of age and she died at 20 months. She exhibited some of the symptoms of classical infantile galactosialidosis but no corneal clouding, cherry-red macular spot or limitation of joint mobility. Sonographic examination showed large kidneys and thickened cardiac septa, two symptoms as yet undescribed in this disorder. Urinary oligosaccharide analysis gave grossly pathological results and subsequent fibroblast enzyme analysis showed a deficiency of alpha-neuraminidase and beta-galactosidase. The patient's clinical features are compared with the few cases so far described in the literature.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Sonographic determination of the normal kidney volume in newborn infants and infants].

The kidneys of 211 infants (106 males, 105 females) were measured sonographically. Renal length, width and depth and the calculated kidney volume were correlated to body weight, body length and body surface. It was possible to establish a nomogram, which presented a good correlation between body weight and kidney volume and which can easily be used for routine ultrasound examination. In another prospective study the kidney volumes of 82 young infants were within the normal range of this nomogram.

Biometry↗
PubMed1985

Sonographic biometry in obstructive uropathy of children: preoperative diagnosis and postoperative monitoring.

Renal sonography was performed in 92 children with obstructive uropathy or vesicoureteral reflux preoperatively and at follow-up. Renal volume and the anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis proved to be the most reliable morphometric criteria for objective sonographic staging and follow-up of urinary tract obstruction. If transient obstruction occurred after uncomplicated antireflux ureterovesico-plasties (n = 41), it lasted at most 4 weeks. Kidneys with transient postoperative ureterovesical junction obstruction (n = 21) reverted to normal sonographic pattern within 4 weeks following ureteral reimplantation. In cases of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (n = 30), it took up to 6 months for the majority of kidneys to present almost normal sonographic findings. Sonographic biometry and the knowledge about the uncomplicated postoperative course render postsurgical monitoring easier and more reliable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Prenatal diagnosis of neuroblastoma by sonography.

Herein we report the first case in the literature in which a neuroblastoma in a fetus was recognized before birth and its growth could be observed. The diagnosis was made by ultrasonography. Other helpful diagnostic procedures in prenatal diagnosis are: determination of catecholamines, sonographic examination of the placenta, and search for metastases. As more and more centers perform ultrasound examinations routinely in pregnancy, similar findings such as fetal tumors or congenital malformations are to be expected more frequently.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Sonographic screening of newborn infants].

527 consecutive births were screened by real time ultrasound for detecting malformations of the brain, the heart, kidneys, hips and abdominal organs. Sonography was performed during the first day of life together with the clinical examination. 18 major malformations were found. In 8 of these patients (45%), the malformation could not be diagnosed by clinical examination alone. Only 2 of those neonates were assumed to develop clinical symptoms the following days. The rate of incidence of renal malformations proven by this single ultrasound examination was 7 times higher than normally detected by the preventive clinical screening programme within the first four years.

Brain↗
PubMed1983

Sonographic biometry of liver and spleen size in childhood.

In 194 healthy children of all ages, sonographic measurements of the liver and spleen were performed on standardized section planes and normal values established. These measurement values showed an approximately linear increase in the course of development and correlated best with the body length. For a rapid orientational evaluation of the liver size, sonographic nomograms of the individual measurements were developed. The spleen size was determined by volume calculation. On the basis of an index of liver size, which was calculated from the individual measurements, a diagram for simultaneous determination of liver and spleen size could be developed. These nomograms permit objective morphometry of size changes in the two organs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Pediatric sonography].

Sonography has become the most important basic imaging method in pediatrics. It mainly differs from sonography in adults in having more unspecific causes for examination, other facets of application, and a wider range of applicability including newborns and infants. Sonography should precede x-ray examination, since its findings must determine the need for and the timing and type of x-ray examinations. The wide range of application justifies a distinction between general and special pediatric sonography. This distinction seems to be particularly relevant with regard to the requirements for optimal technical equipment.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1983

Sonographic diagnosis of intussusception in childhood.

The diagnosis of intussusception was established in 26 children by sonography alone. In 23 cases barium enema confirmed the diagnosis; two cases because of longstanding intussusception and one case after intestinal anastomosis were confirmed by surgery alone; in two additional cases barium enema ruled out the sonographically suspected intussusception. No positive finding was missed by sonography, which proved to be an accurate method for the diagnosis of intussusception. The sonographic findings of idiopathic intussusception and intussusception caused by lymphosarcoma are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Accessory pancreatic cyst located in the mesocolon in a child (author's transl)].

Case reports of a 1.5-year-old child who had a cyst in the mesocolon ascendens arising from ectopic pancreatic tissue. It is the third case of an accessory pancreatic cyst and at the same time, the first case in which the cyst in the mesocolon ascends has been found in early childhood. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and symptomatology are discussed.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1980

[Ultrasonic examinations of Wilms' tumors stage II-V during preoperative therapy (author's transl)].

Ultrasonic examinations were performed at weekly intervals in 8 patients with Wilms tumors Stage II-V during the period of preoperative therapy. Measurements of the maximum expansion of the tumors were made and expressed in an ellipsoid formula. The tumor volume was thus calculated. A description of the compactness of the tumor as well as the bordering of the tumor were done. This was followed by a photographic documentation. The mean value of the initial tumor volume in the 8 patients was 551 ml. At the end of the preoperative therapy, an average volume of 305,1 ml was recorded. One week after beginning the therapy, 25-40% diminution of the initial tumor volume was noted in 5 patients. The diminution in volume till tumor extirpation was in all 49%. In 3 patients, the reduction of tumor mass through therapy was only 27,8%. The histological examinations revealed a fetal rhabdomyomatic nephroblastoma in one case. The second case was massive tumor haemorrhage and in the third case a considerable formation of cysts.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1980

[Diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency with fluorescein dilaurate in patients with cystic fibrosis (author's transl)].

The tubeless pancreas-function test with fluorescein dilaurate, which is based on the saponification of the test substance by pancreas-specific arylesterases, and which has proved itself in adults, was given to children for the first time. After reduction of the size of the test dose and the amount of liquid to be drunk, there were no difficulties in carrying out the test. Elimination of the fluorescein released from the flourescein dilaurate and excreted via the kidneys was clearly less in patients with cystic fibrosis than in normal subjects. Thus, the test in its modified form for children can provide adequate differentiation between normal and pathological pancreas function.

Adolescent↗