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Biomedical subjects

D W Young

Publications and source records attributed to D W Young.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Ownership conversions in health care organizations: who should benefit?

Because equity capital is becoming an important financing source for health care organizations, the conversion of many such organizations from nonprofit to for-profit status is a significant public policy issue. Since many states require converting nonprofits to repay the "community" for its investment during the nonprofit status period, three questions arise: (1) How much is the entity worth? (2) How much of that worth should be returned to the community? (3) In what form should it be returned? The paper addresses these questions, and demonstrates why responsible public policy calls for them to be carefully considered if community interests are to be preserved.

Health Facility Planning↗
PubMed1986

Resource planning and control in health care.

Properly designed and administered, this three-part program has the potential both to plan effectively for the use of resources and to control the underlying forces that drive health care expenditures. Through the media of spreadsheet and data base technology, the program has the capacity to analyze and present the data necessary to more effectively plan and control the delivery of health care services in an attempt to assure universal access to quality care at a reasonable cost. And through its reliance on a series of meaningful professional sanctions, including financial rewards and penalties, the program has the potential to create more orderly and cost-effective behaviour in the delivery of health care--an assurance that reality will more closely approximate planning objectives than it has in the past.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1985

Endocrine responses of healthy parrots to ACTH and thyroid stimulating hormone.

Effects of exogenous ACTH on plasma corticosterone and cortisol concentrations and the effects of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on plasma triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were determined in the following 3 species of parrots: red-lored Amazon (group 1), blue-fronted Amazon (group 2), and African gray (group 3). Each bird was given ACTH (0.125 mg/bird) IM, except for 3 to 4 birds in each group, which were given saline solution (controls). Blood samples were collected before and 90 minutes after ACTH stimulation. In group 1 (n = 12), mean plasma corticosterone concentrations increased significantly (P less than 0.001) from 1.06 microgram/dl (before ACTH) to 4.89 micrograms/dl (after ACTH); mean corticosterone concentrations increased in the control birds from 1.06 microgram/dl to 1.84 microgram/dl; and mean cortisol concentrations increased only slightly from 0.228 microgram/dl to 0.266 microgram/dl. In group 2 (n = 12), mean corticosterone concentrations increased significantly (P less than 0.001) from 2.09 micrograms/dl to 10.58 micrograms/dl; control mean corticosterone concentrations decreased slightly from 2.09 micrograms/dl to 1.77 microgram/dl; and mean cortisol concentrations increased from less than or equal to 0.16 microgram/dl to 0.266 microgram/dl. In group 3 (n = 12), mean plasma corticosterone concentrations increased significantly (P less than or equal to 0.001) from 2.33 micrograms/dl to 4.67 micrograms/dl; mean control plasma corticosterone concentrations decreased from 2.33 micrograms/dl to 1.68 microgram/dl; and plasma corticol concentrations were not detectable. Each bird was given TSH, IM (1 U/bird). Blood samples were collected before and 6 hours after TSH administration. Saline solution was not administered as controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1985

Effect of ACTH on plasma corticosterone and cortisol in eagles and condors.

The effect of ACTH on plasma corticosterone and cortisol was determined in 12 eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and in 6 Andean condors (Vultur gryphus). In all raptors, the concentration of plasma corticosterone was substantially greater than that of cortisol. After ACTH administration, the eagles had a marked increase (P less than 0.001) in plasma corticosterone concentrations, but not in plasma cortisol. Administration of saline solution did not induce increased plasma corticosterone concentrations in the eagles. The condors had a smaller increase (P less than 0.002) in plasma corticosterone concentrations after ACTH administration, as compared with that of the eagles. However, administration of saline solution in 2 condors resulted in an increase in corticosterone similar to the increase after ACTH administration. In the condor, a stress-related release of endogenous ACTH may have an effect similar to that induced by exogenously administered ACTH. Plasma cortisol concentrations did not increase significantly after administration of ACTH or saline solution in either raptor species.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1985

The use of BELD combination chemotherapy (bleomycin, vindesine, CCNU, and DTIC) in advanced malignant melanoma.

Twenty-one patients with Stage III malignant melanoma have been treated with a 5-day quadruple chemotherapy regime (BELD) comprising bleomycin 15 mg subcutaneously on days 1 and 4, vindesine (Eldesine) 3 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 and 5, CCNU (lomusine) 80 mg/m2 orally on day 1, and DTIC 200 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 through 5. Twenty patients were evaluated after two cycles. Three (15%) are in complete remission 12, 16, and 53 weeks after therapy, respectively, and six (30%) experienced worthwhile partial remissions. This combined response rate of 45% is considerably better than that seen in single- or dual-agent chemotherapy. Toxicity was acceptable, and several patients received their therapy on an outpatient (ambulatory) basis. The one nonevaluable patient had radiotherapy for an isolated spinal metastasis and two courses of BELD. She is well and pain- and disease-free 56 weeks later. The median survival for all treated patients is 43 weeks, and the median follow-up time is now 63 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Community coping skills enhanced by an adventure camp for adult chronic psychiatric patients.

The effect of a two-week wilderness camp on ten skill areas related to community survival of the chronic mentally ill was assessed both by participants, who were adult chronic psychiatric patients from two Oregon state mental hospitals, and by camp and hospital staff. Compared with 30 controls, the 48 participants improved on seven of the ten areas by the end of camp and maintained their improvements in four of the seven areas for several weeks following their return to the hospital. Although discharge and recidivism rates for participants and controls did not differ at six-month follow-up, participants spent a greater proportion of time in the community than did controls. The authors discuss the specific skills improved by the program and those that contributed to duration of community survival, as well as the program's cost-effectiveness.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Out-patient letters: requirement and contents.

Twenty-five general practitioners were interviewed about the contents of out-patient letters. There was universal agreement on the need for the following information: diagnosis, abnormal physical findings, abnormal routine and non-routine test results, changes in treatment, comments on the patient's physical condition and disposal. The contents of 215 out-patient letters were analysed and the results compared with the GPs' views. There was little difference in the letters from medical and surgical clinics. Both were deficient to a limited extent in the reporting of abnormal test results, the reasons for, and significance of investigations, and in detailing the information given to patients.

Computers↗
PubMed1985

Abnormal canine triiodothyronine-binding factor characterized as a possible triiodothyronine autoantibody.

Of more than 6,000 canine serum samples submitted to the Endocrine Diagnostic Laboratory of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Ala, for thyroid evaluation in 1983, 18 contained an abnormal triiodothyronine (T3)-binding factor (T3BF). These samples were easily distinguished from non-T3BF containing samples because the factor interfered with the radioimmunoassay for total T3 resulting in a profound increase in apparent values for T3 concentration. Most of the T3BF-containing samples did not have unusual thyroxine binding or inappropriate thyroxine concentrations. Triiodothyronine binding in samples containing T3BF was inhibited by addition of exogenous T3 and was, with one exception, not affected by the addition of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS). Apparent affinity constants determined by Scatchard analysis were considerably greater than those of circulating T3-binding proteins found in human beings, but were similar to values obtained for human T3 autoantibodies. After the addition and incubation of [125I] T3 with T3BF-containing samples, a large fraction of the radioactivity bound by T3BF could be precipitated by the addition of goat antibody to dog immunoglobulin G. Additional observations that the binding was insensitive to inhibition by ANS, was resistant to heat inactivation, and had a high apparent affinity constant for T3 were consistent with the idea that the factor was an autoantibody to T3.

Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates↗
PubMed1985

Pellet-gun eye injuries.

Twelve male patients with pellet-gun eye injuries are presented. Most were young teenagers. Six patients had a significant loss of vision due to retinal injury, and in one of these cases the eye was enucleated. The injuries ranged in severity from contusion with a small hyphema to rupture of the globe with uveal prolapse, retinal hemorrhage and detachment, optic nerve contusion, glaucoma and intracranial penetration.

Adolescent↗