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Biomedical subjects

D W Piper

Publications and source records attributed to D W Piper.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The location of chronic gastric ulcer: a study of the relevance of ulcer size, age, sex, alcohol, analgesic intake and smoking.

Ulcer size, age, sex, alcohol and analgesic intake and cigarette consumption were studied in relation to the site of the ulcer in 215 patients with chronic gastric ulcer, of whom 96 were initial and 115 recurrent ulcers. Ulcer site was classified into upper (U), middle (M) and lower (L) thirds of the stomach, on X-ray films of air-contrast barium studies. The ulcers were situated in the upper third in 37 patients (17%), middle third in 90 patients (42%) and lower third in 88 patients (41%), i.e., significantly more in M and L compared to U (p less than 0.001). 135 ulcers were on the lesser curve (63%) with more in L and M compared to U (p less than 0.0005). Posterior wall ulcers accounted for 29.3%. Ulcers were smallest in L (mean 28.8 mm2) compared to those in M (mean 66.1 mm2) and U (mean 64.4 mm2) (p less than 0.001). Mean size overall was 49.0 mm. The mean age of the patients was 58.8 years with no significant differences in age between U, M and L (p greater than 0.9). The M/F ratio in the whole series was 0.6 which varied with ulcer site, being 0.3 in U (differing significantly from the whole series, p less than 0.05), 0.4 in M and 1.2 in L (significantly different from the whole series, p less than 0.01) and from U (p less than 0.01). Initial ulcers did not differ from recurrent ulcers except in women where initial ulcers were more common in M and L, whereas recurrent ulcers were more commin in U. The independent variables, namely, alcohol and analgesics (with the exception of smoking), were not determinants of ulcer site, size or position once the patients were segregated by sex. In men only, there were interactions between L and lesser curve site (p less than 0.004) and L and smoking (p less than 0.03).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

The healing rate of chronic gastric ulcer in patients admitted to hospital.

A study was made of the effect of age, sex, ulcer size, bed rest, carbenoxolone sodium and anticholinergic drug therapy, and advice to cease smoking on the healing rate of chronic gastric ulcer determined radiologically over 21 days in a factorially designed experiment in 54 patients admitted to hospital. It was found that carbenoxolone sodium, anticholinergic drug therapy, bed rest in hospital, and advice to cease smoking did not accelerate ulcer healing. Age and ulcer size had a slight effect on ulcer healing, the larger ulcers and those in older patients healing more slowly. The results can be explained by the hypothesis that chronic ulcers heal at a maximal rate after hospital admission and other factors that alone may have a beneficial effect in hospitalized patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Chronic duodenal ulcer and depression.

The aim of the study was to determine whether duodenal ulcer is associated with depression. Forty-three patients with endoscopically proven symptomatic ulcers were compared with 43 control persons matched for age, sex, and social class. Depression was assessed by the Beck Inventory. Duodenal ulcer patients had a higher mean score than controls, and this difference was probably due to the possession of a chronic disease rather than typical duodenal ulcer. Only one patient showed moderate depression, and none were severely depressed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Chronic gastric ulcer and life events.

The purpose of this study was to define the frequency of stress preceding or during the course of chronic gastric ulcer (CGU). Stress was measured by the occurrence of 62 selected life events over 2 yr in two groups of CGU patients. One group (A) was studied for events during the 2 yr before their diagnosis (147 patients) and the second group (B) was studied for events occurring after diagnosis (73 patients). The ulcer groups were compared with community controls matched for age, sex, and social grade. Groups A and B did not differ in any significant way in their reported life events, indicating no temporal relationship between stressful life events and CGU. The combined ulcer groups, when compared with controls showed no differences in the number of events experienced or the associated scores for change and distress caused by the events. There was no difference in the order of the three most frequent events. Only the event "minor illness" was more frequent in controls on matched pairs analysis (P less than 0.05). The other 61 events showed no differences. When events were grouped into areas of activity, financial and legal events were reported by 38 patients and 23 controls (P less than 0.05). Significantly, few of these 38 patients were in the 60+ age range (P less than 0.02). Twenty-four patients reported no events, compared to 12 controls (P less than 0.05). Although there is no difference in the life events experienced by CGU patients and their controls, this assessment of stress has not taken account of the significance of the event as perceived by a particular individual, the ulcer patient perhaps reacting differently to stress and the ulcer being one result of this abnormal reaction. Consequently, the role of emotional stress remains open.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cimetidine and gastric ulcer healing: a double-blind controlled trial.

The effect of cimetidine in the daily dose of 1200 mg on the healing rate of chronic gastric ulcer was assessed in a randomized double-blind trial in 48 patients. Cimetidine was found to accelerate the healing of chronic gastric ulcers in the ambulant patients, but it conferred no additional benefit on the patients in hospital. No significant side effects were observed.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

A comparison of various parameters of social grade: a study of a Sydney population.

A comparison has been made between different methods of classifying a Sydney population of 118 persons into social grades. A positive correlation was found between address and occupation, education and occupation, occupation and father's occupation, address and education, address and father's occupation, and education and father's occupation, all correlations being significant at or below the P=0.004 level of statistical significance.

Australia↗
PubMed1979

Which antacid?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antacids↗
PubMed1978

Effect of ulcer healing on the prognosis of chronic gastric uler. Four-year follow-up.

Eighty three patients were followed-up for four years after an admission to hospital with a chronic gastric ulcer proven by radiology (index ulcer). The index ulcer healed completely in 50 patients, but was unhealed at the time of discharge in the other 33. Significantly fewer patients whose index ulcer was healed compared with those whose ulcer was unhealed at discharge had had a recurrence by one (p < 0.05), two, three and four years' (p < 0.01) follow-up. Moreover, the rate of recurrence was significantly greater for those patients with unhealed, compared with those with a healed index ulcer (p < 0.05) and by the end of the four-year period 61% of patients with unhealed, compared with 26% of those with healed index ulcers had had a recurrence. Patients over the age of 60 years with unhealed index ulcers had a significantly poorer prognosis than those of similar age whose index ulcer was healed at discharge (p < 0.025). The sex of the ulcer patient did not significantly influence ulcer recurrence. Large ulcers (> 57 mm(2)) were less often healed on initial discharge and were more frequently associated with recurrence at one (p < 0.05), two (p < 0.025), three and four years (p < 0.01) than smaller ulcers ([unk]57 mm(2)). Heavy intake of analgesics adversely influenced the course of patients whose ulcer was unhealed (p < 0.05), but did not alter the recurrence rate in those whose ulcer was healed. Ulcer recurrence was not influenced by smoking habits or by alcohol consumption.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Gastric mucosal proteins in patients with chronic peptic ulcer.

As ulcerogenesis could be explained by a defect in the mucosal proteins, a study of soluble proteins extracted from human gastric mucosa was made. The proteins were fractionated by gel electrophoresis. 7--8 major bands and several minor bands were present on polyacrylamide tube gels and 30 bands were visible on isoelectric focusing gels. No reproducible differences were found between body and antral mucosa or between the mucosa of gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric carcinoma patients.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1978

Chronic gastric ulcer and stress. A comparison of an ulcer population with a control population regarding stressful events over a lifetime.

Stress was measured by the frequency of 31 major life events with consequent change and distress scores in 50 patients with chronic gastric ulcer and 50 control subjects, matched for age, sex and place of residence. The gastric ulcer population did not differ from the control population regarding the number of events experienced and the associated change and distress scores. However, when analysed according to social grade, the ulcer patients in the lower status suburbs experienced more events and more change than their controls, but the stress scores were similar. In the higher status suburbs, no difference was present between the patients and controls. Change and distress scores rose progressively with age, but there was no significant difference in the number of events experienced between the three age groups. Both men patients and their controls experienced significantly more events and higher change scores than women patients and their controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The carcinogenic effect of cigarette smoke. The effect of cigarette smoke on human gastric mucosal cells in organ culture.

The carcinogenic effect of cigarette smoke on certain organs is well established epidemiologically, but the evidence in relation to gastric carcinoma is inconclusive. The present study reports the effect of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on gastric mucosa grown in organ culture and its effect is compared with that of the known gastric carcinogen, N-methyl-N1-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NG). Viability of the cells was assessed by the uptake of labelled glucose and glycine. It was found that, as gauged by lactate and beta-glucuronidase production into the ambient fluid, CSC produced a response typical of malignancy that did not differ from that with NG.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of chronic gastric ulcer a study of the treatment recived by 135 gastric ulcer patients in a western community.

A study was made of the treatment received by 135 gastric ulcer patients within one month and within six months of diagnosis. The treatment was divided into three types. Effective measures included surgery and those measures that have been shown favourably to influence the initial healing rate of chronic gastric ulcer (i.e. hospital admission and carbenoxolone sodium). Ineffective measures included those that have been shown convincingly not to accelerate ulcer healing--diet, antacids, sedatives and no treatmen at all. Anticholinergic drugs were included in the third group where the evidence is conflicting. The patient's therapeutic status was assessed one month and six months after diagnosis. Within six months of diagnosis only 32% of patients received treatment that clinical trials have shown favourably to influence the course of gastric ulcer and approximately half received treatment that has never been shown favourably to influence the course of gastric ulcer. The social class of the patients and whether they were seen by a consultant physicians or family doctor made no difference to the form of therapy received.

Australia↗
PubMed1977

Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern in uninvolved mucosa of patients with colorectal carcinoma.

Colorectal mucosa from patients with colorectal carcinoma was compared with rectal mucosa from a control group. It was found that the LDH isoenzyme pattern of uninvolved mucosa proximal and distal to the carcinoma differed from that of normal tissue and resembled that of carcinoma tissue except in the case of the uninvolved mucosa proximal to the carcinoma of the sigmoid colon, which did not differ from normal mucosa.

Colonic Neoplasms↗