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Biomedical subjects

D Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to D Wagner.

268 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Concentration of ciprofloxacin in bone tissue after single parenteral administration to patients older than 70 years.

The concentrations of ciprofloxacin produced in bone, cartilage and menisci after a single administration of 200 mg were determined at different intervals in a group of patients with an average age of 80 years. Concentrations of 0.11 to 0.94 mg/kg bone tissue were measured after 0.5 to 5 hours. In the cartilage a concentration of active substance was measureable only once (4.18 mg/kg). In the presence of marked circulatory disorders the active substance concentrations reached in the bone were above those found in the seriously damaged muscle. Although the concentrations reached in the bone are effective, no risk should be taken in osteomyelitis. Ciprofloxacin should therefore be used at high dosage and possibly be combined with another substance. Given for therapeutic purposes, a single dose of ciprofloxacin is naturally not effective enough, and given for prophylactic purposes, not safe enough to prevent a post-traumatic osteitis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of dietary (n-3)-polyunsaturated fatty acids on leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 synthesis and course of experimental tuberculosis in guinea pigs.

In the present study eicosanoid synthesis was studied in macrophages of guinea pigs fed different amounts of (n-6)- and (n-3)-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Three groups of weanling guinea pigs were fed by isocaloric diets differing only in their contents of PUFA: controls with 2.8 Cal% of linoleic acid (LA; 18:2(n-6)); (n-6)-rich fed animals with 15.4 Cal% of LA; and (n-3)-rich fed animals with 10.1 Cal% of LA, 1.4 Cal% of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5(n-3)) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n-3)). After 13 weeks half the number of animals from each group was infected i.m. by 180 colony forming units of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv. Seven weeks after infection the release of leukotriene (LT)B4 and prostaglandin (PG)E2 was quantified in calcium ionophore stimulated whole blood, peritoneal macrophage cultures and alveolar macrophages by immunoassays after high performance liquid chromatography. Synthesis of LTB4 and PGE2 was found to be reduced in (n-3)-rich fed guinea pigs (p < 0.05), and equivalent between controls and (n-6)-rich fed animals. Controls and (n-6)-rich fed animals showed the same mycobacterial counts in the spleen whereas (n-3)-rich fed guinea pigs demonstrated an increased number of mycobacteria (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that an increased dietary intake of (n-3)-PUFA suppress LTB4 and PGE2 synthesis. The increased number of M. tuberculosis found in the spleens of (n-3)-rich fed animals could represent persistence of the experimental infection. It may be speculated that a functional relationship exists between the two findings.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Microalbuminuria in children and adolescents with and without Type-I diabetes mellitus (IDDM)].

In 73 healthy (group I) and 32 children and juveniles with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, group II) urinary albumin excretion is determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). In both groups albumin excretion is observed in every urine sample when measured by RIA (mean +/- SD: group I: 7-19 h: 5.17 +/- 5.28 mg, 19-7 h: 3.86 +/- 4.00 mg, 24 h: 9.03 +/- 8.60 mg; group II: 7-19 h: 6.68 +/- 6.86 mg, 19-7 h: 3.46 +/- 2.82 mg, 24 h: 10.13 +/- 9.25 mg). No significant difference is detected between the values of the two groups. However in diabetic patients a significant difference is observed between diurnal and nocturnal urinary albumin excretion. Microalbuminuria is defined as an albumin excretion above 30 mg/d and is present in 6.9% of the values in group I and in 3.1% in group II. The physiological limits of microalbuminuria in children and juveniles compared to adults and several methods of urine sampling are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative determination of microalbuminuria using radioimmunoassay and kinetic nephelometry in children and adolescent with and without Type-I diabetes mellitus (IDDM)].

In 73 healthy (group I) and 32 children and juveniles with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, group II) urinary albumin excretion is determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and kinetic nephelometry. Intention of the study is to examine, if the kinetic nephelometry is--as observed in adults--a suitable method also in children and juveniles to detect microalbuminuria (greater than 30 mg/d). In both groups albumin excretion is observed in every urine sample when measured by RIA. Because of it's higher threshold kinetic nephelometry detects albumin excretion only in a part of the urine samples. The correlation between the two methods is very high (r = 0.905, p less than 0.001, n = 174). So kinetic nephelometry is not suitable to determine reference values. But as a faster and possibly more specific method than RIA nephelometry is a very effective way for a screening of microalbuminuria also in children and juveniles.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The interesting case report: spinal infarct with the picture of lumbar ischialgia].

The case we present here is that of a fifty-year-old male patient who first came to the Orthopedic Hospital for out-patient treatment suffering from symptoms of lumboischialgia. Shortly afterwards, he developed symptoms characteristic of paraplegia. It was only 21 days after the initial symptoms had manifest themselves that the tentative previous diagnosis, suspected "spinal infarct", could be confirmed by magnetic resonance tomography (MRT). Possibilities offered by differential diagnosis are discussed; the discussion is followed by an enumeration of this highly heterogeneous group of illnesses.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of six activated partial thromboplastin time reagents: intrinsic system factors' sensitivity and responsiveness.

Six activated partial thromboplastin reagents from four manufacturers were evaluated for precision, sensitivity, and dose responsiveness to Factors VIII, IX, and XII. Normal and abnormal APTT samples were prepared. Precision was assessed using 10 replicates on three consecutive days. Factor sensitivity and responsiveness were measured using a log-log curve of percent activity versus the upper limit of normal of prepared samples. All reagents had acceptable precision (C.V. less than 5%) in the normal range, but three performed unacceptably in the abnormal range. Two of the reagents were determined to be too sensitive to certain factors, giving an abnormal APTT result when the factor activity was in the normal range. Sensitivity and dose responsiveness to factors should be considered as two separate characteristics of an APTT reagent.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytophotometric studies in suspicious cervical smears.

Papanicolaou stained smears of various cervical lesions diagnosed as "suspicious" by routine cytology were reviewed with regard to different cell types leading to this diagnosis. The smears were then submitted to Feulgen hydrolysis and redyed by Acriflavin-SO2 for fluorescence-cytophotometry. In nine of 14 cases measured, the DNA content of all types of "suspicious" cells was increased with DNA modes at euploid levels of 2 n, 4 n and 8 n indicating that the "suspicious" cells in those cases are polyploid. However, in five cases aneuploid DNA-distribution patterns were found similar to those observed in carcinoma in situ or severe dysplasia. Since polyploidization may be considered as a cellular response to higher functional requirement (i.e. inflammation or regeneration) a "suspicious" cervical smear with a polyploid DNA-distribution pattern may reverse to normal cervical epithelium after normal conditions are restored. However, a "suspicious" smear with an aneuploid DNA-distribution pattern should be considered more seriously as being related to a precancerous lesion requiring immediate surgical treatment.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circulation and migration in third world settings: a comparison in Ecuador.

This study is concerned with circulation, defined as temporary and repetitive migration that lacks any declared intention of a permanent or long-lasting change in residence. "The first section of the paper reviews pertinent circulation literature. Attention then turns to describing circulation and migration patterns in Ecuador, and identifying relationships between these patterns and regional differentials in economic development, both through cartographic and statistical analyses. A summary and conclusions comprise the last section."

Americas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical evaluation of the EA-rosette test in the early detection of cervical cancer.

It was previously found that a negative EA-rosette test, showing EA-rosette-forming cells in a cervical cell suspension, excluded the presence of cells of invasive carcinoma (predictive value of 99.9%). This study on 2,462 patients confirmed the applicability of the EA-rosette test in screening for precancerous as well as cancerous lesions. In 98.6% of the cases of dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma, the cervical cell suspensions contained EA-rosette forming cells (the rosette test was positive). With a negative EA-rosette test, the probability of missing a specimen with class III cytology (mild/moderate dysplasia) was 1.4%, of missing one with class IV cytology (severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ) was 0.8% and of missing one with class V cytology (invasive carcinoma) was 0.25%. The predictive value of a negative EA-rosette test was 98.6%. The false-negative rate for negative EA-rosette tests was 3.7% for invasive carcinoma, 17.5% for carcinoma in situ and severe dysplasia and 41.4% for mild to moderate dysplasia.

Carcinoma in Situ↗