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D W Bailey

Publications and source records attributed to D W Bailey.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Just a beta....

Traditional implementation of clinical information systems follows a predictable project management process. The selection, development, implementation, and evaluation of the system and the project management aspects of those phases require considerable time and effort. The purpose of this paper is to describe the beta site implementation of a knowledge-based clinical information system in a specialty area of a southeastern hospital that followed a less than traditional approach to implementation. Highlighted are brief descriptions of the hospital's traditional process, the nontraditional process, and key findings from the experience. Preliminary analysis suggests that selection of an implementation process is contextual. Selection of elements from each of these methods may provide a more useful process. The non-traditional process approached the elements of communication, areas of responsibility, training, follow-up and leadership differently. These elements are common to both processes and provide a focal point for future research.

Artificial Intelligence↗

Calf production by Angus-Hereford and Brahman-Hereford cows on two native rangeland forage systems.

Calf birth weights, weaning weights, and preweaning gain of Simmental-sired calves from Angus-Hereford (AH) and Brahman-Hereford (BH) F1 cows grazing native rangeland (NR) or native rangeland-complementary forage (NRCF) systems in the southern Great Plains mixed prairie were evaluated. Calves from AH dams were heavier (P < .001) at birth than calves from BH dams in both forage systems (40 and 37 kg, respectively). However, birth weights of calves from BH dams were 2 kg heavier (P < .001) in the NRCF fall-calving system. Calves in the NRCF system were 122 d older and heavier (P < .001) than the NR calves at weaning (343 and 256 kg, respectively). During the preweaning period, the NR calves gained faster (P < .001) than the NRCF calves. When calves from both systems were evaluated at 200 d of age, NR calves were heavier (P < .001) than NRCF calves. Calves from BH cows were 8 to 16 kg heavier (P < .001) that calves from AH cows at 200 d of age and at weaning. The increased age at weaning associated with the NRCF did not reduce reproductive efficiency. The NRCF system requires less land than a traditional NR system to support a cow-calf pair and seems to be more economically efficient.

Animal Feed↗

Genetic programming of development: a model.

Genetic programming of the developmental processes in multicellular organisms is proposed to be so intricate and vitally important that a large set of genes is dedicated solely to this end. It is further proposed that this set can be compartmentalized into subsets on the basis of the changes in gene activities that occur during ontogenesis, and that the genes in each subset transiently control the epigenetic activities of a small group of cells. Automatic subset activation is achieved by the product of a gene in each subset that transfers activity specifically to the subset next in the developmental sequence. This device can generate a unidirectional series of activations that cascade hierarchically through development like toppling dominoes. The model provides a basis for developmental phenomena, such as pattern formation, morphogenesis, and regeneration, and it makes testable predictions at the molecular level.

Animals↗

Interferon structural genes do not participate in quantitative regulation of interferon production by If loci as shown in C57BL/6 mice that are congenic with BALB/c mice at the alpha interferon gene cluster.

Previous studies have shown that serum interferon (IFN) production in mice is quantitatively influenced by If loci, whose alleles determine high or low production. Although different loci influence IFN production in response to different inducers, such as Newcastle disease virus, Sendai virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, and polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid, BALB/c mice are in every instance low producers. It was therefore possible that, in addition to If loci, some feature of the BALB/c structural IFN genes contributed to low production. This was examined in the present work, in which IFN production was measured in two strains of C57BL/6 mice congenic with BALB/c at the murine alpha IFN (IFN-alpha) gene cluster on chromosome 4. One line, HW13 (B6.C-H-15c-H-16c-H-20c-H-21c/By) has a BALB/c fragment on chromosome 4 of at least 35 centimorgans which includes the BALB/c IFN-alpha gene cluster and four loci of the brown histocompatibility complex; the other line, HW13J (B6.C-H-15c/By), has a much shorter fragment (about 15 centimorgans), but it also comprises the BALB/c IFN-alpha gene cluster. We show that these mice, carrying the BALB/c IFN-alpha structural genes on a C57BL/6 background, are high IFN producers when stimulated by Newcastle disease virus, Sendai virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, or polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid. Thus, the low IFN production of BALB/c mice is not directly due to some feature of the IFN-alpha structural genes but is mainly the result of different alleles at If loci.

Alleles↗

Mandibular-morphogenesis gene linked to the H-2 complex in mice.

The shapes of mandibles from mice of a group of H-2 congenic strains are compared to that of their C57BL/6By background strain. One congenic strain carries a passenger gene that evokes an elongation of the dorsal reach of the condylar process as does an H-2 recombinant congenic strain derived from it. Two other independently derived H-2 congenic strains do not carry such a gene. This indicates that the effective gene resides outside of and on the centromeric side of the H-2 complex on chromosome 17. Reiterated tests demonstrate the reproducibility of this type of genetic analysis.

Animals↗

Genes on different chromosomes influence the antibody response to bacterial antigens.

B6.C congenic strains of mice, possessing histocompatibility (H) alleles from high responding BALB/cBy (C) mice on the genetic background of low responding C57BL/6By (B6) mice, were assayed for their ability to make an antibody response to Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) and the alpha(1----3) epitope of bacterial (Leuconostoc) dextran B-1355. The results affirmed that the antibody response to SSS-III is multigenic and that genes making a positive contribution to responsiveness are located on different chromosomes, i.e., chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 5, and 9. At least one other gene also influences responsiveness to SSS-III; it is linked to the H-17 locus, which has not yet been assigned to a specific chromosome. Genes on chromosomes 1, 4, and 5 influence the magnitude of the antibody response to dextran B-1355. Some of these genes may be antigen-specific in their mode of action; however, others may not since they appear to exert a positive influence on the antibody response to both SSS-III and dextran B-1355.

Animals↗

Immunodominance in the immune response to "multiple" histocompatibility antigens.

Cytotoxic effector T cells putatively specific for multiple non-H-2 histocompatibility (H) antigens were generated by immunizing and boosting C57BL/6 and B6.C-H-2d mice with BALB.B and BALB/c stimulator cells, respectively. The generated effectors were tested for cell-mediated lympholysis on a panel of targets whose BALB/c-derived non-H-2 H antigens were donated by CXB recombinant inbred mice. The spectrum of reactivity of cytotoxic effector T cells with CXB targets demonstrated that the effectors did not recognize multiple H antigens but rather preferentially recognized a single immunodominant non-H 2 antigen. The identity of the immunodominant H antigen was determined by the H-2 genotype of the stimulator cells when (B6 x B6.C-H-2d)F1 cytotoxic effectors were tested. These observations indicate that despite the fact that responders were challenged with more than 40 individual non-H-2 H antigens, they preferentially responded to single immunodominant antigen.

Animals↗

Genetics of histocompatibility in mice. IV. Detection of certain minor (non-H-2) H antigens in selected organs by the popliteal node test.

The H-Y antigen and minor H antigens defined by eight C57BL/6By (B6) congenic mouse strains were studied for their distribution among 13 different tissues. Antigen expression was detected by implanting B6 recipients with organ fragments from congenic strain donors that had been previously grafted with B6 bone marrow to minimize the number of allogeneic passenger leukocytes. Successfully immunized recipients were identified by the enlargement of their popliteal lymph nodes following footpad challenge with spleen cells of the donor type. No two strains had identical patterns of expression of their distinguishing antigens. The data provide evidence for differences in levels of minor H-antigen expression among different tissues.

Animals↗

Genetics of histocompatibility in mice. III. Characteristics of the popliteal lymph-node response to minor (non-H-2) H antigens.

The response to spleen cells incompatible at defined histocompatibility, H, loci was studied using the popliteal lymph-node enlargement test to establish its applicability as a method for detecting minor H antigens. This test was able to detect H-2 and H-Y antigens as well as most of the minor H antigens represented by 23 different strains congenic with C57BL/6By. Responses of both naive and immunized recipients were examined, and time-courses of the response were obtained for ten donor strains. These curves revealed that different antigens elicited responses that differed in timing and magnitude of peak enlargements, and that the two parameters were not closely correlated. Both the peak magnitude and the slope of the primary response were correlated with skin-graft rejection, however. The response to individual minor antigens did not appear to be dose-dependent above a threshold. Irradiation of donor cells had strain-dependent effects on the elicited response. Irradiation of recipients appeared to abrogate the primary response but not the responses of previously primed recipients in the combination tested. None of the responses studied had any demonstrable graft-versus-host component.

Animals↗

Further testing of several strains of mice with respect to detection of H - 2 antigens on neonatal erythrocytes.

In previous experiments the existence of two types of neonatal erythrocytes was confirmed in different inbred and congenic strains of mice. Erythrocytes of the "early" type were agglutinable by the appropriate antisera on the day of birth; the "late" type erythrocytes were not agglutinable until the third day of postnatal life. Results of earlier studies on segregating generations supported the proposed "remote-cis-effect" model for genetic control of H-2 antigen detectability in newborns. We report on tests that bear further upon this phenomenon.

Animals↗

Studies of two H-2Db mutants: B6. C-H-2bm13 and B6.C-H-2bm14.

Two new C57BL/6 H-2 mutants, B6.C-H-2bm13 and B6.C-H-2bm14 are described. They arose independently in C57BL/6 as spontaneous mutations of the gain and loss type. Complementation studies map the mutations in both bm13 and bm14 to the H-2Db gene. However, these two mutant strains are not identical, but occurred as independent mutations at the same locus, as shown by reciprocal graft rejection and by the inability of the (bm13 X bm14)F1 hybrid to accept C57BL/6 grafts. Serological studies by direct testing (cytotoxicity and hemagglutination) and by quantitative absorption demonstrated a decrease in the H-2Db private specificity H-2.2 in both bm13 and bm14 when compared to C57BL/6. This was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis using antisera detecting the H-2.2 specificity. Attempts to produce antibodies to either the gained or lost specificities of the two mutant strains failed.

Animals↗

Genetics of histocompatibility in mice. II. Survey for interactions between minor (non-H-2) antigens by skin grafting.

Twenty-five congenic mouse strains differing at distinguishable minor (non-H-2) histocompatibility loci were paired in 71 different combinations. F1 offspring were used as skin-graft donors for more than 4000 recipients to test whether immune responses to parental strain antigens were statistically independent. Thirty-four (48 percent) of the 71 combinations were predicted adequately by an independent response hypothesis. A simple additive model was consistent with 39 (55 percent) of the observed responses, although 18 of these were among those in agreement with the independent hypothesis. A synergistic response faster than that predicted by either the independent or additive response model was seen in 12 (17 percent) of the combinations. The remaining 5 percent were not well described by any of these models. No strain was represented with unusual frequency among those involved in synergistic interactions.

Animals↗

Interaction of H-2Db with mutant histocompatibility gene H (KH-11) in the mouse.

The detectable presence of H (KH-11)b, a mutant non-H-2 histocompatibility gene, was previously shown to depend upon the simultaneous presence, in the skin-graft donor, of both the mutant gene and the H-2b haplotype. The experiments reported here demonstrate that H-2Db is the essential element of H-2b for this interaction. Of two H-2Db histocompatibility mutations, H-2bm13 can replace H-2Db in this interaction, but H-2bm14 cannot.

Animals↗