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Biomedical subjects

D Vincent

Publications and source records attributed to D Vincent.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Recurrent multiple paralysis of cranial nerves. Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome].

A 53 year-old woman presented with 6 episodes of recurrent cranial nerve palsies over seven years, each episode lasting several weeks. She had three episodes of diplopia, one of difficulty with swallowing, a left facial paralysis and two episodes of trigeminal sensory neuropathy. Sjögren's syndrome was diagnosed when the patient developed dryness of the eyes and mouth, 7 years after the first episode. The diagnosis was proved by biopsy of the accessory salivary glands, the presence of a hypergammaglobulinaemia and anti-tissue antibodies.

Cranial Nerve Diseases↗
PubMed1985

[Hemichorea and oral contraceptives].

A 26 year-old woman presented with a left hemichorea while taking oral contraceptives (a combination of ethinyl-estradiol and norethisterone). There was marked improvement of the choreic movements after discontinuation of the oral contraceptive and complete resolution by 6 weeks. Induction of chorea is a rare complication of oral contraceptives. The possible mechanisms are briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Nerve and muscle microvasculitis: 50 cases].

Fifty consecutive cases of nerve and muscle microvasculitis (MV) seen on nerve and muscle biopsies were studied. These were observed in a 5 years period, among 1076 nerve and/or muscle biopsies performed in adult patients in the Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Charles Foix. The systemic necrotizing vasculitides, in which the arteries of diameter greater than 70 microns are involved, acute polymyositis, sarcoidosis and acute polyneuritis were not considered in this study. Mononuclear cell infiltration was the rule. It was associated to leukocytoclasis in 2 cases. No fibrinoid necrosis was seen. These changes were highly diagnostic when seen in the nerve or the connective tissue of the epi or perimysium. The etiology of these microvasculitides was mainly connective tissue diseases (42 p. 100) and, overall, panarteritis nodosa (16 p. 100), or malignancies (28 p. 100) which comprise 7 solid tumors and 4 lymphomas. Other cases were related either to systemic diseases (thromboangiitis obliterans, monoclonal dysglobulinemia, cholesterol embolus) or to local trauma. The relationship between MV and peripheral neuropathy was less obvious in 3 cases of mononeuritis multiplex associated with diabetes mellitus and in 3 cases of acute idiopathic and regressive mononeuritis multiplex. In 5 cases, no cause was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Retinal, muscular and cutaneous cholesterol emboli. Progressive encephalopathy].

A 73 year-old man experienced left monocular blindness and transient right hand clumsiness. A left carotid arteriogram was performed 4 days after admission. Immediately following arteriography, there was a right hemiparesia and dysphasia. After 24 hours, the abnormalities resolved. The patient was treated with heparin. During the following weeks, he became gradually drowsy and confused. Pseudo-bulbar palsy and astasia appeared after a fluctuating but progressive neurological course. The combination of systemic symptoms, high sedimentation rate, renal failure, livedo reticularis and purple toes suggested necrotizing angiitis. With corticosteroid treatment, there was a slight improvement of systemic symptoms. Cholesterol emboli were seen in both fundi. Cholesterol embolization was proved by identifying the biconcave cholesterol crystal clefts in muscle and skin biopsies. The subsequent course was marqued by continuous neurological deterioration. The patient became stuporous and died 7 months after admission. Despite the lack of central nervous system pathological study, the clinical picture was highly suggestive of cerebral cholesterol embolism. A few cases have been reported, with only eight well-documented clinical descriptions. Clinical signs and symptoms were closely similar to those of the present case. Anticoagulant therapy of cholesterol emboli has been unsuccessful. In the present case, the onset of embolization was temporally related to anticoagulation.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Bone metastasis of breast cancer. Apropos of a series of 50 cases].

Among fifty patients with bone metastases from breast cancer who were hospitalized between 1971 and 1980, 19 were given intermittent chemotherapy including both hormone-therapy (drostanolon propionate and tamoxifen) and a combination of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5 FU, doxorubicin and vincristine (CMFDV). Comparison of these patients with two other groups given either miscellaneous chemotherapy programs (19 cases) or no chemotherapy (12 cases) exhibited the value of the standardized protocol, especially concerning median survival which exceeded three years (versus one year with the two other methods). Cobalt-therapy, chemotherapy and hormone-therapy in bone metastases from breast cancer are reviewed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1982

Oxmetidine: clinical pharmacological studies with a new H2-receptor antagonist.

The gastric antisecretory effects of oxmetidine, a new H2-receptor antagonist, have been studied in 33 healthy subjects. The relative potency of oxmetidine compared with that of cimetidine depended on the route of administration and the experimental conditions. Oxmetidine intravenously infused was approximately four times as potent as cimetidine, weight for weight, in inhibiting impromidine stimulated gastric acid secretion but was twice as potent when food was used as a stimulus. After oral administration there were no differences in the weight-for-weight potency of oxmetidine and cimetidine, although oxmetidine was twice as potent on a molar basis. These apparent differences according to the route of drug administration are probably due to first pass metabolism of oxmetidine. There were no differences in the duration of action of oxmetidine and cimetidine. Twenty-four hour monitoring of intragastric pH showed that oxmetidine 400 mg twice daily reduced mean hourly 24 hour intragastric pH by 59%, suggesting that a twice daily dosage regimen should be evaluated in the treatment of duodenal ulceration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Lactic acid in the human umbilical cord. Influence of glycolysis in the blood in cord and in cordonal tissue (author's transl)].

The blood staid in human umbilical cord increases his lactate concentration (about + 4 mg/l/mn, in average). It is the fact of an high metabolic activity of foetal erythrocytes for glycolysis, but also of action of cordonal tissue itself. This tissue, after elimination of blood, allows an high concentration of lactate, which increases when cord is kept at room temperature, reaching and rising above 1 or 2 g/kg, after many hours. This glycolytic process indicates than cord tissue has a metabolic activity which seems to be in relation with the high lactate concentration of the amniotic fluid.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1978

[Cholinesterase, arylesterase and proteinuria. A clinical trial in glomerular and tubular proteinuria (author's transl)].

A study is presented on the activity of cholinesterase (substrate acetylcholine) and of arylesterase (substrate phenylactate) in proteinuria, classified according to the results of electrophoresis of glomerular and tubular proteinuria. Comparison is made with the corresponding serum. The urine is concentrated by dialysis on polyethylene-glycol to 60 g protein per 1000 before determination of the activities. In the presence of equal quantities of protein, cholinesterase is slightly more active in glomerular than in tubular proteinuria. In selective glomerular proteinuria, cholinesterase and arylesterase are less active than in cases with little or no selectivity. Comparison with serum, in each individual case, indicates that the ratio of activity in concentrated urine to that in serum, is higher for cholinesterase and arylesterase in tubular than in glomerular cases, whereas the reverse is true in urine at its natural concentration, on account of the lower degree of proteinuria in tubular cases. The ratio of cholinesterase to arylesterase activity in concentrated urine and serum is determined. Since cholinesterase activity is greatly increased in glomerular cases (nephrosis) this ratio is on average markedly higher in glomerular proteinuria than in serum, whereas it is similar in urine and serum of tubular cases. These results, seen in the light of the molecular weights of the enzymes, are difficult to interpret with certainty, especially as regards tubular proteinuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in human umbilical cord tissue].

Study on umbilical cord tissue, completely bloodless, for determination of lactate deshydrogenase activity and its distribution among the five iso-enzymes. Comparison with placenta, amniotic fluid, serums of blood of cord and of mother. Cord tissue is very active (about 360 muKatals, in average) and it is a similar result in placenta (as it is possibly bloodless). Blood serum of cord is more active than amniotic fluid, which is more active than maternal serum, but they are 80 to 200 times less active than cord tissue. After electrophoresis, a very large predominance of the slow iso-enzymes L.D.H. 4--5 is found in cord tissue (72%), amniotic fluid (67%) and placenta (56%), whereas the fast iso-enzymes L.D.H. 1--2 are predominant in the serums of cord blood and of mother. These data indicate an intense metabolic activity in the cord tissue, which has also an high level of lactate, and this seems related to the foetal metabolism for anaerobic glycolysis in oxygen weakly provided tissues.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

On the secretagogue effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP in the rat exocrine pancreas.

DbcAMP greater than or equal to 0.1 mM induces the discharge of exportable enzymes from rat pancreas fragments incubated in vitro. This effect is qualitatively similar to the action of physiological secretagogues acting via hormone receptors: 1) it is accompanied by the appearance of exocytotic images at the acinar cell apex; 2) it is energy dependent but energy supply is low while that required for the carbamylcholine or caerulein response is high and can only be afforded by oxidative phosphorylation; 3) it is calcium dependent, but no alteration of inward or outward calcium movement can be observed; 4) it is altered by agents known to disrupt the microfilamentous microtubular system [41]. However, the secretory response to DbcAMP is quantitatively less than that obtained with hormonal stimuli. A damaging effect of DbcAMP on pancreatic acinar cells is ruled out on histological and biochemical grounds: there is no significant leakage of LDH; protein synthesis, 2-deoxy-D-glucose and L-leucine uptake are unaltered. The secretagogue effect of DbcAMP is reversible, dose-related and specific. It is not mediated by neurotransmitter release or by interaction with their receptors. The evidence presented points to a direct interaction of DbcAMP on the pancreatic acinar cell and suggests the last step of the secretory cycle as the most probable site of action of the nucleotide derivative.

Adrenergic Agonists↗
PubMed1977

[Cholinesterases and arylesterase in the umbilical cord, the placenta, and the amniotic membrane, in the female at term].

Cholinesterasic activity of umbilical cord (tissue), completely bloodless, is exclusively due to pseudocholinesterase. Cholinesterase is more active in placenta than in cord; it is an acetylcholinesterase at 80 per cent. Both forms coexist, about equally, in amniotic membrane. A considerable arylesterasic activity is proved in cord, placenta and membrane, the greatest activity being in placenta. Comparing the greater activity in maternal plasma and cord blood's plasma to the very weak activity in amniotic fluid, it is possible to think that cork, membrane, placenta and also amniotic fluid pseudocholinesterase and arylesterase, come from plasma. On the contrary, placental acetylcholinesterase seems original and probably is the source of this enzyme activity in amniotic fluid.

Acetylcholinesterase↗