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D W McNeil

Publications and source records attributed to D W McNeil.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Novel non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. 2. Tricyclic pyridobenzoxazepinones and dibenzoxazepinones.

Dibenz[b,f][1,4]oxazepin-11(10H)-ones (III), pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzoxazepin-6(5H)-ones (IV), and pyrido[2,3-b]- [1,5]benzoxazepin-5(6H)-ones (V) were found to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase with IC50 values as low as 19 nM. A-ring substitution has a profound effect on activity, with appropriate substituents at the positions ortho and para to the lactam nitrogen providing dramatically enhanced potency. Substitution in the C-ring is generally neutral or detrimental to activity. Although a C-ring amino substituent at the position meta to the lactam carbonyl is generally beneficial to activity, it has essentially no effect when the A-ring is optimally substituted. Like the dipyridodiazepinone nevirapine, compounds III-V are specific for HIV-1 RT, exhibiting no inhibitory activity against HIV-2 RT or other virial reverse transcriptase enzymes.

Dibenzoxazepines↗
PubMed1992

Pain and fear: a bioinformational perspective on responsivity to imagery.

Cognitive processing of pain and fear information was examined using a methodology based on the bioinformational theory of emotion. Undergraduate volunteers (n = 48) participated in an imagery assessment procedure involving audio presentation of pain, fear, or pain plus fear experimental scripts. Action and neutral scripts were presented as control stimuli. Heart rate and self-reported affective judgements were assessed. Results indicated that pain scripts were rated more negatively, and were associated with feelings of less dominance than the other experimental scripts. Fear scripts elicited greater heart rate acceleration than either pain or pain plus fear scripts. The direction of physiological and verbal response to pain scripts and fear scripts, however, was very similar, differing only in amplitude; greater heart rate response and more negative ratings were manifested relative to action or neutral scripts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Components of dental fear in adults?

The functional relatedness between dental fear and multiple other fears was studied in a normative sample of 285 undergraduates. Rachman and Lopatka's work on the inter-dependence of multiple fears within individuals, as well as Lang's bioinformational theory of emotion, provided a theoretical background for this investigation. Fears about social contact, pain, mutilation (e.g. injury, blood, disfigurement), and being closed-in were assessed within the realm of verbal report; they were studied as possible components and/or concomitants of the dental fear construct. Multiple regression analyses with these variables utilized the Dental Fear Survey total score as a criterion variable. Fear of pain was found to be the most significant predictor of dental fear in both males and females. For females only, mutilation fear was the next strongest determinant. Fear of being closed-in was an additional significant dental fear predictor for both sexes. The possible role of social fears in the manifestation of dental fear was not confirmed and awaits further investigation. Results were consistent with the idea that there may often be a moderate degree of functional dependence between dental fear and the other fears identified here.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Attitudes toward problem drinkers: cognitive, affective, and behavioral intention dimensions.

Attitudes toward problem drinkers were investigated in an experiment utilizing a 2 X 2 X 2 X 2 multivariate analysis of variance design. Subjects read one of eight case vignettes about hypothetical stimulus persons and then completed verbal report inventories to assess attitudes. All vignettes were identical except for references to the stimulus person's drinking behavior (problem or nonproblem drinking), sex, and socioeconomic status (upper-middle or low). Sex of the rater was the other independent variable in the four-way design. Problem drinking elicited a powerful halo effect such that attitudes toward persons exhibiting such behavior were found to be negative relative to normal drinkers in all attitudinal domains and across almost all variables measured. Drinking behavior may have exerted such a strong effect that the potential influence of the other variables was overpowered.

Affect↗
PubMed1986

A structured interview for assessing dental fear.

Ninety-six students responded to a dental fear questionnaire. Several weeks later they responded to a structured Dental Fear Interview and repeated the questionnaire. Fifteen additional students also responded to the interview and questionnaire. Each of two raters derived fear intensity- and adaptive-impairment scores from each set of interview notes. Inter-rater correlations for both intensity and impairment were high. Interview fear and impairment ratings correlated highly with same-day fear questionnaire results. The interview ratings also discriminated high from low scorers on the initial questionnaire. The Dental Fear Interview is recommended for research and for encouraging clinical development.

Dental Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multimodal comparisons of social phobia subtypes and avoidant personality disorder.

The purpose of the present study was to further clarify the behavioral, physiological, and verbal response of patients with circumscribed social (speech) phobia, generalized social phobia without avoidant personality disorder, and generalized social phobia with avoidant personality disorder. Patients completed a battery of verbal report instruments and participated in two behavioral assessment tests. Measures of avoidance/escape behavior, cardiac response, level of behavioral skill, state anxiety, and positive and negative self-statements during performance were collected. Significant differences across response domains were found between the circumscribed social phobia and the generalized groups. Most of the distinctions were between individuals with circumscribed social phobia and those with both generalized social phobia and avoidant personality disorder, with the former group having less overall psychopathology. In addition, there was substantial overlap of problems between generalized social phobia individuals with and without avoidant personality disorder. Implications for the conceptualization of social phobia are discussed in terms of the differences among social phobia subtypes.

Adult↗