Biomedical subjects

D Weishaupt

Publications and source records attributed to D Weishaupt.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Fatty degeneration of the muscles of the rotator cuff: assessment by computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging.

Forty-one patients scheduled for shoulder surgery underwent computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of their affected shoulder to verify whether fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff muscles could reproducibly be assessed by CT or by MRI and whether the grading with the 2 methods was comparable. In addition, rotator cuff muscle cross-sectional areas were measured on parasagittal MRI scans to establish a possible correlation between rotator cuff muscle atrophy and fatty degeneration. Interobserver reproducibility for grading fatty degeneration was good to excellent for CT and for MRI. The correlation between MRI and CT was fair to moderate and remained unsatisfactory, even if the classification system was simplified with only a 3- rather than a 5-grade scale as originally proposed. The degree of fatty degeneration was significantly related to the amount of atrophy of the respective muscles.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary anterior shoulder dislocation and rotator cuff tears.

In a prospective controlled study 167 patients with 167 primary traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations underwent early ultrasonograpic evaluation for rotator cuff tears. We found 53 (31.7%) full-thickness cuff tears in this group. Compared with a group of 93 healthy volunteers, we found with statistical significance more cuff tears in the patients aged < 60 years. Women ruptured the cuff more often than men. If the patient is not able to elevate the affected arm more than 90 degrees in the scapular plane 2 weeks after the dislocation, there should be a high suspicion of rotator cuff tear (76.7%). For early detection of relevant rotator cuff lesions, we recommend shoulder ultrasonographic examination and measurement of active elevation after each traumatic shoulder dislocation in the above mentioned age group.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Relationships of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar bone mineral density by quantitative CT.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to compare, using quantitative CT (QCT), vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine in healthy volunteers. METHOD: QCT of the vertebral bodies of C2, C5, T12, and L4 was performed on 50 healthy volunteers (25 women, 25 men; mean age 31.7 years). Trabecular BMD analysis was performed at each level. RESULTS: Mean BMDs (mg/cm3 calcium hydroxyapatite) for women and men were highest at C5 (BMD women/men 341.6/300.6 mg/cm3) and C2 (297.2/269.6 mg/cm3) and lowest at T12 (193.1/184.9 mg/cm3) and L4 (186.2/180.1 mg/cm3). The BMD of C2 was statistically significantly different from that of C5, T12, and L4 (p < 0.0001) for both genders. Also, the BMD of C5 differed significantly from that of T12 and L4 (p < 0.0001). The BMD of C5 showed significant gender differences (p = 0.002). Correlation coefficient showed a strong correlation between the BMD of T12 and L4 for both genders (women, r = 0.67; men, r = 0.90). CONCLUSION: Trabecular BMD of C2 and C5 measured by QCT is significantly higher than trabecular BMD of T12 and L4 in nonosteoporotic volunteers of both genders.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Temporal behavior of intraarticular gadolinium.

PURPOSE: As imaging delays during MR arthrography can result in suboptimal studies and potential pitfalls in diagnosis, we sought to evaluate the temporal behavior of intraarticular Gd-DTPA. METHOD: We prospectively studied four shoulders, four knees, and four hips. Two of each group received either an intraarticular injection of 3 mmol/L Gd-DTPA and iodinated contrast medium or 2 mmol/L Gd-DTPA and 0.9% saline. We measured contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and joint distention on serial T1-weighted sequences. Retrospectively, we measured CNR and imaging delays in 31 MR arthrography patients (20 shoulders, 7 knees, and 4 hips). RESULTS: In the shoulder, maximal CNR and joint distention occurred at 15 min. CNR decreased 53% by 1 h. In the knee, maximal distention occurred at 1 h, whereas CNR peaked at 2.75 h and then declined 20 and 86% by 3.5 and 6.25 h, respectively. In the hip, peak CNR and distention occurred at 0.5 h. CNR declined 53% by 2 h. Both contrast mixtures yielded similar results. CONCLUSION: MR arthrography may tolerate imaging delays of 1 h for the shoulder, 2 h for the hip, and 3.5 h for the knee.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Partial interosseous ligament tears of the wrist: difficulty in utilizing either primary or secondary MRI signs.

PURPOSE: Prior reports on scapholunate ligament (SLL) and lunotriquetral ligament (LTL) tears have evaluated complete tears. As these complete tears have markedly different biomechanical manifestations and surgical considerations than do partial tears, we evaluated the accuracy of MR and the usefulness of secondary MR signs to diagnose partial interosseous ligament tears. METHOD: Fifty wrists in 50 patients underwent arthroscopy following 1.5 T MR. Images were evaluated by two independent blinded observers for normal or partially torn SLL and LTL and for three secondary signs potentially seen as mechanical sequelae of tears: osseous offset, arc disruption, or focal osteoarthritis. RESULTS: Arthroscopically, there were 16 SLL and 14 LTL partial tears. Accuracy of primary MR signs of partial tears was lower than that described in the literature for complete tears [sensitivity/specificity (kappa) = 0.56/0.56 (0.12)-SLL, 0.31/0.76 (0.13)-LTL]. Secondary signs showed low sensitivity but high specificity, particularly for LTL tears: arc disruption [0.17/0.83 (0.43)-SLL, 0.0/1.00 (1.0)- LTL], focal osteoarthritis [0.32/0.78 (0.18)-SLL, 0.11/0.91 (0.12)-LTL], and focal osseous offset [0.39/0.75 (0.10)-SLL, 0.26/0.93 (0.39)-LTL]. Additionally, there was poor interobserver consistency for both primary and secondary signs. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of morphologic evaluation for diagnosing partial intercarpal ligament tears, particularly those of the LTL, is limited. Secondary signs increase specificity but have low sensitivity, and with the exception of arc disruption, all signs had poor interobserver agreement.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Injuries to the distal gastrocnemius muscle: MR findings.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the MR findings of injuries to the distal gastrocnemius muscle. METHOD: Twenty patients with clinically confirmed injuries to the distal gastrocnemius muscle underwent MRI. The injuries were evaluated with regard to abnormal morphology or signal abnormality, site, and degree of tearing. RESULTS: Twenty-three injuries to the distal gastrocnemius occurred in 20 patients, with involvement of the myotendinous junction in 22 of 23 (96%) injuries. An interstitial tear of the proximal Achilles tendon was present in one instance. Myotendinous strains were the most common injuries (10/23; 43%); partial tears (7/23; 30%) and complete tears (5/23; 22%) of the myotendinous junction or proximal Achilles tendon were less frequent. When an injury to the gastrocnemius myotendinous junction was present, involvement of the medial head (19/22; 86%) was more frequent than involvement of the lateral head (3/22; 14%). CONCLUSION: MRI allows accurate imaging of distal gastrocnemius muscle injuries. When occurring, distal gastrocnemius muscle injuries most frequently involve the myotendinous junction of the medial gastrocnemius head and occasionally the lateral gastrocnemius head or the proximal Achilles tendon.

Achilles Tendon↗